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    Battery health monitor
    1.
    发明授权
    Battery health monitor 有权
    电池健康监视器

    公开(公告)号：US07554294B2

    公开(公告)日：2009-06-30

    申请号：US11045740

    申请日：2005-01-28

    申请人： Rengaswamy Srinivasan ,  Hassan M. Saffarian ,  Terry E. Phillips ,  Paul R. Zarriello ,  Bliss G. Carkhuff ,  Subhas Chalasani

    发明人： Rengaswamy Srinivasan ,  Hassan M. Saffarian ,  Terry E. Phillips ,  Paul R. Zarriello ,  Bliss G. Carkhuff ,  Subhas Chalasani

    IPC分类号： H02J7/00 ,  G01N27/416

    CPC分类号： G01R31/3624 ,  G01R31/3662 ,  G01R31/3679

    摘要： A battery health monitor (BHM) that operates as a battery-mountable full-spectrum alternating current (ac) impedance meter that facilitates monitoring a state-of-charge and a state-of-health of a battery. The BHM is used for monitoring one or more electrical parameters, e.g., impedance, of a battery. The BHM includes: a current sink coupled to the first terminal and configured to sink therefrom an oscillatory current so as to cause the battery to produce at a first terminal thereof an oscillatory voltage equal to or less than a dc operating voltage of the battery that would be present at the first terminal in the absence of the oscillatory current; and a voltage sensor configured to sense the oscillatory voltage at the first terminal.

    摘要翻译： 一种电池健康监测器（BHM），可作为电池安装的全频谱交流（AC）阻抗计，用于监测电池的充电状态和健康状况。 BHM用于监测电池的一个或多个电参数，例如阻抗。 BHM包括：耦合到第一端子并被配置为从其中吸收振荡电流的电流宿，以使得电池在其第一端处产生等于或小于电池的直流工作电压的振荡电压， 在没有振荡电流的情况下存在于第一个终端; 以及被配置为感测第一端子处的振荡电压的电压传感器。

    Embeddable corrosion rate meters for remote monitoring of structures susceptible to corrosion
    2.
    发明授权
    Embeddable corrosion rate meters for remote monitoring of structures susceptible to corrosion 失效
    用于远程监测易腐蚀结构的可嵌入式腐蚀速率计

    公开(公告)号：US07148706B2

    公开(公告)日：2006-12-12

    申请号：US10517364

    申请日：2003-07-18

    申请人： Rengaswamy Srinivasan ,  Hassan M. Saffarian ,  Terry E. Phillips

    发明人： Rengaswamy Srinivasan ,  Hassan M. Saffarian ,  Terry E. Phillips

    IPC分类号： G01R27/08

    CPC分类号： G01N17/04 ,  G01N17/02

    摘要： An embeddable corrosion rate meter (ECRM) for detecting and measuring corrosion in metal and concrete structures is provided. The system comprises an electrochemical cell with at least one working electrode evenly separated from a counter electrode, wherein a separation distance between electrodes determines an electrolyte medium resistance and the electrolyte medium resistance is less than or equal to a polarization resistance. The system further includes a signal generator connected to a plurality of resistances for creating a plurality of current amplitudes for generating a current source; a first selector for applying a current through each of the plurality of resistances to the working electrode and counter electrode; a second selector for selecting a duration of a current pulse; a voltmeter/A-D converter having an input impedance >109 ohms for measuring polarization of the working electrode; and an external reader-head with a data link and power link connected to a computing device for powering the system and collecting corrosion measurements data.

    摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于检测和测量金属和混凝土结构腐蚀的嵌入式腐蚀速率计（ECRM）。 该系统包括具有与对电极均匀分离的至少一个工作电极的电化学电池，其中电极之间的间隔确定电解质介质电阻并且电解质介质电阻小于或等于极化电阻。 该系统还包括连接到多个电阻的信号发生器，用于产生用于产生电流源的多个电流幅度; 第一选择器，用于将电流通过所述多个电阻中的每一个施加到所述工作电极和对电极; 用于选择当前脉冲的持续时间的第二选择器; 具有用于测量工作电极极化的输入阻抗> 10欧姆的电压表/ A-D转换器; 以及具有连接到计算设备的数据链路和电源链路的外部读取器头，用于为系统供电并收集腐蚀测量数据。

    Battery Phase Meter to Determine Internal Temperatures of Lithium-Ion Rechargeable Cells Under Charge and Discharge
    4.
    发明申请
    Battery Phase Meter to Determine Internal Temperatures of Lithium-Ion Rechargeable Cells Under Charge and Discharge 有权
    电池相位计，用于确定充电和放电下锂离子充电电池的内部温度

    公开(公告)号：US20120155507A1

    公开(公告)日：2012-06-21

    申请号：US13275664

    申请日：2011-10-18

    申请人： Rengaswamy Srinivasan ,  Michael H. Butler ,  Bliss G. Carkhuff ,  Terry E. Phillips ,  Jeremy D. Walker ,  Oscar M. Uy ,  Andrew C. Baisden

    发明人： Rengaswamy Srinivasan ,  Michael H. Butler ,  Bliss G. Carkhuff ,  Terry E. Phillips ,  Jeremy D. Walker ,  Oscar M. Uy ,  Andrew C. Baisden

    IPC分类号： G01N25/00

    CPC分类号： H01M10/486 ,  G01R31/3606 ,  G01R31/3658 ,  H01M2/34 ,  H01M2/348 ,  H01M10/0525 ,  H01M10/48 ,  H01M2200/10

    摘要： Methods and systems to determine an internal temperature of a rechargeable lithium-ion cell based on a phase shift of the cell. Internal cell temperature may be determined with respect to an internal anode temperature and/or an internal cathode temperature. Internal anode temperature may be determined based on a phase shift of a frequency within a range of approximately 40 Hertz (Hz) to 500 Hz. Internal cathode temperature may be determined based on a phase shift of a frequency of up to approximately 30 Hz. A temperature sensor as disclosed herein may be powered by a monitored cell with relatively little impact on cell charge, may be electrically coupled to cell but housed physically separate from the cell, and/or may monitor multiple cells in a multiplex fashion. A rate of change in phase shift may be used to initiate pre-emptive action, without determining corresponding temperatures.

    摘要翻译： 基于电池的相移来确定可充电锂离子电池的内部温度的方法和系统。 内部电池温度可以相对于内部阳极温度和/或内部阴极温度来确定。 内部阳极温度可以基于在大约40赫兹（Hz）到500Hz的范围内的频率的相移来确定。 可以基于高达约30Hz的频率的相移来确定内部阴极温度。 本文公开的温度传感器可以由对小区电荷的影响相对较小的受监视的小区供电，可以电耦合到小区，但是与小区物理上分离地容纳，和/或可以以多路复用的方式监视多个小区。 可以使用相位变化率来启动先发制人的动作，而不会确定相应的温度。

    Method for inhibiting corrosion of alloys employing electrochemistry
    6.
    发明授权
    Method for inhibiting corrosion of alloys employing electrochemistry 有权
    使用电化学抑制合金腐蚀的方法

    公开(公告)号：US07005056B2

    公开(公告)日：2006-02-28

    申请号：US10343867

    申请日：2001-10-02

    申请人： Rengaswamy Srinivasan ,  Hassan M. Saffarian ,  Stuart A. Fogel

    发明人： Rengaswamy Srinivasan ,  Hassan M. Saffarian ,  Stuart A. Fogel

    IPC分类号： C25D11/00 ,  C23C8/10

    CPC分类号： C25D9/10 ,  C25D9/06 ,  C25D11/02

    摘要： A method for inhibiting corrosion, e.g., pitting corrosion, of alloys is provided. Particularly, the method comprises contacting at least a portion of a surface of the alloy with an aqueous solution comprising a salt of one or more rare earth elements selected from the group consisting of yttrium, gadolinium, cerium, europium, terbium, samarium, neodymium, praseodymium, lanthanum, holmium, ytterbium, dysprosium and erbium; and establishing a voltage differential between an anode comprising the alloy and a cathode in the solution at an effective level and for a sufficient period of time wherein a rare earth element oxide-containing coating is formed on the surface of the alloy to inhibit corrosion thereof.

    摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于抑制合金腐蚀，例如点蚀的方法。 特别地，该方法包括使合金表面的至少一部分与包含一种或多种选自钇，钆，铈，铕，铽，钐，钕， 镨，镧，钬，镱，镝和铒; 并在有效水平下在该溶液中形成包括合金的阳极和阴极之间的电压差，并在合金表面上形成含有稀土元素氧化物的涂层以抑制其腐蚀的足够的时间段。

    Cathodic protection design method, current mapping and system
    8.
    发明授权
    Cathodic protection design method, current mapping and system 失效
    阴极保护设计方法，当前的映射和系统

    公开(公告)号：US06582587B1

    公开(公告)日：2003-06-24

    申请号：US08799923

    申请日：1997-02-13

    申请人： Rengaswamy Srinivasan ,  Periya Gopalan ,  Paul R. Zarriello

    发明人： Rengaswamy Srinivasan ,  Periya Gopalan ,  Paul R. Zarriello

    IPC分类号： C23F1300

    CPC分类号： C23F13/04

    摘要： Numerical techniques such as the finite element method (FEM) are used to model the current and voltage distribution in concrete structures such as bridges. The geometric arrangement of groundbeds and the ideal locations for the electrical contacts vis-a-vis the geometry of the bridge and the rebars can thereby be predicted and a cathodic protection (CP) system for the bridge designed. A magnetic sensor is used to sense the magnetic field generated by the CP current, and a voltmeter or an oscilloscope to measure the output of the magnetic sensor. A current interrupter is also used to interrupt the CP current at the source. The current is mapped by placing the magnetic sensor on or above the concrete surface. By moving the sensor from one location to another, the current is mapped over the entire structure. To achieve uniform distribution over the entire structure, an “expert” CP system controlled by a variety of current and environmental sensors and a dedicated microprocessor is described.

    摘要翻译： 使用诸如有限元法（FEM）的数值技术对桥梁等混凝土结构中的电流和电压分布进行建模。 因此，可以预测地板的几何排列以及电触头相对于桥梁和钢筋的几何形状的理想位置，并设计用于桥梁的阴极保护（CP）系统。 磁传感器用于感测由CP电流产生的磁场，以及电压表或示波器来测量磁传感器的输出。 电流中断器也用于中断源极处的CP电流。 通过将磁性传感器放置在混凝土表面上或上方来映射电流。 通过将传感器从一个位置移动到另一个位置，将电流映射到整个结构上。 为了实现整个结构的均匀分布，描述了由各种当前和环境传感器以及专用微处理器控制的“专家”CP系统。

    Apparatus and method for locating an object
    9.
    发明授权
    Apparatus and method for locating an object 失效
    用于定位物体的装置和方法

    公开(公告)号：US06411095B1

    公开(公告)日：2002-06-25

    申请号：US09305718

    申请日：1999-05-05

    申请人： Daniel C. Chin ,  Rengaswamy Srinivasan ,  Paul R. Zarriello

    发明人： Daniel C. Chin ,  Rengaswamy Srinivasan ,  Paul R. Zarriello

    IPC分类号： G01V308

    CPC分类号： G01V3/06

    摘要： The invention is directed to an apparatus and method for locating objects in a body through the mapping and imaging of the conductivity profiles of such objects by applying a force to the object and/or body and measuring certain characteristics of the body responsive to the application of force. In accordance with a preferred embodiment, the force applied to the object and body is in the form of an electrical voltage or current such that electrical potentials, currents, and magnetic fields are generated throughout the subsurface site. The voltage, current, or magnetic field is then measured at the surface or the boundary of the body. An estimate of subsurface conductivity is then made and a conductivity profile generated by minimizing a loss function. Preferably, the loss function is in the form of the sum square of the differences between measurement values and a set of computed values based on a gradient approximation technique. In a preferred embodiment, the approximation technique is a simultaneous perturbation stochastic approximation (SPSA). To characterize the object within the body, a conductivity profile is then constructed using a numerical technique such as a finite element method (FEM) to compute the potentials or magnetic fields along with the experimental values measured at the boundary of the site. The characterization of the object includes its location, size, and conductivity.

    摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种用于通过对物体和/或身体施加力并对身体的某些特征进行映射和成像来映射和成像身体中的物体的装置和方法，该装置和方法响应于应用 力。 根据优选实施例，施加到物体和身体的力是电压或电流的形式，使得在整个地下部位产生电势，电流和磁场。 然后在身体的表面或边界处测量电压，电流或磁场。 然后进行地下电导率的估计，并通过最小化损失函数产生电导率分布图。 优选地，损失函数是基于梯度近似技术的测量值与一组计算值之间的差的总和的形式。 在优选实施例中，近似技术是同时扰动随机近似（SPSA）。 为了表征体内的物体，然后使用诸如有限元法（FEM）的数值技术构造电导率分布，以计算电位或磁场以及在场地边界处测量的实验值。 对象的表征包括其位置，大小和电导率。

    Battery healty monitor
    10.
    发明申请
    Battery healty monitor 有权
    电池治疗监护仪

    公开(公告)号：US20060170397A1

    公开(公告)日：2006-08-03

    申请号：US11045740

    申请日：2005-01-28

    申请人： Rengaswamy Srinivasan ,  Hassan Saffarian ,  Terry Phillips ,  Paul Zarriello ,  Bliss Carkhuff ,  Subhas Chalasani

    发明人： Rengaswamy Srinivasan ,  Hassan Saffarian ,  Terry Phillips ,  Paul Zarriello ,  Bliss Carkhuff ,  Subhas Chalasani

    IPC分类号： H02J7/00

    CPC分类号： G01R31/3624 ,  G01R31/3662 ,  G01R31/3679

    摘要： A battery health monitor (BHM) that operates as a battery-mountable full-spectrum alternating current (ac) impedance meter that facilitates monitoring a state-of-charge and a state-of-health of a battery. The BHM is used for monitoring one or more electrical parameters, e.g., impedance, of a battery. The BHM includes: a current sink coupled to the first terminal and configured to sink therefrom an oscillatory current so as to cause the battery to produce at a first terminal thereof an oscillatory voltage equal to or less than a dc operating voltage of the battery that would be present at the first terminal in the absence of the oscillatory current; and a voltage sensor configured to sense the oscillatory voltage at the first terminal.

    摘要翻译： 一种电池健康监测器（BHM），可作为电池安装的全频谱交流（AC）阻抗计，用于监测电池的充电状态和健康状况。 BHM用于监测电池的一个或多个电参数，例如阻抗。 BHM包括：耦合到第一端子并被配置为从其中吸收振荡电流的电流宿，以使得电池在其第一端处产生等于或小于电池的直流工作电压的振荡电压， 在没有振荡电流的情况下存在于第一个终端; 以及被配置为感测第一端子处的振荡电压的电压传感器。