Abstract:
ZINC DIHYDROCARBON-SUBSTITUTED DITHIOPHOSPHATES, AND IN PARTICULAR ZINC DIARYL DITHIOPHOSPHATES, ARE PREPARED BY NEUTRALIZING THE DIHYDROCARBON-SUBSTITUTED DITHIOPHOSPHORIC ACID WITH ZINC OXIDE IN THE PRESENCE OF A NEUTRALIZATION PROMOTER WHICH IS A ZINC SALT SUCH AS ZINC NITRATE, ZINC CHLORIDE, ZINC SULPHATE, AND THE LIKE; THE ZINC SALT MAY BE ADDED AS SUCH OR FORMED IN SITU BY THE ADDITION OF NITRIC ACID, HYDROCHLORIC ACID OR SULFURIC ACID TO THE MIXTURE OF THE DIHYDROCARBYL DITHIOPHOSPHORIC AND SUFFICIENT ZINC OXIDE TO NEUTRILIZE THE DITHIOPHOSPHORIC ACID AND TO FORM PROMOTING AMOUNTS OF THE INORGANIC ZINC SALT.
Abstract:
NOVEL AND USEFUL 2-HYDROCARBYLDITHIO-5-MERCAPTO-1,3,4THIADIAZOLES ARE PREPARED BY OXIDATION COUPLING OF EQUAL MOLECULAR PORTIONS OF A HYDROCARBYL MERCAPTAN AND 2,5DIMERCAPTO-1,3,4-THIADIAZOLE OR ITS ALKALI METAL MERCAPTIDE. 2-HYDROCARBYLDITHIO - 5 - MERCAPTO-1,3,4-THRIADIAZOLES ARE UNUSUAL SCAVENGERS OF ELEMENTAL SULFUR, FOR EXAMPLE ONE MOLE CAN DEACTIVATE 100 ATOMS OF ELEMENTAL SULFUR AT A TEMPERATURE OF ABOUT 210*F. AND 25 ATOMS OF ELEMENTAL SULFUR AT ABOUT 300*F. THE SULFUR DEACTIVATION MAKES 2-HYDROCARBYLDITHIO-5-MERCAPTO-1,3,4-THIADIAZOLES USEFUL FOR PREVENTING COPPER CORROSION BY ACTIVE SULFUR. ILLUSTRATIVE OF 2-HYDROCARBYLDITHIO-5-MERCAPTO-1,3,4-THIADIAZOLES ARE THOSE HAVING AS THE HYDROCARBYL SUBSTITUENT ALKYL, CYCLOALKYL, ALKARYL AND ARALKYL GROUPS.
Abstract:
Overbased, i.e., highly basic, alkaline earth sulfonates are prepared by reacting a preferentially oil-soluble sulfonic acid with a basic alkaline earth compound in the presence of small amounts of an ammonium salt of a C1 to C7 aliphatic acid.