摘要:
Metal-metal surface contact systems in metalworking processes may be lubricated by applying thereto a composition comprising an ester, wherein the ester has a full film traction coefficient of less than about 0.05 at a pressure of about 0.5 to about 1.2 GPa, a temperature of about 50.degree. C. and a sliding velocity of about 0.5 to about 10 msec.sup.-1. The ester is represented by the general formula: ##STR1## where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 and m are set forth in the Summary of the Invention. The composition may be mixed with a solvent to form a solution or emulsified prior to application to the metallic surface.