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1.发明授权公开(公告)号：US06560384B1
公开(公告)日：2003-05-06
申请号：US09586663
申请日：2000-06-01
IPC分类号： G02B626
CPC分类号： G02B6/3564 , G02B6/3512 , G02B6/3556
摘要： An optical switch is described having mirrors that are located over an area having an approximate oval shape. Each mirror is pivotable about a first axis and about a second axis transverse to the first axis. Because of the construction and assembly of each mirror, pivoting about the first axis is more limited than pivoting about the second axis. The area over which the mirrors are located is designed to accommodate pivoting about the first axis and about the second axis such that the area has a length and a width wherein the length is much more than the width. In addition, pivoting about the first axis limits pivoting about the second axis and pivoting about the second axis limits pivoting about the first axis. Because pivoting about one axis limits pivoting about another axis, the area over which the mirrors are located has an oval shape as opposed to a rectangular shape.
摘要翻译： 光学开关被描述为具有位于具有近似椭圆形的区域上的反射镜。 每个反射镜可围绕第一轴线和横向于第一轴线的约第二轴线枢转。 由于每个反射镜的构造和组装，围绕第一轴线的枢转比围绕第二轴线枢转更受限制。 反射镜所在的区域被设计成容纳围绕第一轴线和围绕第二轴线枢转，使得该区域具有长度和宽度，其中长度远远大于宽度。 此外，围绕第一轴线的枢转限制围绕第二轴线枢转并围绕第二轴线枢转限制绕第一轴线枢转。 由于围绕一个轴线枢转限制围绕另一个轴线的枢转，所以反射镜所在的区域具有与矩形形状相反的椭圆形形状。
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2.发明授权Micro-electro-mechanical-system (MEMS) mirror device and methods for fabricating the same 有权微机电系统（MEMS）镜装置及其制造方法公开(公告)号：US06563106B1
公开(公告)日：2003-05-13
申请号：US09929900
申请日：2001-08-14
申请人： John Edward Bowers , Roger Jonathan Helkey , Charles Corbalis , Robert Kehl Sink , Seung Bok Lee , Noel MacDonald
发明人： John Edward Bowers , Roger Jonathan Helkey , Charles Corbalis , Robert Kehl Sink , Seung Bok Lee , Noel MacDonald
IPC分类号： H01J314
CPC分类号： B81B3/004 , B81B2201/042 , G02B26/0841
摘要： A micro-electro-mechanical-system (MEMS) mirror device and methods for fabricating the same allow for a large range of angular motion for a center mirror component. The large range of angular motion for a center mirror component is dictated simply by a thickness of a substrate used or a thickness of a thick film used in making a support structure to support the center mirror component. The MEMS mirror device and methods for fabricating the same allow a large number mirror devices to be fabricated on a substrate. The MEMS mirror device includes a substrate. Electrodes are formed supported by the substrate. A support structure is formed adjacent to the electrodes. A hinge pattern and a mirror pattern having a center mirror component are formed such that the support structure supports the hinge pattern and mirror pattern. The support structure also supports the hinge pattern and mirror pattern such that a bottom surface of the center mirror component in a stationary non-rotating position is capable of exceeding a height of 50 &mgr;m above the electrodes.
摘要翻译： 微机电系统（MEMS）镜装置及其制造方法允许中心镜部件的大范围的角运动。 用于中心镜部件的大范围的角运动简单地由所使用的基板的厚度或用于制造支撑结构以支撑中心镜部件的厚膜的厚度决定。 MEMS镜装置及其制造方法允许在衬底上制造大量镜装置。 MEMS反射镜装置包括基板。 电极由衬底支撑形成。 在电极附近形成支撑结构。 形成具有中心镜部件的铰链图案和反射镜图案，使得支撑结构支撑铰链图案和反射镜图案。 支撑结构还支撑铰链图案和镜面图案，使得在静止非旋转位置的中心镜部件的底面能够超过电极上方50um的高度。
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3.发明授权Method and apparatus for internal monitoring and control of reflectors in an optical switch 有权用于光学开关中的反射器的内部监控和控制的方法和装置公开(公告)号：US06788842B1
公开(公告)日：2004-09-07
申请号：US10091921
申请日：2002-03-05
申请人： Robert Kehl Sink , John Edward Bowers , Roger Jonathan Helkey , Robert Anderson , Noel MacDonald
发明人： Robert Kehl Sink , John Edward Bowers , Roger Jonathan Helkey , Robert Anderson , Noel MacDonald
IPC分类号： G02B635
CPC分类号： G02B6/359 , G02B6/3512 , G02B6/3556
摘要： The disclosed embodiments include method and apparatus for detecting the alignment of movable reflectors in an optical switch. A diagnostic device embodiment includes a two-dimensional photoimager positioned to receive light from movable mirrors in the switch. Each movable mirror reflects light to different two-dimensional positions on the photoimager based on the position of each movable mirror, thereby creating a two-dimensional image of the reflector array. A controller receives information from the photoimager and adjusts the positions of the movable mirrors according to light received at the photoimager. A related diagnostic device includes an illumination source for directing monitor light beams onto the movable mirrors where the monitor beams are reflected onto the photoimager. This configuration provides two-dimensional information concerning the current position of the movable mirrors which is used to monitor and adjust the positions of the movable mirrors of the switch.
摘要翻译： 所公开的实施例包括用于检测光学开关中的可移动反射器的对准的方法和装置。 诊断装置实施例包括被定位成从开关中的可移动反射镜接收光的二维光电成像仪。 基于每个可移动镜的位置，每个可移动镜将光反射到光成像仪上的不同二维位置，由此产生反射器阵列的二维图像。 控制器从光电成像仪接收信息，并根据在光电成像仪处接收到的光来调节可移动反射镜的位置。 相关的诊断装置包括用于将监视光束引导到可移动反射镜上的照明源，其中监视器光束被反射到光电成像仪上。 该配置提供了关于可移动反射镜的当前位置的二维信息，其用于监视和调整开关的可移动反射镜的位置。
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公开(公告)号：US08639069B1
公开(公告)日：2014-01-28
申请号：US10880382
申请日：2004-06-28
申请人： Roger Jonathan Helkey , John Edward Bowers , Xuezhe Zheng , David Welsh , Robert Anderson , Olivier Jerphagnon
发明人： Roger Jonathan Helkey , John Edward Bowers , Xuezhe Zheng , David Welsh , Robert Anderson , Olivier Jerphagnon
CPC分类号： H04Q11/0005 , G02B6/29367 , G02B6/3518 , G02B6/3532 , H04Q2011/0009 , H04Q2011/0016 , H04Q2011/003 , H04Q2011/0075
摘要： A wavelength-selective optical switch for switching arbitrary wavelengths between optical fibers in mesh networks, using interference filters for separating optical wavelengths, and two-dimensional arrays of micromirrors for switching. Broadband switch inputs and outputs are provided for adding and dropping arbitrary wavelengths at each node of the network. A two-stage multiplexer and two-stage demultiplexer are provided to simplify the free-space demultiplexer and multiplexer. Mechanisms are provided that allows full non-blocking functionality in the presence of finite yield of the micromirror arrays.
摘要翻译： 用于在网状网络中的光纤之间切换任意波长的波长选择性光开关，使用用于分离光波长的干涉滤光器和用于切换的二维微镜阵列。 提供宽带开关输入和输出，用于在网络的每个节点处添加和删除任意波长。 提供两级多路复用器和两级解复用器来简化自由空间解复用器和多路复用器。 提供了在存在微镜阵列的有限产量的情况下允许完全非阻塞功能的机制。
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公开(公告)号：US06819824B1
公开(公告)日：2004-11-16
申请号：US09862220
申请日：2001-05-21
申请人： David Welsh , James R. Sechrist , John Edward Bowers , Adrian Keating , Xuezhe Zheng , David Kinghorn , Bart Erwin , Roger Jonathan Helkey , Paul Wills
发明人： David Welsh , James R. Sechrist , John Edward Bowers , Adrian Keating , Xuezhe Zheng , David Kinghorn , Bart Erwin , Roger Jonathan Helkey , Paul Wills
IPC分类号： G02B626
CPC分类号： G02B6/3582 , G02B6/3556
摘要： Optical switch packaging techniques and optical switch components are described. In one aspect, an optical switch component that includes a die mounted on an interposer is described. The die has an exposed array of mirrors that can be used as part of an optical switch. Typically, the interposer will also have a fiber array mount arranged to receive a fiber bundle and to position the fiber bundle appropriately over the array of mirrors. In some embodiments, an optical switch can be formed by putting together two mirror image interposer based optical switch components. When placing two interposer based optical switch components together, an alignment frame may be positioned between the interposers to help maintain a desired spacing between the respective arrays of mirrors. In some such embodiments, an inner housing is provided that encloses the dice, the fiber array mounts the alignment frame and portions of the interposers, but leaves connectors mounted on the interposers exposed. An outer housing may optionally be provided to encase the optical switch components and the inner housing. A resilient filler material may also be provided between the inner and outer housings to provide additional protection to the optical switch.
摘要翻译： 描述了光开关封装技术和光开关元件。 在一个方面，描述了包括安装在插入件上的管芯的光开关元件。 裸片具有暴露的反射镜阵列，可用作光开关的一部分。 通常，插入器还将具有布置成接收光纤束并将光纤束适当地定位在镜阵列上的光纤阵列安装座。 在一些实施例中，可以通过将两个基于镜像插入器的光学开关部件组合在一起来形成光学开关。 当将两个基于插入器的光学开关组件放置在一起时，对准框架可以定位在插入件之间，以帮助保持在相应的反射镜阵列之间的期望的间隔。在一些这样的实施例中，提供包围骰子的内壳体， 安装对准框架和插入件的一部分，但是将连接器安装在内插器上。 可以可选地设置外壳以包围光学开关部件和内部壳体。 还可以在内壳体和外壳体之间设置弹性填充材料，以为光开关提供额外的保护。
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6.发明授权Method and apparatus to provide alternative paths for optical protection path switch arrays 有权为光学保护路径开关阵列提供替代路径的方法和装置公开(公告)号：US07110633B1
公开(公告)日：2006-09-19
申请号：US10102307
申请日：2002-03-19
IPC分类号： G02B6/26
CPC分类号： G02B6/3562 , G02B6/3512 , G02B6/3542 , G02B6/3588 , G02B6/3594
摘要： A method and apparatus are described to provide optical path protection for an optical switching system. An apparatus includes a first optical core switch, a second optical core switch, and an optical protection switch. The optical protection switch has at least two inputs and at least two outputs that allow the optical protection switch to direct input optical data traffic to one of the first optical core switch and the second optical core switch, and to direct a test signal to the other of the first optical core switch and the second optical core switch. For one embodiment, the optical protection switch is a 2×2 non-blocking optical switch having only two-path loss optimization. Alternatively, the optical protection switch may be a blocking 3×2 optical switch implemented to function as a 2×2 non-blocking optical switch. For one embodiment, the blocking 3×2 optical switch is a translational switch.
摘要翻译： 描述了一种为光交换系统提供光路保护的方法和装置。 一种装置包括第一光学核心开关，第二光学核心开关和光学保护开关。 光学保护开关具有至少两个输入和至少两个输出，其允许光学保护开关将输入的光学数据流量直接引导到第一光学核心开关和第二光学核心开关中的一个，并将测试信号引导到另一个 的第一光学核心开关和第二光学核心开关。 对于一个实施例，光学保护开关是仅具有双路损耗优化的2×2无阻塞光开关。 或者，光学保护开关可以是被实现为用作2x2无阻塞光学开关的阻塞3x2光学开关。 对于一个实施例，阻塞3x2光开关是平移开关。
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公开(公告)号：US07146069B1
公开(公告)日：2006-12-05
申请号：US10456436
申请日：2003-06-05
IPC分类号： G02B6/26
CPC分类号： G02B6/3542 , G02B6/2861 , G02B6/3518 , G02B6/3546 , G02B6/3556
摘要： A system is described for providing selectable delay. A first converter converts a first electromagnetic signal into an optical signal. An optical switch is coupled to the first converter to provide selectable delay by selection of paths by a plurality of movable microelectromechanical system (MEMS) mirrors. The paths have respective measurable differences in delay for the optical signal. A second converter coupled to the optical switch converts the optical signal into a second electromagnetic signal. The differences in delay for the optical signal result in differences to delay for the second electromagnetic signal in comparison to the first electromagnetic signal. Relatively short delays are provided by the optical switch and relatively long delays are provided by a plurality of fiberoptic delay lines.
摘要翻译： 描述了一种用于提供可选延迟的系统。 第一转换器将第一电磁信号转换为光信号。 光开关耦合到第一转换器，以通过由多个可移动微机电系统（MEMS）反射镜选择路径来提供可选延迟。 这些路径在光信号的延迟方面具有相应的可测量的差异。 耦合到光开关的第二转换器将光信号转换成第二电磁信号。 与第一电磁信号相比，光信号的延迟差异导致第二电磁信号的延迟差。 相对较短的延迟由光开关提供，并且相对长的延迟由多个光纤延迟线提供。
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公开(公告)号：US07254293B1
公开(公告)日：2007-08-07
申请号：US10879639
申请日：2004-06-28
申请人： Roger Jonathan Helkey , Shifu Yuan , Xuezhe Zheng
发明人： Roger Jonathan Helkey , Shifu Yuan , Xuezhe Zheng
CPC分类号： G02B6/29383 , G02B6/29311 , G02B6/29313 , G02B6/29361 , G02B6/29373 , G02B6/3512 , G02B6/3556 , G02B6/356 , H04J14/0204 , H04J14/0205 , H04J14/0209 , H04J14/0212 , H04J14/0213 , H04Q11/0005 , H04Q2011/0016 , H04Q2011/0024 , H04Q2011/0026 , H04Q2011/003 , H04Q2011/0032 , H04Q2213/1301
摘要： An optical switch for routing arbitrary wavelengths between optical fibers in optical networks. The optical switch may include a highly wavelength dispersive element together with a spatially dispersive element to separate the wavelengths. Broadband switch inputs and outputs may be provided for adding and dropping arbitrary wavelengths at each node of the network. Fiber demultiplexers and multiplexers may also be used to reduce the impact of mirror array yield on switch functionality.
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9.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20090263122A1
公开(公告)日：2009-10-22
申请号：US12148913
申请日：2008-04-22
CPC分类号： H04B10/071 , H04B10/032 , H04J14/0226 , H04J14/0246 , H04J14/0282 , H04J14/0291 , H04J14/0297 , H04Q11/0067 , H04Q2011/0081 , H04Q2011/0083
摘要： A method and apparatus are described for allowing diagnostics of a Passive Optical Network without significant loss of service to active customer sites. A plurality of primary transmitters operating at a first wavelength band are coupled to an optical switch of an optical network operating at a first wavelength band. A backup transmitter operating at the first wavelength band is coupled to a first input of a wavelength division multiplexer. An optical device operating at a second wavelength band is coupled to a second input of the wavelength division multiplexer. An output of the wavelength division multiplexer is coupled to an input of the optical switch. Outputs of the optical switch are coupled to a plurality of optical splitters. Each splitter has a plurality of optical outputs. The optical switch is reconfigured such that one of the optical switch outputs that was carrying traffic from one of the primary transmitters carries traffic from the backup transmitter after reconfiguring the optical switch.
摘要翻译： 描述了一种用于允许无源光网络的诊断而不会对活跃客户站点的显着服务损失的方法和装置。 以第一波长频带工作的多个主要发射机耦合到在第一波长频带工作的光网络的光开关。 在第一波长频带上操作的备用发射机耦合到波分多路复用器的第一输入端。 在第二波长频带上操作的光学装置耦合到波分多路复用器的第二输入端。 波分多路复用器的输出耦合到光开关的输入端。 光开关的输出耦合到多个分光器。 每个分离器具有多个光学输出。 重新配置光开关，使得在重新配置光开关之后，从主发射机之一承载业务的光交换机输出中的一个从备用发射机承载业务。
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公开(公告)号：US07248760B1
公开(公告)日：2007-07-24
申请号：US11081265
申请日：2005-03-15
CPC分类号： H04Q11/0005 , H04Q2011/0024 , H04Q2011/003 , H04Q2011/0043 , H04Q2011/0052 , H04Q2011/0056 , H04Q2011/0083
摘要： An optical switch fabric with an input stage, an output stage, and a center stage coupled in a cascaded manner. The center stage includes (1) a minimum number of center switches greater than one that cause the optical switch fabric to be strict-sense nonblocking and (2) at least one additional center switch to provide redundancy for the optical switch fabric. A module is described that includes optical input and output switches coupled to an optical center stage of an optical switch fabric. The module includes an interior cavity that contains free space beams from both the optical input switch and the optical output switch. A method is described for reconfiguring a redundant optical switch into a multilevel optical switch without interrupting operation of the signals carried by the optical switch by adding additional switch components and reconfiguring the fiber interconnection between switch elements.
摘要翻译： 具有输入级，输出级和级联耦合的中心级的光开关结构。 中心级包括（1）大于一个导致光交换结构严格无阻塞的中心交换机的最小数量，以及（2）至少一个额外的中心交换机，为光交换结构提供冗余。 描述了包括耦合到光交换结构的光中心级的光输入和输出开关的模块。 该模块包括内部空腔，其包含来自光学输入开关和光学输出开关的自由空间光束。 描述了一种用于将冗余光开关重新配置成多电平光开关的方法，而不会通过添加额外的开关组件并重新配置开关元件之间的光纤互连而中断光开关携带的信号的操作。
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