公开(公告)号：US5009968A

公开(公告)日：1991-04-23

申请号：US405251

申请日：1989-09-08

申请人： Robin J. Guthrie ,  Murray Katz ,  Craig R. Schroll

发明人： Robin J. Guthrie ,  Murray Katz ,  Craig R. Schroll

IPC分类号： H01M8/02 ,  H01M8/04 ,  H01M8/14 ,  H01M8/24

CPC分类号： H01M8/0247 ,  H01M8/0267 ,  H01M8/04007 ,  H01M8/247 ,  H01M2008/147 ,  H01M2300/0051 ,  Y02E60/526

摘要： The end plates (16) of a fuel cell stack (12) are formed of a thin membrane. Pressure plates (20) exert compressive load through insulation layers (22, 26) to the membrane. Electrical contact between the end plates (16) and electrodes (50, 58) is maintained without deleterious making and breaking of electrical contacts during thermal transients. The thin end plate (16) under compressive load will not distort with a temperature difference across its thickness. Pressure plate (20) experiences a low thermal transient because it is insulated from the cell. The impact on the end plate of any slight deflection created in the pressure plate by temperature difference is minimized by the resilient pressure pad, in the form of insulation, therebetween.

摘要翻译： 燃料电池堆（12）的端板（16）由薄膜形成。 压板（20）通过绝缘层（22,26）向膜施加压缩载荷。 保持端板（16）和电极（50,58）之间的电接触，而不会在热瞬变期间有害地制造和断开电触点。 压缩载荷下的薄端板（16）不会随其厚度的温差而变形。 压板（20）由于与电池绝缘而经历低热瞬变。 通过温度差在压力板上产生的任何轻微挠曲对端板的冲击由其间的绝缘形式的弹性压力垫最小化。

公开(公告)号：US4548874A

公开(公告)日：1985-10-22

申请号：US676340

申请日：1984-11-29

申请人： Murray Katz ,  Craig R. Schroll

发明人： Murray Katz ,  Craig R. Schroll

IPC分类号： H01M8/02 ,  C25B9/02 ,  C25B15/06 ,  H01M8/04 ,  H01M8/24

CPC分类号： H01M8/2485 ,  C25B15/06

摘要： Electrical short protection is provided in an electrolytic cell stack by the combination of a thin, nonporous ceramic shield and a noble metal foil disposed on opposite sides of the sealing medium in a gas manifold gasket. The thin ceramic shield, such as alumina, is placed between the porous gasket and the cell stack face at the margins of the negative end plate to the most negative cells to impede ion current flow. The noble metal foil, for instance gold, is electrically coupled to the negative potential of the stack to collect positive ions at a harmless location away from the stack face. Consequently, corrosion products from the stack structure deposit on the foil rather than on the stack face to eliminate electrical shorting of cells at the negative end of the stack.

摘要翻译： 通过薄的无孔陶瓷屏蔽和设置在气体歧管垫圈中的密封介质的相对侧上的贵金属箔的组合，在电解池堆叠中提供电短路保护。 诸如氧化铝的薄陶瓷屏蔽物被放置在多孔垫片和负极板边缘之间的电池堆表面到最负电池以阻止离子电流流动。 贵金属箔，例如金，电耦合到堆叠的负电位，以在远离堆叠面的无害位置处收集正离子。 因此，来自堆叠结构的腐蚀产物沉积在箔上而不是在堆叠面上，以消除在堆叠的负端的电池的电短路。

公开(公告)号：US4761348A

公开(公告)日：1988-08-02

申请号：US26819

申请日：1987-03-17

申请人： H. Russell Kunz ,  Robin J. Guthrie ,  Murray Katz

发明人： H. Russell Kunz ,  Robin J. Guthrie ,  Murray Katz

IPC分类号： H01M8/02 ,  H01M8/14 ,  H01M8/24 ,  H01M8/04 ,  H01M2/08

CPC分类号： H01M8/244 ,  H01M2008/147 ,  H01M2300/0051 ,  Y02E60/526

摘要： An electrolytic cell stack includes inactive electrolyte reservoirs at the upper and lower end portions thereof. The reservoirs are separated from the stack of the complete cells by impermeable, electrically conductive separators. Reservoirs at the negative end are initially low in electrolyte and the reservoirs at the positive end are high in electrolyte fill. During stack operation electrolyte migration from the positive to the negative end will be offset by the inactive reservoir capacity. In combination with the inactive reservoirs, a sealing member of high porosity and low electrolyte retention is employed to limit the electrolyte migration rate.

摘要翻译： 电解池堆叠在其上端部和下端部分包括非活性的电解质储存器。 储存器通过不可渗透的导电分离器与完整电池的堆叠分离。 电解液中负极的储层初期电解质含量最低，电解液填充的正极储层较高。 在堆叠操作期间，从正极向负极迁移的电解质将被非蓄电池容量抵消。 与非活性储层结合使用高孔隙率和低电解质保留的密封构件来限制电解质迁移速率。

公开(公告)号：US4983472A

公开(公告)日：1991-01-08

申请号：US440923

申请日：1989-11-24

申请人： Murray Katz ,  Stanley P. Bonk ,  Donald L. Maricle ,  Martin Abrams

发明人： Murray Katz ,  Stanley P. Bonk ,  Donald L. Maricle ,  Martin Abrams

IPC分类号： H01M8/02 ,  H01M8/14

CPC分类号： H01M8/0247 ,  H01M8/0254 ,  H01M8/026 ,  H01M2008/147 ,  H01M2300/0051 ,  Y02E60/526

摘要： A fuel cell has a current collector plate (22) located between an electrode (20) and a separate plate (25). The collector plate has a plurality of arches (26, 28) deformed from a single flat plate in a checkerboard pattern. The arches are of sufficient height (30) to provide sufficient reactant flow area. Each arch is formed with sufficient stiffness to accept compressive load and sufficient resiliently to distribute the load and maintain electrical contact.

摘要翻译： 燃料电池具有位于电极（20）和分离板（25）之间的集电板（22）。 集电板具有从棋盘图案中的单个平板变形的多个拱形部分（26,28）。 拱形足够高（30）以提供足够的反应物流动面积。 每个拱形成具有足够的刚度以接受压缩载荷并且足够弹性地分布负载并保持电接触。

公开(公告)号：US06833340B2

公开(公告)日：2004-12-21

申请号：US10249555

申请日：2003-04-17

申请人： Michael Lefenfeld ,  Steven Berman ,  Jared Berman ,  Murray Katz

发明人： Michael Lefenfeld ,  Steven Berman ,  Jared Berman ,  Murray Katz

IPC分类号： C11D302

CPC分类号： A61L9/05 ,  C11D3/0068 ,  C11D17/0056 ,  C11D17/042

摘要： A method of delivery of active substances to a water-filled environment, specifically a toilet bowl, with a water-soluble polymer as the primary delivery means. The present invention is activated by placement in the water, with the soluble polymer protecting the skin from exposure to the active ingredients. The soluble polymer is composed of a bi-layer capsule or tablet, preferably, with a solid, gas, gel, or liquid core. Alkali metal particles embedded in an interior layer of the capsule or tablet react with water once an exterior layer has dissolved. The alkali metal particles elevate water temperature, especially locally to the interior layer, and volatilize active substances contained within the interior layer. The active substances are preferably deodorants. Alternatively, capsule or tablet is covered with a non-water-soluble final coating layer so that if the present invention is stored or delivered in an aqueous solution, the active substances will not be delivered until desired. The final coating layer can be breached with physical, temperature, pH changes, or otherwise as conventionally designed and available.

摘要翻译： 将活性物质输送到充满水的环境，特别是马桶，以水溶性聚合物作为主要输送装置的方法。 本发明通过放置在水中而被活化，可溶性聚合物保护皮肤不暴露于活性成分。 可溶性聚合物由双层胶囊或片剂组成，优选具有固体，气体，凝胶或液体核心。 一旦外层溶解，嵌入胶囊或片剂内层的碱金属颗粒与水反应。 碱金属颗粒提高水温，特别是局部地升高到内层，并挥发包含在内层中的活性物质。 活性物质优选为除臭剂。 或者，胶囊或片剂被非水溶性最终涂层覆盖，使得如果将本发明储存或递送在水溶液中，则活性物质将不会被递送直到需要。 最终的涂层可以在物理，温度，pH变化下破坏，或者按照传统设计和可用的方式进行破坏。

公开(公告)号：US3990912A

公开(公告)日：1976-11-09

申请号：US479011

申请日：1974-06-13

申请人： Murray Katz

发明人： Murray Katz

IPC分类号： H01M8/06 ,  H01M8/18

CPC分类号： H01M8/0693

摘要： In a fuel cell stack utilizing an alkali metal electrolyte, the electrolyte is distributed in parallel between the electrodes of a plurality of fuel cells and is then fed to regenerator cell which converts carbonate ions to molecular CO.sub.2 gas which is discharged from the cell. Regeneration is effected through the establishment of a hydroxyl ion gradient within a regenerator cell. The regenerated electrolyte is then returned to the fuel cells. In this manner a carbonate buildup in the cells is prevented.

摘要翻译： 在利用碱金属电解质的燃料电池堆中，电解质平行分布在多个燃料电池的电极之间，然后被送入再生器电池，其将碳酸根离子转化为从电池排出的分子CO 2气体。 再生通过在再生器电池内建立羟基离子梯度来实现。 再生的电解液然后返回到燃料电池。 以这种方式，可以防止细胞中的碳酸盐堆积。

公开(公告)号：US5206094A

公开(公告)日：1993-04-27

申请号：US621098

申请日：1990-11-30

申请人： Murray Katz

发明人： Murray Katz

IPC分类号： H01M8/04

CPC分类号： H01M8/04007

摘要： A fuel cell stack is cooled by evaporation of water into a carrier gas such as fuel or oxidant. The coolant and the carrier gas are separately supplied to the cooler, and this allows the fuel cell to operate at high pressure without raising cell temperature.

摘要翻译： 燃料电池堆通过将水蒸发成载气如燃料或氧化剂来冷却。 冷却剂和载气分别供应到冷却器，这允许燃料电池在高压下操作而不升高电池温度。

公开(公告)号：US4078119A

公开(公告)日：1978-03-07

申请号：US686780

申请日：1976-05-17

申请人： Murray Katz ,  Arthur Kaufman

发明人： Murray Katz ,  Arthur Kaufman

IPC分类号： H01M4/86 ,  H01M4/88 ,  H01M4/04

CPC分类号： H01M8/086 ,  H01M4/8605 ,  H01M4/8817 ,  H01M4/885

摘要： A porous conducting particle, hydrophobic bonded, substrate supported electrode is prewetted with the electrolyte. A D.C. voltage is applied to the electrode to assist in the prewetting with the electrolyte. A soluble catalyst-containing material is then introduced into the electrode structure and the catalyst deposited within the electrode. By appropriate selection of the porous conducting particles and the catalyst-applying techniques, precise control of the location of the catalyst can be obtained. If graphite materials are used as the conducting particles, a catalyst-containing salt is allowed to dissolve in the electrolyte in the prewetted electrode, and the catalyst-containing material is reduced to the metal. If the reduction is done by reaction with a reducing gas such as hydrogen, the catalyst will be deposited only in those regions of the electrode at which there is an electrolyte-reactant gas interface which is in electrical-conducting relationship with the substrate. Alternatively, extremely precise amounts of catalyst can be deposited within the electrode structure by use of a solution of a compound of the catalyst whose wettability with the hydrophobic material varies as the solution evaporates. By this technique almost 100% of the catalyst can be deposited within the electrode structure on the hydrophilic region, with virtually no losses in the hydrophobic material.

摘要翻译： 用电解质预润湿多孔导电颗粒，疏水键合的基底支撑电极。 向电极施加直流电压，以辅助电解液预润湿。 然后将可溶的含催化剂的材料引入电极结构中，并且催化剂沉积在电极内。 通过适当选择多孔导电颗粒和催化剂施加技术，可以精确控制催化剂的位置。 如果使用石墨材料作为导电粒子，则使含催化剂的盐溶解在预湿电极中的电解质中，并且将含催化剂的材料还原成金属。 如果通过与诸如氢的还原气体反应来进行还原，则催化剂将仅沉积在电极的那些与衬底导通关系的电解质 - 反应物气体界面的区域中。 或者，通过使用当溶液蒸发时其疏水性材料的润湿性随疏水性材料变化而变化的催化剂化合物的溶液，可以在电极结构内沉积非常精确量的催化剂。 通过这种技术，几乎100％的催化剂可以沉积在亲水区域上的电极结构内，在疏水材料中几乎没有损失。

公开(公告)号：US3979227A

公开(公告)日：1976-09-07

申请号：US645962

申请日：1976-01-02

申请人： Murray Katz ,  Arthur Kaufman

发明人： Murray Katz ,  Arthur Kaufman

IPC分类号： H01M4/86 ,  H01M4/88

CPC分类号： H01M4/8817 ,  H01M4/8605 ,  H01M4/885

摘要： A porous conducting particle, hydrophobic bonded, substrate supported electrode is prewetted with the electrolyte. A D.C. voltage is applied to the electrode to assist in the prewetting with the electrolyte. A soluble catalyst-containing material is then introduced into the electrode structure and the catalyst deposited within the electrode. By appropriate selection of the porous conducting particles and the catalyst-applying techniques, precise control of the location of the catalyst can be obtained. If graphite materials are used as the conducting particles, a catalyst-containing salt is allowed to dissolve in the electrolyte in the prewetted electrode, and the catalyst-containing material is reduced to the metal. If the reduction is done by reaction with a reducing gas such as hydrogen, the catalyst will be deposited only in those regions of the electrode at which there is an electrolyte-reactant gas interface which is in electrical-conducting relationship with the substrate. Alternatively, extremely precise amounts of catalyst can be deposited within the electrode structure by use of a solution of a compound of the catalyst whose wettability with the hydrophobic material varies as the solution evaporates. By this technique almost 100% of the catalyst can be deposited within the electrode structure on the hydrophilic region, with virtually no losses in the hydrophobic material.

公开(公告)号：US4596748A

公开(公告)日：1986-06-24

申请号：US599130

申请日：1984-04-11

申请人： Murray Katz ,  Harold R. Kunz

发明人： Murray Katz ,  Harold R. Kunz

IPC分类号： H01M8/02 ,  H01M8/04 ,  H01M8/00

CPC分类号： H01M8/04119

摘要： Electrolyte lost from a fuel cell, such as by evaporation, is replenished by introducing electrolyte from an external source into a reactant gas stream being delivered into the cell. The fresh electrolyte is vaporized or formed into droplets as it enters the cell such as by spraying the fresh electrolyte into the gas stream. If the electrolyte vapor pressure in the entering gas stream is made high enough, evaporation of the electrolyte from the cell can be halted or electrolyte can even be added to the cell from the gas stream.

摘要翻译： 通过将来自外部源的电解质引入被输送到电池中的反应物气体流中，通过蒸发而从燃料电池损失的电解质被补充。 当新鲜电解质进入电池时，例如通过将新鲜电解质喷射到气流中，蒸发或形成液滴。 如果进入气流中的电解质蒸汽压力足够高，可以停止来自电池的电解质的蒸发，甚至可以从气流中将电解质加入到电池中。