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    Minimum protrusion mechanically beam steered aircraft array antenna systems
    1.
    发明授权
    Minimum protrusion mechanically beam steered aircraft array antenna systems 有权
    最小突出机械梁转向飞机阵列天线系统

    公开(公告)号：US06259415B1

    公开(公告)日：2001-07-10

    申请号：US09350449

    申请日：1999-07-09

    申请人： Richard J. Kumpfbeck ,  John F. Pedersen ,  Joseph T. Merenda

    发明人： Richard J. Kumpfbeck ,  John F. Pedersen ,  Joseph T. Merenda

    IPC分类号： H01Q308

    CPC分类号： H01Q3/08 ,  H01Q3/26 ,  H01Q13/10

    摘要： Low-protrusion array antennas enable reception of satellite signals by airliners in flight. Prior systems using a beam normal to an array face required a 70° array tilt for reception from a satellite at 20° elevation (i.e., tilt angle is complementary angle (90°−&bgr;) of satellite angle (&bgr;) of elevation). Compared to that 70° array tilt for reception from a satellite at 20° elevation, disclosed antennas require an array tilt of only 25° (90°−&bgr;−&agr;=25°). This is accomplished by providing a beam at a fixed acute angle (&agr;) to the array face (e.g. 45 degrees). A side-by-side linear array 16 of slotted waveguide radiator columns 18 provides a pencil beam at a fixed acute angle of 45° to array aperture, for example. By action of tilting motor 42 to mechanically tilt the array of slotted waveguides over a range of ±25° from horizontal, the beam can be scanned from 20° elevation to 70° elevation. Azimuth rotator motor 30 provides 360° beam pointing in azimuth. A television satellite can thus be tracked by an aircraft mounted antenna with only about a 5 inch above-fuselage protrusion.

    摘要翻译： 低突起阵列天线使航空公司能够接收卫星信号。 使用垂直于阵列面的光束的现有系统需要70°阵列倾斜以从20°仰角的卫星接收（即，倾角是仰角的卫星角度（β）的互补角（90°-β））。 与20°仰角的卫星接收的70°阵列倾斜相比，所公开的天线需要仅25°（90°-β-α= 25°）的阵列倾斜。 这是通过以阵列面的固定锐角（α）提供光束（例如45度）来实现的。 开槽波导散热器列18的并排线性阵列16例如提供与阵列孔径成45°的固定锐角的笔形束。 通过倾斜马达42的作用，将开槽波导阵列在与水平方向±25°的范围内机械倾斜，梁可以从20°仰角扫描到70°高度。 方位旋转电机30提供360°光束指向方位角。 因此，电视卫星可以由飞机安装的天线跟踪，只有大约5英寸的机身突起。

    Switchable length whip antenna
    2.
    发明授权
    Switchable length whip antenna 失效
    可切换长度鞭状天线

    公开(公告)号：US06686892B1

    公开(公告)日：2004-02-03

    申请号：US10134198

    申请日：2002-04-26

    申请人： Alfred R. Lopez ,  John F. Pedersen ,  Joseph T. Merenda

    发明人： Alfred R. Lopez ,  John F. Pedersen ,  Joseph T. Merenda

    IPC分类号： H01Q124

    CPC分类号： H01Q9/14 ,  H01Q1/246 ,  H01Q9/16 ,  H01Q9/30

    摘要： A whip antenna with switchable operative length provides seven band coverage from 30 to 90 MHZ. A coaxial choke section below a fixed upper antenna element is used for the highest frequency band. A series of four coaxial line sections are switchably coupled below the choke section to increase its operative length for operation in bands of successively lower frequency. One or more lumped constant non-coaxial transmission line sections are switchably coupled below the coaxial line sections for operation in the two lowest frequency bands. Dipole level gain is provided with low reflections loss. Increased height gain is provided by height of operative antenna elements employed at higher frequency bands.

    摘要翻译： 具有可切换操作长度的鞭状天线提供30至90MHz的七频带覆盖。 在固定的上天线元件下面的同轴扼流圈用于最高频带。 一系列四个同轴线路部分可切换地耦合在扼流部分下方，以增加其工作长度，以在连续较低频率的频带内工作。 一个或多个集总常数的非同轴传输线部分可切换地耦合在同轴线路部分下方，用于在两个最低频带中操作。 偶极子电平增益具有低反射损耗。 增加的高度增益由在较高频带使用的操作天线元件的高度提供。

    Two wire adaptive system for interconnecting a four wire thermostat and a four wire, heating/cooling system
    4.
    发明授权
    Two wire adaptive system for interconnecting a four wire thermostat and a four wire, heating/cooling system 失效
    用于互连四线恒温器和四线加热/冷却系统的双线自适应系统

    公开(公告)号：US4889179A

    公开(公告)日：1989-12-26

    申请号：US125167

    申请日：1987-11-25

    申请人： Joseph T. Merenda

    发明人： Joseph T. Merenda

    IPC分类号： G05D23/275

    CPC分类号： G05D23/275 ,  G05D23/1905

    摘要： An apparatus for interconnecting a four wire control such as a thermostat and a four wire system such as a heating/cooling system with two wires. An encoder encodes signals provided by the thermostat so that four encoded signals may be transmitted over a two wire system. The apparatus includes inductors which are selectively connected to the thermostat thereby providing varying signals which can be delivered over the two wires between the thermostat and the system.

    摘要翻译： 一种用于将诸如恒温器的四线控制器和诸如具有两根电线的加热/冷却系统的四线制系统相互连接的装置。 编码器对由恒温器提供的信号进行编码，使得四个编码信号可以通过双线系统传输。 该装置包括选择性地连接到恒温器的电感器，从而提供可以在恒温器和系统之间的两条导线上传送的变化的信号。

    Radiation synthesizer feed configurations
    5.
    发明授权
    Radiation synthesizer feed configurations 失效
    辐射合成器进料配置

    公开(公告)号：US06606063B1

    公开(公告)日：2003-08-12

    申请号：US10084000

    申请日：2002-02-26

    申请人： Joseph T. Merenda

    发明人： Joseph T. Merenda

    IPC分类号： H01Q126

    CPC分类号： H01Q9/14 ,  H01Q1/38 ,  H01Q7/005

    摘要： Radiation synthesizer systems provide efficient wideband operation with an antenna, such as a loop, which is small relative to operating wavelength. Energy dissipation is substantially reduced by cycling energy back and forth between a high-Q radiator and a storage capacitance. Systems using multi-segment loop antennas match antenna input impedance to switching circuit parameters. Control signal feeds employ fiber-optic cables and reduce conductive paths. Multi-voltage DC supply configurations use parallel conductor portions of antenna loop segments and reduce the need for separate DC supply conductors. Spurious conductive loops are thereby reduced and lightweight, flexible antenna constructions are enabled.

    摘要翻译： 辐射合成器系统使用诸如环路的天线（相对于工作波长较小）来提供有效的宽带操作。 通过在高Q散热器和存储电容之间来回循环能量，能量消耗被大大降低。 使用多段环路天线的系统将天线输入阻抗与开关电路参数相匹配。 控制信号馈送采用光纤电缆并减少导电路径。 多电压直流电源配置使用天线环路段的并行导体部分，并减少对单独的直流电源导体的需要。 因此，杂散导电环路减少，重量轻，灵活的天线结构启用。

    Synthesizer radiating systems and methods
    6.
    发明授权
    Synthesizer radiating systems and methods 失效
    合成器辐射系统和方法

    公开(公告)号：US5402133A

    公开(公告)日：1995-03-28

    申请号：US891345

    申请日：1992-05-29

    申请人： Joseph T. Merenda

    发明人： Joseph T. Merenda

    IPC分类号： H01Q1/26

    CPC分类号： H01Q1/26

    摘要： Synthesizer radiating systems providing efficient wideband operation incorporate a radiating element (20a), such as a loop, dipole or whip, which has dimensions which are small relative to wavelength in the radiated frequency band. Energy dissipation is substantially reduced by cycling stored energy back and forth between a radiating element (20a) having a first reactance and a storage element (22a) having the same or opposite reactance, in order to achieve energy efficiency along the lines of a narrowband tuned-circuit antenna. Wideband operation is achieved by synthesizing a representation of an input waveform (at 28) by actively controlling (30) solid-state switching devices (24), responsive to rate control and direction control parameters, which are interactive with the energy transferred between the opposite reactances. Higher efficiencies are achieved by bipolar circuits providing separate positive and negative energy transfer paths between a radiating element and a storage element. Systems as described provide relatively high radiated power levels with broadband operation and reduced power supply requirements, permitting provision of readily transportable units with small antennas for applications in which combinations of size, radiated power, bandwidth, power use and mobility are important.

    摘要翻译： 提供高效宽带操作的合成器辐射系统包括辐射元件（20a），例如环路，偶极子或鞭状物，其尺寸相对于辐射频带中的波长较小。 通过在具有第一电抗的辐射元件（20a）和具有相同或相反电抗的存储元件（22a）之间来回循环存储的能量来大大减少能量耗散，以便沿着窄带调谐的线路实现能量效率 电路天线。 通过根据速率控制和方向控制参数主动控制（30）固态开关装置（24）来合成输入波形（在28）的表示来实现宽带操作，该速率控制和方向控制参数与在相反 电抗 通过在辐射元件和存储元件之间提供单独的正和负能量传递路径的双极电路实现更高的效率。 如上所述的系统提供具有宽带操作和降低的电源需求的相对较高的辐射功率电平，允许为其中具有尺寸，辐射功率，带宽，功率使用和移动性的组合是重要的应用提供具有小天线的易于携带的单元。

    Slot array antennas
    7.
    发明授权
    Slot array antennas 失效
    插槽阵列天线

    公开(公告)号：US5596337A

    公开(公告)日：1997-01-21

    申请号：US515796

    申请日：1995-08-16

    申请人： Joseph T. Merenda

    发明人： Joseph T. Merenda

    IPC分类号： H01Q21/00 ,  H01Q21/08 ,  H01Q13/10

    CPC分类号： H01Q21/0075 ,  H01Q21/08

    摘要： Simplified, high reliability slot array antennas are usable in cellular communication systems. In a flat panel form, an antenna includes a slot array with simplified feed enclosed within a back panel and a front radome structure. Use of a simplified feed, consisting of a vertical aluminum rod dielectrically spaced from an aluminum sheet including a vertical array of horizontally aligned slot openings, is made possible by horizontal slot offsets. With a linear feed rod, signal coupling to each slot in series is determined by the horizontal location of each slot relative to the feed rod. With a capacitive input coupling, there are no electrical contacts or connections in the internal feed path which may cause intermodulation effects. With a grounded aluminum array sheet and case construction, and capacitively-coupled feed, the antenna is resistant to lightning strikes. Antenna models with different beam tilts merely require substitution of an aluminum array sheet with different slot configurations punched therein. Narrower azimuth beamwidths are provided by use of multiple slot arrays and multiple beam antennas are adaptable to use of beam forming networks and active antenna beam steering and nulling techniques.

    摘要翻译： 简化的高可靠性插槽阵列天线可用于蜂窝通信系统。 在平板形式中，天线包括具有封闭在后面板和前部天线罩结构内的简化进料的槽阵列。 使用由垂直铝杆组成的简化进料，其由与包括垂直排列的水平对齐的槽口的铝板介电隔开，由水平槽偏移成为可能。 使用线性进给杆，每个狭槽相对于进给杆的水平位置决定了与每个槽串联的信号耦合。 通过电容式输入耦合，内部馈电路径中不存在电触点或连接，这可能导致互调效应。 使用接地的铝合金阵列板和外壳结构以及电容耦合馈电，天线能够抵抗雷击。 具有不同波束倾斜的天线模型仅需要替换其中冲压不同的槽配置的铝阵列片。 通过使用多个时隙阵列提供较窄的方位波束宽度，并且多个波束天线适用于使用波束形成网络和有源天线波束导向和归零技术。

    Radiation synthesizer receive and transmit systems
    8.
    发明授权
    Radiation synthesizer receive and transmit systems 失效
    辐射合成器接收和发射系统

    公开(公告)号：US06614403B1

    公开(公告)日：2003-09-02

    申请号：US10114102

    申请日：2002-04-01

    申请人： Joseph T. Merenda

    发明人： Joseph T. Merenda

    IPC分类号： H01Q1112

    CPC分类号： H02M3/158 ,  H01Q7/00 ,  H02M2003/1555 ,  H04B1/30

    摘要： Radiation synthesizer systems provide efficient wideband operation with an antenna, such as a loop, which is small relative to operating wavelength. Energy dissipation is substantially reduced by cycling energy back and forth between a high-Q radiator and a storage capacitance under control of a switching circuit. In addition to transmit operation using an energy source such as a battery, by reciprocity receive systems deliver received signals to an output device, such as a speaker or other audio or visual transducer device. By efficient direct processing, via controlled activation of switch devices of switch modules, incident RF signals are converted to baseband signals. Commercial type AM receivers may be provided without IF processing and detection or analog filters.

    摘要翻译： 辐射合成器系统使用诸如环路的天线（相对于工作波长较小）来提供有效的宽带操作。 在开关电路的控制下，通过在高Q散热器和存储电容之间来回循环能量，能量消耗大大降低。 除了使用诸如电池的能量源的发射操作之外，通过互易接收系统将接收的信号传送到诸如扬声器或其它音频或视觉换能器设备的输出设备。 通过有效的直接处理，通过开关模块的开关装置的受控激活，入射的RF信号被转换成基带信号。 可以提供商业型AM接收机，而不需要IF处理和检测或模拟滤波器。

    Radiation synthesizer systems and methods
    9.
    发明授权
    Radiation synthesizer systems and methods 有权
    辐射综合器系统和方法

    公开(公告)号：US06229494B1

    公开(公告)日：2001-05-08

    申请号：US09507985

    申请日：2000-02-18

    申请人： Joseph T. Merenda

    发明人： Joseph T. Merenda

    IPC分类号： H01Q126

    CPC分类号： H01Q1/273 ,  H01Q7/00 ,  H01Q7/005

    摘要： Synthesizer radiating systems provide efficient wideband operation with an antenna, such as a loop, which is small relative to operating wavelength. Energy dissipation is substantially reduced by cycling energy back and forth between a high-Q radiator and a storage capacitor. Wideband operation is achieved by actively controlling power switch devices. Dissipation is further reduced during high speed switching by use of sequential switching methods to avoid dissipation of energy capacitively stored in switch capacitances, including switch control circuit capacitance. Systems using multi-segment loop antennas are arranged to match antenna input impedance to switching circuit parameters. Personal transmit/receive systems mounted on a jacket or other clothing for field use are enabled.

    摘要翻译： 合成器辐射系统使用诸如环路的天线（其相对于工作波长较小）来提供有效的宽带操作。 通过在高Q散热器和存储电容器之间来回循环能量，能量消耗显着降低。 通过主动控制电源开关器件实现宽带操作。 在高速切换期间通过使用顺序切换方法进一步降低耗散，以避免电容性存储在开关电容中的能量消耗，包括开关控制电路电容。 布置使用多段环路天线的系统将天线输入阻抗与开关电路参数相匹配。 安装在外套或其他服装上的个人发射/接收系统可用于现场使用。