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公开(公告)号：US07099372B2
公开(公告)日：2006-08-29
申请号：US10037422
申请日：2001-10-24
IPC分类号： H04B1/707
CPC分类号： H04B1/7097 , H01Q1/246 , H01Q21/205 , H04B1/707 , H04B2201/70703 , H04B2201/709709 , H04J13/0074 , H04L1/0003 , H04L1/0009 , H04W16/12
摘要： Disclosed is a method for operating a code division multiple access communications system, and a system that operates in accordance with the method. The method operates within a coverage area of a base station by assigning a set of spreading codes to individual ones of a plurality of subscriber stations and then, during transmissions within the cell, by periodically hopping amongst spreading code within the set of spreading codes such that at any given time no two subscriber stations operate with the same spreading code. The set of spreading codes may include the all one's spreading code. The step of periodically hopping preferably changes from a currently used spreading code to a next spreading code at a symbol rate or at a multiple of the symbol rate. The set of spreading codes may be a hopped sub-set of a larger set of spreading codes, and in this case the method further operates to assign a non-hopped sub-set of the larger set of spreading codes to individual ones of the plurality of subscriber stations for use on a system access channel and/or on a system control channel or, more generally, for use on a non-traffic channel. The system may be a fixed data rate system or a variable data rate system. In the latter case the step of periodically hopping may change from a currently used spreading code to a next spreading code at the symbol rate, or at a multiple of the symbol rate of the lowest or the highest symbol rate users.
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公开(公告)号：US06999446B2
公开(公告)日：2006-02-14
申请号：US10039514
申请日：2001-10-26
申请人： Eric K. Hall , Thomas R. Giallorenzi , Richard B. Ertel , Lee A. Butterfield , Dan M. Griffin , Philip L. Stephenson
发明人： Eric K. Hall , Thomas R. Giallorenzi , Richard B. Ertel , Lee A. Butterfield , Dan M. Griffin , Philip L. Stephenson
IPC分类号： H04J3/24
CPC分类号： H04W16/12 , H01Q1/246 , H01Q21/205 , H04B1/707 , H04B2201/70701 , H04B2201/70703 , H04B2201/709709 , H04J13/0074 , H04L1/0003 , H04L1/0009 , H04W16/02
摘要： A method is disclosed for operating a wireless communications system, such as a DS-CDMA communications system, by transmitting a waveform that includes a plurality of repeating frames each having x header training base symbols in a header training symbol field (TH) and y tail training base symbols in a tail training symbol field (TT). The frame is received and functions as one of a plurality of different types of frames depending on the content of at least TT. In the preferred embodiment the frame functions as one of a normal traffic frame, a termination frame, or a legacy frame providing backwards compatibility with another waveform. A given one of the frames includes four equal-size data fields separated by three equal-sized control fields, the header training symbol field (TH) and the tail training symbol field (TT).
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3.发明授权Code assignment algorithm for synchronous DS-CDMA links with SDMA using estimated spatial signature vectors 失效使用估计的空间特征向量与SDMA同步DS-CDMA链路的码分配算法公开(公告)号：US07050480B2
公开(公告)日：2006-05-23
申请号：US10037423
申请日：2001-10-24
CPC分类号： H04W16/12 , H01Q1/246 , H01Q3/2617 , H01Q21/205 , H04B1/707 , H04B2201/70703 , H04B2201/709709 , H04J13/0074 , H04J13/16 , H04L1/0003 , H04L1/0009 , H04W16/02
摘要： A method is disclosed for operating a synchronous space division multiple access, code division multiple access communications system. The method operates, within a coverage area of a base station (BS) or radio base unit (RBU) having a multi-element antenna array, for estimating a SSV for individual ones of a plurality of active subscriber stations (SSs) and assigns a spreading code to a subscriber station (SS) that minimizes the similarity of the determined SSVs of the SSs in a spreading code set. A metric used to measure the similarity of the spatial signature vectors of the SSs comprises the squared sum of the inner products of same code SSs' SSV with a current SS's SSV. The step of assigning includes calculating the magnitude of the squared inner product of the SSVs of all pairs of active SSs; using the calculated values for determining ξn(c) for each spreading code that is not already used some specified maximum number of times; and assigning to a SS the spreading code with a minimum ξn(c).
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于操作同步空分多址，码分多址通信系统的方法。 该方法在具有多元天线阵列的基站（BS）或无线电基站单元（RBU）的覆盖区域内操作，用于估计多个活动用户站（SS）中的各个SSV的SSV，并分配 将扩展码扩展到用户站（SS），其最小化所确定的扩展码组中的SS的SSV的相似度。 用于测量SS的空间签名矢量的相似性的度量包括相同代码SSs SSV与当前SS的SSV的内积的平方和。 分配步骤包括计算所有活动SS对的SSV的平均内积的大小; 对于尚未使用的每个扩展码使用计算值来确定xi
（c）一些指定的最大次数; 并且向SS分配具有最小xi （c）的扩展码。 -
公开(公告)号：US07031290B2
公开(公告)日：2006-04-18
申请号：US10037420
申请日：2001-10-24
IPC分类号： H04B7/216
CPC分类号： H04W16/12 , H01Q1/246 , H01Q3/26 , H01Q21/205 , H04B2201/70703 , H04B2201/709709 , H04J13/0074 , H04J13/16 , H04L1/0003 , H04L1/0009 , H04W16/02 , Y02D70/142 , Y02D70/146 , Y02D70/168 , Y02D70/23
摘要： A method is disclosed for operating a synchronous space division multiple access, code division multiple access communications system. The method operates, within a coverage area of a base station (BS) or radio base unit (RBU) having a multi-element antenna array, to assign spreading codes to users. The method estimates a spatial signature vector (SSV) for a current subscriber station; uses the estimated SSV as a weight vector when determining the output power that is correlated with each of a plurality of spreading code sequences and assigns a spreading code to the current subscriber station that is determined to have the minimum output power. The step of determining the output power includes steering a beamformer toward the current subscriber station by setting the weight vector equal to the SSV, and also determines the average squared value of the antenna array output that has been despread using a code i. The multi-element antenna array has M elements, and the step of determining the output power operates an M-branch receiver to despread a signal received on each element with a spreading code i, to accumulate the despread signal over a symbol duration, to scale the accumulated signal by the weight vector, to sum all of the scaled values and to square the result, and to average the squared result over R samples to determine the output power for code i for the current subscriber station. R may have a value in the range of about 16 symbols to about 64 symbols, and may be fixed or variable.
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5.发明授权Methods and apparatus implementing short and long code channel overlay for fast acquistion of long PN codes in spread spectrum communications systems 有权实现短码和长码信道覆盖的方法和装置，用于在扩频通信系统中快速获取长PN码公开(公告)号：US07701996B1
公开(公告)日：2010-04-20
申请号：US11259336
申请日：2005-10-25
IPC分类号： H04B1/69
CPC分类号： H04B1/7075 , H04B2201/70715
摘要： The present invention concerns methods and apparatus for use in a spread spectrum communications system. In particular, in a method of the present invention information useful for acquiring a target signal is selected; the information is incorporated in an acquisition signal; the acquisition signal is transmitted; the target signal is spread with a spreading code; and the target signal is transmitted. At a receiving node, the acquisition information useful for acquiring the target signal is recovered from the acquisition signal and used to acquire the target signal. Apparatus in accordance with the present invention implement methods of the present invention. The methods and apparatus of the present invention can be used in node- and network-discovery situations.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及在扩频通信系统中使用的方法和装置。 特别地，在本发明的方法中，选择用于获取目标信号的信息; 信息被并入采集信号中; 发送采集信号; 目标信号用扩展码扩展; 并发送目标信号。 在接收节点，从采集信号中恢复获取目标信号有用的获取信息，并用于获取目标信号。 根据本发明的装置实现本发明的方法。 本发明的方法和装置可用于节点和网络发现情况。
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6.发明授权Method and apparatus to initiate communications between an unknown node and an existing secure network 有权启动未知节点与现有安全网络之间的通信的方法和装置公开(公告)号：US07609751B1
公开(公告)日：2009-10-27
申请号：US11136783
申请日：2005-05-24
IPC分类号： H04B1/00
CPC分类号： H04B1/7087 , H04B1/7075
摘要： A first node initiating communications with a second node already in a secure network sends a discovery burst having a preamble portion and a payload portion. The preamble portion is sent at a varying frequency between high and low thresholds that are reflective of Doppler uncertainty between the nodes. The second node continuously listens at a frequency, termed an acquisition frequency. A data sequence in the preamble portion, known to the second node, is received and used to determine the receive instant in the preamble portion, and thereby compare against the known frequency ramp to determine the frequency at which the payload portion will be received. Preferably, the first node varies the preamble portion between thresholds more than once within the time span of a single preamble portion, and the preamble and payload portions are spread with different spreading codes. The preamble portion may also be disguised with noise generated by the first node.
摘要翻译： 发起与已经在安全网络中的第二节点的通信的第一节点发送具有前导码部分和有效载荷部分的发现脉冲串。 前导码部分以反映节点之间的多普勒不确定性的高阈值和低阈值之间的变化频率发送。 第二个节点连续以一个频率收听，称为采集频率。 在第二节点已知的前同步码部分中的数据序列被接收并用于确定前同步码部分中的接收时刻，从而与已知的频率斜坡进行比较，以确定有效负载部分将被接收的频率。 优选地，第一节点在单个前导码部分的时间跨度内多于一次地改变阈值之间的前导码部分，并且前导码和有效载荷部分以不同的扩展码扩展。 前同步码部分也可以伪装成由第一节点产生的噪声。
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7.发明授权Method and apparatus for efficient carrier bin search for a composite spreading code 有权用于复合扩展码的有效载波箱搜索的方法和装置公开(公告)号：US07436878B1
公开(公告)日：2008-10-14
申请号：US11136943
申请日：2005-05-24
申请人： Johnny M. Harris , Samuel C. Kingston , Thomas R. Giallorenzi , Eric K. Hall , Richard B. Ertel
发明人： Johnny M. Harris , Samuel C. Kingston , Thomas R. Giallorenzi , Eric K. Hall , Richard B. Ertel
IPC分类号： H04L27/30
CPC分类号： H04L27/0014 , H04B1/70752 , H04B1/7087 , H04B1/7093 , H04L2027/0065
摘要： A matched filter decorrelator is described for efficiently performing a carrier frequency search while despreading a P/N long code constructed from two or more constituent codes such as codes A, B, C. The received signal is phase rotated into a frequency bin and partially despread, preferably over all but one of the constituent codes. To despread the final constituent code, the partially despread signal is input in parallel into frequency bins, where a phase rotator sets each input to a different bin. The frequency bins are then despread in parallel over the final constituent code, and an energy peak in one accumulator indicates which bin is the carrier frequency. Alternatively, a Fourier transform could be used over each of the frequency bins. By partially despreading prior to division into carrier frequency bins, hardware and computational burden are reduced as compared to prior art decorrelators. The present invention is particularly apt for use with an acquisition burst in a secure network.
摘要翻译： 描述了匹配滤波器去相关器，用于有效地执行载波频率搜索，同时对从诸如码A，B，C的两个或更多个成分码构成的P / N长码进行解扩。所接收的信号被相位旋转到频率仓并部分解扩 ，优选除了一个组成代码之外。 为了对最终的组成码进行解扩，部分解扩信号被并行地输入到频率仓中，其中相位旋转器将每个输入设置到不同的仓。 然后，频率仓在最终组成码上并行地解扩，并且一个累加器中的能量峰值指示哪个bin是载波频率。 或者，可以在每个频率仓上使用傅里叶变换。 通过在划分为载波频率仓之前进行部分解扩，与现有技术的去相关器相比，硬件和计算负担减小。 本发明特别适用于安全网络中的采集突发。
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公开(公告)号：US07760697B1
公开(公告)日：2010-07-20
申请号：US11136789
申请日：2005-05-24
CPC分类号： H04B7/18504 , H04B1/74
摘要： A first node seeking entry into a secure spread spectrum communications network sends a discovery burst at a low rate, and sends traffic bursts at a higher rate to exchange data rate for range. A receiving node receives discovery bursts via an omni-directional link and transmits and receives traffic bursts via directional links. As a node within the network detects a fading signal, it transmits a discovery burst at low rate on both its uplink and downlink channels. Other nodes may reply via the original uplink channel, and the fading node updates a list of candidate nodes through which it can relay through the network to its intended recipient by reversing the link direction of its original uplink and original downlink channels.
摘要翻译： 寻求进入安全扩频通信网络的第一节点以低速率发送发现突发，并以更高的速率发送业务突发以交换范围的数据速率。 接收节点通过全向链路接收发现突发，并通过定向链路发送和接收业务突发。 由于网络内的一个节点检测到衰落信号，所以它在其上行链路和下行链路信道上都以低速率传输发现突发。 其他节点可以通过原始上行链路信道进行应答，并且衰落节点通过反转其原始上行链路和原始下行链路信道的链路方向来更新其可以通过网络中继到其预期接收者的候选节点的列表。
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9.发明授权Method and apparatus for generating non-recursive variable rate orthogonal spreading codes 有权用于生成非递归可变速率正交扩展码的方法和装置公开(公告)号：US07609749B1
公开(公告)日：2009-10-27
申请号：US12080131
申请日：2008-03-31
IPC分类号： H04B1/00
CPC分类号： H04J13/0044 , H04J13/12
摘要： A method for constructing and selecting non-recursive orthogonal variable spreading factor (OVSF) codes is provided. The method includes: defining a variable B=SFmax/SFmin, where SFmax is a maximum desired spreading factor and SFmin is a minimum desired spreading factor; forming B unique base matrices Gk of dimension SFmin×SFmin, where GiGiT=SFminImin ∀i, where T denotes a matrix transpose and Imin is an SFmin×SFmin identity matrix; forming a modulation matrix M of dimension B×B such that MMT=BIB, where IB is a B×B identity matrix; forming an SFmax×SFmax orthogonal variable spread factor (OVSF) code matrix C′ as: C ′ = [ M 1 , 1 · G 1 M 1 , 2 · G 2 … M 1 , B · G B M 2 , 1 · G 1 M 2 , 2 · G 2 … M 2 , B · G B ⋮ ⋮ ⋰ ⋮ M B , 1 · G 1 M B , 2 · G 2 … M B , B · G B ] , where Mi,j is a scalar from the i-th row and j-th column of the modulation matrix M, Gl . . . GB is the k-th base matrix Gk and Mi,j·Gk denotes the multiplication of the elements of Gk by the scalar Mi,j; selecting a row of the OVSF code matrix C′ to use as a pseudo-noise (PN) code; and one of spreading or despreading a signal using the selected PN code.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于构造和选择非递归正交可变扩展因子（OVSF）码的方法。 该方法包括：定义变量B = SFmax / SFmin，其中SFmax是最大期望扩频因子，SFmin是最小期望扩频因子; 形成尺寸为SFminxSFmin的B唯一基本矩阵Gk，其中GiGiT = SFminImin∀i，其中T表示矩阵转置，Imin是SFminxSFmin单位矩阵; 形成尺寸为BxB的调制矩阵M，使得MMT = BIB，其中IB是BxB单位矩阵; 形成SFmaxxSFmax正交可变扩展因子（OVSF）码矩阵C'为：C'= [M 1， G 1 M 1,2， G 2 ... M 1，B。 G B M 2，1。 G 1 M 2，2。 G 2 ... M 2，B。 B，⋮⋮⋰⋮M B，1。 G 1 M B，2。 G 2 ... M B，B。 G B]，其中Mi，j是从调制矩阵M，G1的第i行和第j列的标量。 。 。 GB是第k个基本矩阵Gk和Mi，j.Gk表示Gk的元素乘以标量Mi，j; 选择一行OVSF码矩阵C'以用作伪噪声（PN）码; 以及使用所选PN码扩展或解扩信号的一个。
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10.发明授权Efficient circular clipping implementation using simplified CORDIC rotators 有权使用简化的CORDIC旋转器实现高效的圆截距实现公开(公告)号：US07545878B1
公开(公告)日：2009-06-09
申请号：US10608374
申请日：2003-06-26
IPC分类号： H04B15/00
CPC分类号： G06F7/4818
摘要： A system for the efficient use of CORDIC rotators is provided. The system includes at least one first rotator operating in vector mode and includes a sign storage buffer. The system also includes at least one bit inverter coupled between the first rotator and a second rotator, the second rotator operating in rotation mode.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种有效利用CORDIC转子的系统。 该系统包括至少一个以向量模式操作的第一旋转器，并且包括符号存储缓冲器。 该系统还包括耦合在第一旋转器和第二旋转器之间的至少一个位逆变器，第二旋转器以旋转模式操作。
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