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公开(公告)号：US4157905A
公开(公告)日：1979-06-12
申请号：US689265
申请日：1976-05-24
CPC分类号： F25J3/0295 , B01D3/166 , B01D3/32 , F25J3/0219 , F25J3/0233 , F25J3/0238 , F25J3/0242 , F25J3/0252 , F25J5/007 , F28D7/16 , F28D7/1623 , F25J2200/50 , F25J2200/80 , F25J2200/90 , F25J2210/12 , F25J2215/62 , F25J2270/90 , Y10S62/903
摘要： A novel distillation tray useful as a horizontally disposed internal for a distillation column, especially a cryogenic distillation column, has a set of parallel horizontal pipes spaced from one another to support a pool of down-flowing liquid and to provide passage of up-flowing vapor through the spaces. At each end the pipes are connected to and communicate with a manifold. A number of these trays in a vertically tiered array are connected to one another as an assembly in the column. The assembly of the trays is provided by the manifolds at the two ends of the sets of pipes. In one construction the manifold for one set of pipes has an upward vertical extension that is also one manifold of the adjacent upper tray, while the other manifold for the first set of pipes has a downward vertical extension that is also one manifold of the adjacent lower tray. In another construction the manifold at one end of a set of pipes is connected to a pipe extending upwardly to the manifold of the adjacent upper tray, while the manifold at the other end is connected to the pipe that extends upwardly from the manifold at that end of the adjacent lower tray. The manifold of the lowermost tray that is not in communication with the manifold of the tray immediately above it is connected to a pipe extending through the wall of the column. The manifold of the uppermost tray of such assembly that is not in communication with a manifold of the tray below it is connected to a pipe extending through the column wall. Alternatively, that uppermost manifold has an opening to the chamber of the column so that fluid after passage through the assembly of trays is then introduced directly into the column as a feed for the column. As a second alternative, the set of pipes of the top tray of the assembly in the stripping section of a column can be short to feed the fluid to the chamber of the column. Columns containing the assembly of the trays in the stripping section and/or rectifying section are especially useful in novel distillation systems.
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公开(公告)号：US3969450A
公开(公告)日：1976-07-13
申请号：US415524
申请日：1973-11-14
CPC分类号： F25J3/0295 , B01D3/166 , B01D3/32 , F25J3/0219 , F25J3/0233 , F25J3/0238 , F25J3/0242 , F25J3/0252 , F25J5/007 , F28D7/16 , F28D7/1623 , F25J2200/50 , F25J2200/80 , F25J2200/90 , F25J2210/12 , F25J2215/62 , F25J2270/90 , Y10S62/903
摘要： A novel distillation tray useful as a horizontally disposed internal for a distillation column, especially a cryogenic distillation column, has a set of parallel horizontal pipes spaced from one another to support a pool of down-flowing liquid and to provide passage of up-flowing vapor through the spaces. At each end the pipes are connected to and communicate with a manifold. A number of these trays in a vertically tiered array are connected to one another as an assembly in the column. The assembly of the trays is provided by the manifolds at the two ends of the sets of pipes. In one construction the manifold for one set of pipes has an upward vertical extension that is also one manifold of the adjacent upper tray, while the other manifold for the first set of pipes has a downward vertical extension that is also one manifold of the adjacent lower tray. In another construction the manifold at one end of a set of pipes is connected to a pipe extending upwardly to the manifold of the adjacent upper tray, while the manifold at the other end is connected to the pipe that extends upwardly from the manifold at that end of the adjacent lower tray. The manifold of the lowermost tray that is not in communication with the manifold of the tray immediately above it is connected to a pipe extending through the wall of the column. The manifold of the uppermost tray of such assembly that is not in communication with a manifold of the tray below it is connected to a pipe extending through the column wall. Alternatively, that uppermost manifold has an opening to the chamber of the column so that fluid after passage through the assembly of trays is then introduced directly into the column as a feed for the column. As a second alternative, the set of pipes of the top tray of the assembly in the stripping section of a column can be short to feed the fluid to the chamber of the column. Columns containing the assembly of the trays in the stripping section and/or rectifying section are especially useful in novel distillation systems.
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3.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4097544A
公开(公告)日：1978-06-27
申请号：US790329
申请日：1977-04-25
CPC分类号： F28F9/20 , F28F9/0229 , C10G2400/20 , F28D2021/0075 , Y10S585/911
摘要： A system to produce ethylene includes, in one embodiment, separately cracking a heavy hydrocarbon feed and a lighter feed, cooling the latter product in a transfer-line exchanger before admixture with the former product and cooling the mixed product in a transfer-line exchanger. Both exchangers are preferably a novel transfer-line exchanger that has a construction including a vertical tank, with a cylindrical intermediate portion and conical bottom entrance and top exit end portions, tube sheets at the top and bottom ends of the intermediate portion of the tank, vertical tubes extending between the tube sheets and in alignment with openings in the tube sheets. The tubes extend downwardly through the lower tube sheet with their ends at openings in a conical shield that is supported in the entrance conical portion of the tank by the tubes or by the conical entrance portion of the tank. The lower tube sheet has an opening to pass steam into the chamber between that sheet and the shield or steam is introduced into that chamber through the wall of the conical entrance portion of the tank and through the shield. The construction provides egress of steam from this chamber to the entrance end of the tubes below the conical shield for mixture with product to be cooled. When using the novel transfer-line exchanger, the system can provide the cooling of the product from the steam-cracking of the heavier feed without prior admixture with cooled product from the steam-cracking of lighter feed.
摘要翻译： 在一个实施方案中，生产乙烯的体系包括分开裂化重烃进料和较轻的进料，在与前一产物混合之前在转移管线交换器中冷却后者，并在转移换热器中冷却混合产物。 两种交换器优选是新型的转移线交换器，其具有包括垂直罐的结构，其具有圆柱形中间部分和锥形底部入口和顶部出口端部，罐的中间部分的顶端和底端处的管板， 垂直管在管板之间延伸并与管板中的开口对准。 管子向下延伸穿过下管板，其端部处于锥形屏蔽件的开口处，该锥形屏蔽件通过管或由罐的锥形入口部分支撑在罐的入口锥形部分中。 下管板具有一个开口，以使蒸汽通过该板和该屏蔽之间的腔室，或者蒸汽通过罐的圆锥形入口部分的壁并穿过该罩被引入该腔室。 该结构提供了从该腔室到圆锥形护罩下方的管的入口端的出口，用于与要冷却的产品混合。 当使用新的转移线交换器时，系统可以从较重的进料的蒸汽裂化提供产物的冷却，而不需要与较轻的进料的蒸汽裂化的冷却产物混合。
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公开(公告)号：US3931927A
公开(公告)日：1976-01-13
申请号：US451431
申请日：1974-03-15
CPC分类号： B04B1/06 , B04B1/04 , B04B11/06 , B04B5/08 , Y10S494/90
摘要： A centrifuge, for separating a fluid feed into two fluids, includes a rotor shaft and a rotor housing within which is a set of concentric, equal spaced cylindrical shells providing elongated annular chambers for parallel flows of fluid. Distributor means extends radially from the shaft within one end housing portion to furnish fluid separately to the chambers. One collector means to receive one separated fluid extends radially from the shaft within the other end housing portion to communicate with the chambers. A second collector means is located preferably at the same transverse plane passing through the shaft by using radially extending walls within that end portion of the housing to divide it into a number of pie-shaped chambers, each having an outlet adjacent the shaft. Each collector means includes some of these pie-shaped chambers. In the broadest construction the total area of a set of openings of the distributor means (or of one of the collector means when appropriate) communicating with a specific annular chamber is proportional to a value between about the third power and about the fourth power of the average radius of the annular chamber. There are outlet pipes communicating with the two collector means and one of the pipes is valved to control the volume ratio of removed fluids.
摘要翻译： 用于将流体进料分离成两种流体的离心机包括转子轴和转子壳体，转子壳体内是一组同心的等间隔的圆柱形壳体，为平行流体流提供细长的环形室。 分配器装置在一个端部壳体部分内从轴径向延伸，以将流体分开地提供到腔室。 一个收集器装置用于接收一个分离的流体，其在另一端壳体部分内从轴径向延伸以与腔室连通。 第二收集器装置优选地位于穿过轴的相同横向平面处，其通过使用在壳体的该端部内的径向延伸的壁将其分成多个饼形室，每个饼形腔具有邻近轴的出口。 每个收集器装置包括这些饼状室中的一些。 在最宽的结构中，与特定环形室连通的分配器装置（或适当的收集器装置之一）的一组开口的总面积与大约第三功率和大约第四功率之间的值成比例 环形室的平均半径。 存在与两个收集器装置连通的出口管，并且其中一个管被阀门控制以去除流体的体积比。
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