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公开(公告)号：US5151707A
公开(公告)日：1992-09-29
申请号：US636752
申请日：1991-01-02
CPC分类号： H01Q1/287 , H01Q1/528 , H01Q19/021 , H01Q19/17
摘要： An antenna comprising a linear array of active elements positioned in one or more rows. The back portion of the array is partially enveloped by a reflector. The reflector includes a backwall and at least one sidewall perpendicular to the backwall and extending forward of the backwall. In one embodiment of the invention, a single row of dipole radiators form the linear array. In a second embodiment of the invention, a row of folded monopoles mounted on an imaging ground plane form the linear array. The radiation pattern is directed forward of the reflector, the back radiation in the E-plane being suppressed by the sidewall of the reflector.
摘要翻译： 一种天线，包括定位在一行或多行中的有源元件的线性阵列。 阵列的后部部分被反射器包围。 反射器包括后壁和垂直于后壁并延伸到后壁的前方的至少一个侧壁。 在本发明的一个实施例中，单行偶极辐射器形成线性阵列。 在本发明的第二实施例中，安装在成像接地平面上的一排折叠单极子形成线阵列。 辐射图案被指向反射器的前方，E平面中的背面辐射被反射器的侧壁抑制。
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公开(公告)号：US5264862A
公开(公告)日：1993-11-23
申请号：US804444
申请日：1991-12-10
申请人： Richard J. Kumpfbeck
发明人： Richard J. Kumpfbeck
摘要： The need to widely separate antennas (e.g., transmit and receive antennas) for VHF radio and other applications is avoided by high-isolation antenna systems with collocated antennas and cancellation of intercoupled signals. A transmit antenna in the form of a vertical dipole can be mounted atop a mast with a receive antenna comprising a multi-element array of vertical dipoles supported on the same mast below the transmit antenna. Opposing pairs of the dipole receiving elements are located in 180.degree. positions on opposite sides of the mast so as to be symmetrically located in the omnidirectional antenna pattern of the transmit antenna. Resulting intercoupling to the receive dipoles is equal and in-phase and is cancelled out by the antiphase combining of signals from the dipoles of each pair of the receive dipoles. Reciprocally, cancellation of coupled signals is achieved with reversal of the receive and transmit functions of the respective collocated antennas. Dipole and monopole high-isolation antenna systems can also be configured on yardarms and ground planes.
摘要翻译： 通过具有并置天线的高隔离天线系统和相互耦合信号的消除来避免用于VHF无线电和其他应用的广泛分离天线（例如，发射和接收天线）的需要。 垂直偶极子形式的发射天线可以安装在桅杆顶部，接收天线包括支撑在发射天线下方的同一桅杆上的垂直偶极子的多元素阵列。 相对的偶极接收元件对位于桅杆相对侧的180°位置，以对称地位于发射天线的全向天线方向图中。 所产生的接收偶极子的相互耦合是相等和同相的，并且通过来自每对接收偶极子的偶极子的信号的反相组合被抵消。 相反地，通过相应的并置天线的接收和发射功能的反转来实现耦合信号的消除。 偶极和单极高隔离天线系统也可以在码头和接地平面上进行配置。
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公开(公告)号：US06201510B1
公开(公告)日：2001-03-13
申请号：US09358615
申请日：1999-07-21
IPC分类号： H01Q2120
CPC分类号： H01Q21/205 , H01Q9/16 , H01Q21/29
摘要： A self-contained four-dipole element provides a 360 degree phase-progressive-omnidirectional (PPO) circularly polarized antenna pattern. Via a single signal port, a PPO excitation network incorporated into the element excites the four dipoles at phases differing by successive 90 degree increments. The four-dipole element is adapted for efficiently reproducible fabrication using printed circuit techniques. Antennas employing a stack of the elements provide a hemispherical antenna pattern with PPO circular polarization and a sharp cutoff below horizontal. For GPS reception in Differential GPS aircraft landing applications, a 21 element antenna provides multipath suppression and a unitary phase center enabling avoidance of signal phase discrepancies. More or fewer elements may be employed in other applications.
摘要翻译： 独立的四极元件提供360度相位逐行全向（PPO）圆极化天线图案。 通过单个信号端口，并入该元件的PPO激励网络以相差90度增量的相位激发四个偶极子。 四偶极子元件适于使用印刷电路技术有效地再现制造。 采用堆叠的元件的天线提供具有PPO圆极化的半球形天线图案和低于水平的尖锐截止。 对于差分GPS飞机着陆应用中的GPS接收，21元天线提供多径抑制和单一相位中心，可避免信号相位差异。 在其他应用中可以使用更多或更少的元件。
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公开(公告)号：US5742258A
公开(公告)日：1998-04-21
申请号：US518059
申请日：1995-08-22
申请人： Richard J. Kumpfbeck , Gary Schay
发明人： Richard J. Kumpfbeck , Gary Schay
CPC分类号： H01Q21/08 , H01Q1/246 , H01Q21/0075 , H01Q5/49
摘要： A dipole array antenna is configured for improved cellular operation by avoidance of metallic contacts which can lead to generation of intermodulation products (IMP). Isolated rectangular dipole radiators 12-17 are electromagnetically excited by perpendicularly aligned non-contacting exciter resonators 40-45. The rectangular exciter resonators 40-45 are integrally formed with microstrip signal distribution feed 18 supported above a ground plane 22. A non-contact RF grounded termination for the outer conductor of coaxial input line 52 uses a quarter-wave microstrip line section 56 to provide a low impedance RF path to ground to avoid IMP. An RF-isolated DC grounding circuit for surge protection includes a parallel combination of quarter-wave line sections 62 and 66. Line section 66 provides an RF open circuit path to a DC grounding post 67. Line section 62 provides a parallel non-contact low impedance RF path to ground, avoiding IMP from flow of an RF current through pressure contact points at post 67. The low impedance RF path to ground through line section 62 is isolated from the signal distribution line 18b of the antenna by the RF open circuit provided by quarter-wave line section 68.
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公开(公告)号：US06831601B1
公开(公告)日：2004-12-14
申请号：US10358625
申请日：2003-02-05
IPC分类号： H01Q326
CPC分类号： H01Q21/0006 , G01S13/44 , G01S13/4409 , H01Q3/30 , H01Q21/205 , H01Q25/02
摘要： Antennas having a circular array of radiating elements are arranged to enable continuous 360 degree scanning of a sum and difference beam pattern. With a 108 element circular array, a sub array of 27 contiguous elements may be step scanned to 108 positions while maintaining sum and difference antenna patterns. Each scan step may require only two switch adjustments, one to initiate excitation of a contiguous leading element and terminate excitation of the trailing element, and the other to change coupling of a middle element from a divided power port of a left power divider to such a port of a right power divider. Configurations using sub arrays whose element complement is not evenly divisible into the total number of array elements, using sub arrays consisting of an odd number of radiating elements, or employing minimized feed network complexity are disclosed.
摘要翻译： 具有圆形阵列的辐射元件的天线布置成能够对和和波束图案进行连续的360度扫描。 使用108元件圆形阵列，可以将27个连续元件的子阵列逐步扫描到108个位置，同时保持和差和差的天线方向图。 每个扫描步骤可能仅需要两个开关调整，一个用于启动邻近的引导元件的激励并终止尾随元件的激励，另一个则将中间元件从左功率分配器的分开的电源端口耦合到这样一个 右侧功率分配器的端口。 公开了使用其子元素补码不能均匀分割为阵列元素总数，使用由奇数个辐射元素组成的子阵列或采用最小化馈送网络复杂度的子阵列的配置。
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6.发明授权公开(公告)号：US06259415B1
公开(公告)日：2001-07-10
申请号：US09350449
申请日：1999-07-09
IPC分类号： H01Q308
摘要： Low-protrusion array antennas enable reception of satellite signals by airliners in flight. Prior systems using a beam normal to an array face required a 70° array tilt for reception from a satellite at 20° elevation (i.e., tilt angle is complementary angle (90°−&bgr;) of satellite angle (&bgr;) of elevation). Compared to that 70° array tilt for reception from a satellite at 20° elevation, disclosed antennas require an array tilt of only 25° (90°−&bgr;−&agr;=25°). This is accomplished by providing a beam at a fixed acute angle (&agr;) to the array face (e.g. 45 degrees). A side-by-side linear array 16 of slotted waveguide radiator columns 18 provides a pencil beam at a fixed acute angle of 45° to array aperture, for example. By action of tilting motor 42 to mechanically tilt the array of slotted waveguides over a range of ±25° from horizontal, the beam can be scanned from 20° elevation to 70° elevation. Azimuth rotator motor 30 provides 360° beam pointing in azimuth. A television satellite can thus be tracked by an aircraft mounted antenna with only about a 5 inch above-fuselage protrusion.
摘要翻译： 低突起阵列天线使航空公司能够接收卫星信号。 使用垂直于阵列面的光束的现有系统需要70°阵列倾斜以从20°仰角的卫星接收（即，倾角是仰角的卫星角度（β）的互补角（90°-β））。 与20°仰角的卫星接收的70°阵列倾斜相比，所公开的天线需要仅25°（90°-β-α= 25°）的阵列倾斜。 这是通过以阵列面的固定锐角（α）提供光束（例如45度）来实现的。 开槽波导散热器列18的并排线性阵列16例如提供与阵列孔径成45°的固定锐角的笔形束。 通过倾斜马达42的作用，将开槽波导阵列在与水平方向±25°的范围内机械倾斜，梁可以从20°仰角扫描到70°高度。 方位旋转电机30提供360°光束指向方位角。 因此，电视卫星可以由飞机安装的天线跟踪，只有大约5英寸的机身突起。
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公开(公告)号：US5929822A
公开(公告)日：1999-07-27
申请号：US877447
申请日：1997-06-17
申请人： Richard J. Kumpfbeck , Gary Schay
发明人： Richard J. Kumpfbeck , Gary Schay
CPC分类号： H01Q21/08 , H01Q1/246 , H01Q21/0075 , H01Q5/49
摘要： A dipole array antenna is configured for improved cellular operation by avoidance of metallic contacts which can lead to generation of intermodulation products (IMP). Isolated rectangular dipole radiators 12-17 are electromagnetically excited by perpendicularly aligned non-contacting exciter resonators 40-45. The rectangular exciter resonators 40-45 are integrally formed with microstrip signal distribution feed 18 supported above a ground plane 22. A non-contact RF grounded termination for the outer conductor of coaxial input line 52 uses a quarter-wave microstrip line section 56 to provide a low impedance RF path to ground to avoid IMP. An RF-isolated DC grounding circuit for surge protection includes a parallel combination of quarter-wave line sections 62 and 66. Line section 66 provides an RF open circuit path to a DC grounding post 67. Line section 62 provides a parallel non-contact low impedance RF path to ground, avoiding IMP from flow of an RF current through pressure contact points at post 67. The low impedance RF path to ground through line section 62 is isolated from the signal distribution line 18b of the antenna by the RF open circuit provided by quarter-wave line section 68.
摘要翻译： 偶极阵列天线被配置为通过避免可导致产生互调产物（IMP）的金属接触来改善蜂窝操作。 隔离的矩形偶极辐射器12-17由垂直对准的非接触式励磁谐振器40-45电磁激励。 矩形激励器谐振器40-45与支撑在接地平面22上的微带信号分配馈电18一体地形成。用于同轴输入线52的外导体的非接触RF接地终端使用四分之一波长的微带线部分56来提供 一个低阻抗射频路径，以避免IMP。 用于浪涌保护的RF隔离DC接地电路包括四分之一波形线段62和66的并联组合。线路段66提供到DC接地柱67的RF开路路径。线路段62提供并联的非接触低电平 阻抗RF路径到地，避免IMP流过RF电流通过柱67处的压力接触点。通过线路部分62的接地的低阻抗RF路径通过提供的RF开路与天线的信号分配线18b隔离 通过四分之一波段线段68。
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公开(公告)号：US5764195A
公开(公告)日：1998-06-09
申请号：US685812
申请日：1996-07-24
摘要： A multifunction antenna system is selectively operative over the UHF and VHF frequency ranges using a novel arrangement of symmetrically disposed phased radiating elements that function as a dipole turnstile type array at UHF and as a monopole at VHF. At VHF the UHF radiating elements and feedlines are fed in parallel against ground to produce a pattern similar to that of a short vertical monopole. VHF and UHF coupling networks offer low VSWR and minimize circuit losses when utilized with a folded dipole array. The compact, lightweight structure is adaptable to oceanic communications by installing in a towed radome adapted for water flotation, and provides low angle hemispherical UHF radiation without pattern switching, with the water surface providing a reflective ground plane.
摘要翻译： 多功能天线系统可选择性地在UHF和VHF频率范围上操作，使用对称布置的相位放射元件的新型布置，其在UHF下作为偶极旋转门型阵列，并且作为VHF上的单极子。 在VHF下，UHF辐射元件和馈线平行地馈入地面以产生类似于垂直垂直单极子的图案。 VHF和UHF耦合网络提供低VSWR，并且在与折叠偶极子阵列一起使用时最小化电路损耗。 紧凑轻巧的结构适用于通过安装在适于浮选的拖曳天线罩中的海洋通信，并且提供低角度半球形UHF辐射而不进行图案切换，水面提供反射式接地平面。
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公开(公告)号：US06618016B1
公开(公告)日：2003-09-09
申请号：US09789467
申请日：2001-02-21
IPC分类号： H01Q128
摘要： A compact aircraft antenna for reception of GPS signals includes eight elements to provide eight antenna patterns usable for anti-jam signal processing. Four bent monopole elements are configured with vertical portions and horizontal inward-extending portions. The bent monopole elements are arranged for multimode excitation to provide a primary progressive phase omnidirectional right-hand circularly-polarized antenna pattern for basic signal GPS signal reception. Multimode excitation of the bent monopoles also provides omnidirectional left-hand circularly-polarized, uniform phase omnidirectional, and clover leaf auxiliary antenna patterns. Four individual slot element figure-eight type auxiliary antenna patterns are also provided. With availability of these primary and auxiliary patterns, adaptive type anti-jam processing can be employed to actively provide reduced-gain antenna pattern notches or nulls at incident angles of interference or jamming signals.
摘要翻译： 用于接收GPS信号的紧凑型飞机天线包括八个元件，以提供可用于抗干扰信号处理的八个天线方向图。 四个弯曲单极元件构造有垂直部分和水平向内延伸部分。 弯曲的单极子元件被布置用于多模激励，以提供用于基本信号GPS信号接收的初级逐行相位全向右旋圆极化天线方向图。 弯曲单极子的多模激发还提供全方向的左旋圆极化，均匀相位全向和三叶草辅助天线方向图。 还提供了四个单独的槽元件图八型辅助天线图案。 利用这些主要和辅助模式的可用性，可以采用自适应型抗干扰处理来在干扰或干扰信号的入射角度主动地提供减小增益天线方向凹口或零点。
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公开(公告)号：US06229495B1
公开(公告)日：2001-05-08
申请号：US09369778
申请日：1999-08-06
IPC分类号： H01Q904
摘要： A dual-radiator whip antenna to operate over a 30 to 450 MHz frequency band includes a high frequency dipole above a low frequency monopole. The outer conductor (30) of a coaxial line is configured to operate as a monopole. Above the upper terminus of the outer conductor, an extension (32a) of the inner conductor (32) is configured as the upper arm of a dipole. An upper length of the outer conductor also functions as the lower dipole arm. With a single antenna port (13), a diplexer and other feed elements separate signals into high and low frequency bands respectively coupled to the dipole and monopole radiators. Increased high frequency range results from positioning of the center of radiation of the dipole above the monopole.
摘要翻译： 在30至450 MHz频带上工作的双辐射鞭状天线包括低频单极之上的高频偶极子。 同轴线的外导体（30）构造成作为单极子工作。 在外部导体的上端之上，内部导体（32）的延伸部（32a）被构造为偶极子的上臂。 外部导体的上部长度也用作下部偶极臂。 使用单个天线端口（13），双工器和其他馈电元件将信号分离成分别耦合到偶极子和单极辐射器的高频和低频带。 增加的高频范围是由单极子上方的偶极子的辐射中心的定位产生的。
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