Fuel cell electric power generation system
    2.
    发明授权
    Fuel cell electric power generation system 失效
    燃料电池发电系统

    公开(公告)号:US06316134B1

    公开(公告)日:2001-11-13

    申请号:US09395299

    申请日:1999-09-13

    IPC分类号: H01M818

    摘要: A fuel cell electric power generation system comprises an electric power generation subsystem, a fuel processing subsystem, an oxidant subsystem, a water circulation subsystem, and a temperature control subsystem. The improved system employs a novel arrangement of components which provides improved interaction between the subsystems while also simplifying the apparatus by integrating components to provide improved thermal and electrical efficiency. The fuel processing subsystem preferably comprises a furnace for providing heat to a plurality of components disposed within the furnace. In one embodiment, a reformer, a fuel stream humidifier, and a heat exchanger are all disposed within the furnace vessel, with the outlet of the humidifier fluidly connected to the inlet of the reformer and the outlet of the heat exchanger fluidly connected to a desulfurizer located external to the furnace. The fuel processing subsystem may further comprise a shift reactor that exchanges heat with a cathode exhaust stream directed to the shift reactor from the power generation subsystem. After passing through the shift reactor, the cathode exhaust stream is preferably directed to the furnace burner.

    摘要翻译: 燃料电池发电系统包括发电子系统,燃料处理子系统,氧化剂子系统,水循环子系统和温度控制子系统。 改进的系统采用组件的新型布置,其提供子系统之间改进的相互作用,同时还通过集成组件来简化装置以提供改进的热和电效率。 燃料处理子系统优选地包括用于向设置在炉内的多个部件提供热量的炉。 在一个实施例中,重整器,燃料流加湿器和热交换器都设置在炉容器内,加湿器的出口流体连接到重整器的入口,热交换器的出口流体连接到脱硫器 位于炉外。 燃料处理子系统还可以包括换向反应器,其与从发电子系统指向换档反应器的阴极排气流进行热交换。 在通过换档反应器之后,阴极排气流优选地被引导到炉燃烧器。

    Hydrocarbon fueled solid polymer fuel cell electric power generation
system
    3.
    发明授权
    Hydrocarbon fueled solid polymer fuel cell electric power generation system 失效
    烃燃料固体聚合物燃料电池发电系统

    公开(公告)号:US5360679A

    公开(公告)日:1994-11-01

    申请号:US110076

    申请日:1993-08-20

    摘要: A power plant system produces utility grade electrical AC power from gaseous or liquid hydrocarbon fuels using a fuel cell stack employing ion exchange membranes. The fuel is desulfurized, mixed with water, heated and vaporized before being introduced into a reformer. The reformer produces a hydrogen-rich gas which is then directed through a series of heat exchangers, shift converters and a selective oxidizer. The processed fuel stream is combined in the fuel cell stack with a pressurized oxidant stream to generate DC power. Oxidant pressure is supplied by compressors driven by turbines using heated system exhaust gases. The DC power is converted into utility grade AC power using an inverter augmented by a battery peaking unit for rapid load following. The water generated in the fuel cell stack is recycled and used to cool the fuel cell stack and to humidify the fuel stream and oxidant stream prior to their introduction to the fuel cell stack. System integration results in an electrical efficiency of at least about 40%, and with heat recovery the overall fuel efficiency is greater than approximately 80%.

    摘要翻译: 发电厂系统使用使用离子交换膜的燃料电池堆从气态或液态碳氢化合物燃料产生实用级的电力交流电力。 燃料经脱硫,与水混合,在引入重整器之前加热蒸发。 重整器产生富氢气体,然后将其引导通过一系列热交换器,换档转换器和选择性氧化器。 经处理的燃料流在燃料电池堆中与加压氧化剂流组合以产生直流电力。 氧化剂压力由使用加热系统废气的涡轮机驱动的压缩机提供。 使用由电池峰值单元增加的逆变器将直流电力转换为电力级交流电源,用于快速负载跟随。 在燃料电池堆中产生的水被再循环并用于冷却燃料电池堆并且在燃料电池堆引入燃料电池堆之前加热燃料流和氧化剂流。 系统集成导致至少约40%的电效率,并且通过热回收,总体燃料效率大于约80%。

    SHUTDOWN PROCEDURE FOR FUEL CELL STACKS
    4.
    发明申请
    SHUTDOWN PROCEDURE FOR FUEL CELL STACKS 审中-公开
    燃料电池堆的关闭程序

    公开(公告)号:US20070128474A1

    公开(公告)日:2007-06-07

    申请号:US11560720

    申请日:2006-11-16

    IPC分类号: H01M8/00

    摘要: A method of ceasing operation of a fuel cell stack, the fuel cell stack comprising a plurality of fuel cells, each fuel cell comprising at least one anode flow field and at least one cathode flow field for supplying fuel and oxidant thereto, the fuel comprising hydrogen, the method comprising the steps of disconnecting a primary load from the fuel cell stack; terminating the supply of oxidant to the disconnected fuel cell stack; terminating the supply of fuel to the disconnected fuel cell stack; recirculating the fuel through the at least one anode flow field of each fuel cell until all of the oxygen in the oxidant is substantially consumed; and maintaining a hydrogen depletion rate of less than about 3.0% hydrogen/° C. decrease in a fuel cell stack temperature as the fuel cell stack cools down to a predetermined temperature.

    摘要翻译: 一种停止燃料电池堆的操作的方法,所述燃料电池堆包括多个燃料电池,每个燃料电池包括至少一个阳极流场和用于向其供应燃料和氧化剂的至少一个阴极流场,所述燃料包含氢 所述方法包括以下步骤:从所述燃料电池堆断开主负载; 终止向断开的燃料电池堆供应氧化剂; 终止向断开的燃料电池堆供应燃料; 使燃料循环通过每个燃料电池的至少一个阳极流场,直到氧化剂中的所有氧气基本消耗; 并且当燃料电池堆冷却至预定温度时,在燃料电池堆温度下,保持小于约3.0%氢/℃的氢耗尽率。

    Summer and winter mode operation of fuel cell stacks
    6.
    发明申请
    Summer and winter mode operation of fuel cell stacks 审中-公开
    燃料电池堆的夏季和冬季模式运行

    公开(公告)号:US20060134472A1

    公开(公告)日:2006-06-22

    申请号:US11019126

    申请日:2004-12-21

    IPC分类号: H01M8/04

    摘要: A fuel cell subject to intermittent use may be operated in two distinct modes, a “summer” or a “winter” mode, depending on whether the cell is expected to be stored at below freezing temperatures or not. At steady state in summer mode, much of the cell interior may be fully saturated with water and thus may contain liquid water. While such conditions may be most desirable for performance reasons during operation, the presence of liquid water however may be detrimental when storing at below freezing temperatures. At steady state in winter mode, the cell interior is essentially sub-saturated throughout and liquid water is not present to form ice during storage. Winter mode operation allows for improved performance during startup, especially in automotive solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell stacks.

    摘要翻译: 间歇使用的燃料电池可以以两种不同的模式,即“夏季”或“冬季”模式运行,这取决于电池是否预期在低于冰点的温度下储存。 在夏季模式下处于稳定状态,大部分细胞内部可能完全饱和,因此可能含有液态水。 虽然在操作期间这种条件可能是最理想的,但是当存储在低于冰点的温度下时,液态水的存在可能是有害的。 在冬季模式下稳定状态下,细胞内部整体基本上不完全饱和,液态水不存在,从而在储存期间形成冰。 冬季模式操作允许在启动期间提高性能,特别是在汽车固体聚合物电解质燃料电池堆中。

    Two-stage water gas shift conversion method
    7.
    发明授权
    Two-stage water gas shift conversion method 失效
    两级水煤气变换法

    公开(公告)号:US5464606A

    公开(公告)日:1995-11-07

    申请号:US250370

    申请日:1994-05-27

    IPC分类号: B01J8/04 C01B3/12

    摘要: A method and apparatus are provided for reducing the concentration of carbon monoxide in a gaseous reactant stream comprising carbon monoxide and water vapor. The catalyst bed of a water gas shift reactor is preferably divided into two sections. Alternatively, an assembly which includes two sequential reactors can be employed. The first section or reactor operates in an adiabatic fashion whereas the second section or reactor is cooled, thereby facilitating the further conversion of carbon monoxide in the second section or reactor. The gaseous reactant stream exiting the second section or reactor typically has a carbon monoxide concentration in the range from about 0.06% to about 0.14% by volume.

    摘要翻译: 提供了一种减少包含一氧化碳和水蒸汽的气态反应物流中一氧化碳浓度的方法和装置。 水煤气变换反应器的催化剂床优选分为两部分。 或者,可以采用包括两个顺序反应器的组件。 第一部分或反应器以绝热方式操作,而第二部分或反应器被冷却,从而促进第二部分或反应器中一氧化碳的进一步转化。 离开第二部分或反应器的气态反应物流通常具有在约0.06%至约0.14%(体积)范围内的一氧化碳浓度。