公开(公告)号：US5588431A

公开(公告)日：1996-12-31

申请号：US516243

申请日：1995-08-17

申请人： Sanjay Mani ,  Dwight G. Nishimura ,  Steven M. Conolly ,  John M. Pauly

发明人： Sanjay Mani ,  Dwight G. Nishimura ,  Steven M. Conolly ,  John M. Pauly

IPC分类号： A61B5/026 ,  G01R33/563 ,  A61B5/055

CPC分类号： G01R33/5635 ,  A61B5/0263 ,  G01R33/5602

摘要： Multiple inversion recovery flow imaging employs at least four spin inversion pulses following saturation of static nuclei spins to null nuclei in static material having different spin-lattice relaxation times (T.sub.1) with the inversion pulses being spaced in time to substantially reduce the longitudinal magnetization of the T.sub.1 species present. The saturation of static nuclei spins includes applying a sequence of saturation pulses with adjacent pulses being separated by a diphasing gradient to avoid refocusing coherence. The detection of signals includes applying at least one RF read-out pulse near the nulling point.

摘要翻译： 多反转恢复流成像在静态核自旋饱和之后采用至少四个自旋反转脉冲，使具有不同自旋晶格弛豫时间（T1）的静态材料中的零核，其中反转脉冲在时间上间隔开，从而基本上减小了 T1种存在。 静态核自旋的饱和度包括施加饱和脉冲序列，其中相邻脉冲被双相梯度分离以避免重新聚焦相干。 信号的检测包括在零点附近应用至少一个RF读出脉冲。

公开(公告)号：US5150053A

公开(公告)日：1992-09-22

申请号：US645859

申请日：1991-01-25

申请人： John M. Pauly ,  Steven M. Conolly ,  Dwight G. Nishimura

发明人： John M. Pauly ,  Steven M. Conolly ,  Dwight G. Nishimura

IPC分类号： A61B5/055 ,  G01R33/48 ,  G01R33/50 ,  G01R33/56 ,  G01R33/561

CPC分类号： G01R33/446 ,  G01R33/50 ,  G01R33/56

摘要： Magnetic resonance signals for imaging species having short spin-spin relaxation times (T.sub.2) are obtained without the need for a refocusing lobe. A series of RF excitation pulses are applied to the species with magnetic resonance signals being detected after each RF excitation pulse is applied. The magnetic resonance signals are then combined to provide the imaging signals. In one embodiment, each RF excitation pulse is half of a conventional slice-selective pulse with each pulse being slewed to zero. Contrast between the imaged short T.sub.2 species and longer T.sub.2 species can be enhanced by first applying an RF signal having sufficient amplitude to excite the longer T.sub.2 species but insufficient amplitude to excite the short T.sub.2 species whereby the longer T.sub.2 species are tipped by the RF signal. A magnetic gradient can then be applied to dephase the tipped nuclei of the longer T.sub.2 species. The imaging signals are then obtained from magnetic resonance signals from the short T.sub.2 species.

摘要翻译： 获得具有短自旋 - 自旋弛豫时间（T2）的成像物质的磁共振信号，而不需要重新聚焦波瓣。 在施加每个RF激励脉冲之后，对具有磁共振信号的物种施加一系列RF激励脉冲。 然后将磁共振信号组合以提供成像信号。 在一个实施例中，每个RF激励脉冲是常规切片选择脉冲的一半，其中每个脉冲被转换为零。 可以通过首先施加具有足够振幅的RF信号来激发较长的T2物种但不足的幅度来激发短的T2物种，从而通过RF信号使更长的T2物种倾斜，可以增强成像的短T2物种与较长的T2物种之间的对比。 然后可以应用磁梯度来去除较长T2物种的尖端核。 然后从来自短T2物种的磁共振信号获得成像信号。

公开(公告)号：US07288936B2

公开(公告)日：2007-10-30

申请号：US11180339

申请日：2005-07-12

申请人： Peder E. Larson ,  John M. Pauly ,  Steven M. Conolly

发明人： Peder E. Larson ,  John M. Pauly ,  Steven M. Conolly

IPC分类号： G01V3/00

CPC分类号： G01R33/446

摘要： In imaging a first species having a short T2 magnetic resonance parameter in the presence of a second and third species having longer T2 parameters, a method of suppressing signals from the longer T2 species comprises the steps of: a) applying a RF saturation pulse with multiple suppression bands for the second and third species to excite nuclei spins of the longer T2 species with the magnitude of the RF pulse being sufficiently low so as not to excite nuclei spins of the short T2 species, the RF saturation pulse being sufficiently long to rotate the longer T2 species nuclei spins into a transverse plane, and b) dephasing the longer T2 species nuclei spins in the transverse plane. An imaging pulse sequence is then applied to image the short T2 species. Alternatively, the method can comprise the steps of a) applying a first inversion pulse for selective inverting species of the second longer T2 species, b) obtaining first image signals after step a, c) applying a second inversion pulse for selectively inverting species of the third longer T2 species, d) obtaining second image signals after step c), and e) combining the first image signals and the second image signal to image the first short T2 species with the longer second and third species cancelling in the combination. In each of these methods, either the second or third longer T2 species can be suppressed without suppressing the other by applying the RF saturation or inversion pulse only to the species to be suppressed.

摘要翻译： 在具有较长T2参数的第二和第三物种存在下成像具有短T2磁共振参数的第一物种时，抑制来自较长T2物种的信号的方法包括以下步骤：a）施加具有多个 第二和第三物种的抑制带激发较长T2物种的核心旋转，其中RF脉冲的幅度足够低，以便不激发短T2物质的核旋转，RF饱和脉冲足够长以旋转 更长的T2物种核转入横向平面，并且b）在横向平面中去除更长的T2种类核自旋。 然后应用成像脉冲序列对短T2物种进行成像。 或者，该方法可以包括以下步骤：a）施加用于第二较长T2种类的选择性反转种类的第一反转脉冲，b）在步骤a之后获得第一图像信号，c）施加第二反转脉冲以选择性地反转 第三较长的T2物种，d）在步骤c）之后获得第二图像信号，以及e）组合第一图像信号和第二图像信号以对组合中较长的第二和第三个物种进行消除的第一短T2物种进行成像。 在这些方法的每一种中，通过仅对要抑制的物质施加RF饱和或反转脉冲，可以抑制第二或第三较长的T2物种，而不会抑制另一个。

公开(公告)号：US5189371A

公开(公告)日：1993-02-23

申请号：US742785

申请日：1991-08-08

申请人： Steven M. Conolly ,  John M. Pauly

发明人： Steven M. Conolly ,  John M. Pauly

IPC分类号： G01R33/48

CPC分类号： G01R33/446

摘要： Two-dimensional selective adiabatic pulses invert magnetization from a square region in the xy plane with insensitivity to RF variations. Two-dimensional adiabatic pulses can also invert selectively in frequency and in one spatial dimension. The pulses are useful for both MR imaging and spectroscopy.

摘要翻译： 二维选择性绝热脉冲从xy平面中的正方形区域反转磁化，对RF变化不敏感。 二维绝热脉冲也可以在频率和一个空间维度上选择性地反转。 这些脉冲对于MR成像和光谱都是有用的。

公开(公告)号：US5250898A

公开(公告)日：1993-10-05

申请号：US743055

申请日：1991-08-09

申请人： Bob S. Hu ,  Steven M. Conolly

发明人： Bob S. Hu ,  Steven M. Conolly

IPC分类号： G01R33/483 ,  G01R33/563 ,  G01R33/20

CPC分类号： G01R33/483 ,  G01R33/5605

摘要： Disclosed is a method of detecting NMR signals indicative of a short T.sub.2 species in the presence of a long T.sub.2 species by utilizing magnetization transfer between species without requiring an auxiliary RF amplifier and with reduced power deposition (SAR). One or more zero degree RF pulses are applied to a body containing the short T.sub.2 species and the long T.sub.2 species with the pulses being at the resonant frequency. The RF pulses provides selective magnetization saturation of the short T.sub.2 species, and the RF pulses are spaced in time to allow magnetization transfer from the short T.sub.2 species to the long T.sub.2 species. Gradients can then be applied to the body for signal localization with signals detected from the long T.sub.2 species due to magnetization transfer from the short T.sub.2 species being indicative of the presence of the short T.sub.2 species. The signals are indicative also of the magnetization transfer between species. The zero degree RF pulses can be zero area binomial pulses or zero degree adiabatic pulsThe U.S. Government has rights in this invention pursuant to National Institute of Health grants HL-34962, HL39478, and HL 39297.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种通过利用物种之间的磁化转移而不需要辅助RF放大器和减少功率沉积（SAR）来检测在长T2物质存在下指示短T2物质的NMR信号的方法。 一个或多个零度RF脉冲被施加到包含短T2物质的物体和长T2物质，其中脉冲处于共振频率。 RF脉冲提供短T2物质的选择性磁化饱和度，并且RF脉冲在时间上间隔开，以允许从短T2物质到长T2物质的磁化转移。 然后可以将梯度应用于身体，以便由来自长T2物种的信号进行信号定位，因为来自短T2物种的磁化转移指示存在短T2物种。 信号也表示物种之间的磁化转移。 零度RF脉冲可以是零区域二项式脉冲或零度绝热脉冲。 每个脉冲具有足以在短T2物种中显着的磁化衰减的幅度和持续时间。

公开(公告)号：US08847592B2

公开(公告)日：2014-09-30

申请号：US12737214

申请日：2009-06-23

申请人： Patrick W. Goodwill ,  Steven M. Conolly

发明人： Patrick W. Goodwill ,  Steven M. Conolly

IPC分类号： G01V3/00 ,  G01R33/02 ,  G01R33/12 ,  A61B5/05 ,  G01R33/10 ,  A61B5/00

CPC分类号： G01N27/72 ,  A61B5/05 ,  A61B5/0515 ,  A61B5/7257 ,  G01R33/00 ,  G01R33/0213 ,  G01R33/10 ,  G01R33/1269 ,  G01R33/1276

摘要： A magnetic particle imaging apparatus includes magnets [106,107] that produce a gradient magnetic field having a field free region (FFR), excitation field electromagnets [102,114] that produce a radiofrequency magnetic field within the field free region, high-Q receiving coils [112] that detect a response of magnetic particles in the field free region to the excitation field. Field translation electromagnets create a homogeneous magnetic field displacing the field-free region through the field of view (FOV) allowing the imaging region to be scanned to optimize scan time, scanning power, amplifier heating, SAR, dB/dt, and/or slew rate. Efficient multi-resolution scanning techniques are also provided. Intermodulated low and radio-frequency excitation signals are processed to produce an image of a distribution of the magnetic nanoparticles within the imaging region. A single composite image is computed using deconvolution of multiple signals at different harmonics.

摘要翻译： 磁性粒子成像装置包括产生具有无场区域（FFR）的梯度磁场的磁体[106,107]，在无场区域内产生射频磁场的激励场电磁体[102,114]，高Q接收线圈[112 ]，其检测在无场区域中的磁性颗粒对激发场的响应。 场平移电磁铁产生均匀的磁场，使无场区域通过视场（FOV）移动，允许扫描成像区域以优化扫描时间，扫描功率，放大器加热，SAR，dB / dt和/或转换 率。 还提供了高效的多分辨率扫描技术。 处理互调低频和射频激励信号以产生成像区域内磁性纳米颗粒分布的图像。 使用不同谐波处的多个信号的去卷积来计算单个合成图像。

公开(公告)号：US20110089942A1

公开(公告)日：2011-04-21

申请号：US12737214

申请日：2009-06-23

申请人： Patrick W. Goodwill ,  Steven M. Conolly

发明人： Patrick W. Goodwill ,  Steven M. Conolly

IPC分类号： G01R33/12

CPC分类号： G01N27/72 ,  A61B5/05 ,  A61B5/0515 ,  A61B5/7257 ,  G01R33/00 ,  G01R33/0213 ,  G01R33/10 ,  G01R33/1269 ,  G01R33/1276

摘要： A magnetic particle imaging apparatus includes magnets [106,107] that produce a gradient magnetic field having a field free region (FFR), excitation field electromagnets [102,114] that produce a radiofrequency magnetic field within the field free region, high-Q receiving coils [112] that detect a response of magnetic particles in the field free region to the excitation field. Field translation electromagnets create a homogeneous magnetic field displacing the field-free region through the field of view (FOV) allowing the imaging region to be scanned to optimize scan time, scanning power, amplifier heating, SAR, dB/dt, and/or slew rate. Efficient multi-resolution scanning techniques are also provided. Intermodulated low and radio-frequency excitation signals are processed to produce an image of a distribution of the magnetic nanoparticles within the imaging region. A single composite image is computed using deconvolution of multiple signals at different harmonics.

摘要翻译： 磁性粒子成像装置包括产生具有无场区域（FFR）的梯度磁场的磁体[106,107]，在无场区域内产生射频磁场的激励场电磁体[102,114]，高Q接收线圈[112 ]，其检测在无场区域中的磁性颗粒对激发场的响应。 场平移电磁铁产生均匀的磁场，使无场区域通过视场（FOV）移动，允许扫描成像区域以优化扫描时间，扫描功率，放大器加热，SAR，dB / dt和/或转换 率。 还提供了高效的多分辨率扫描技术。 处理互调低频和射频激励信号以产生成像区域内磁性纳米颗粒分布的图像。 使用不同谐波处的多个信号的去卷积来计算单个合成图像。

公开(公告)号：US06208143B1

公开(公告)日：2001-03-27

申请号：US09289528

申请日：1999-04-09

申请人： Steven M. Conolly ,  Patrick N. Morgan

发明人： Steven M. Conolly ,  Patrick N. Morgan

IPC分类号： G01V300

CPC分类号： G01R33/381

摘要： Biplanar, symmetrical electromagnets for providing a homogeneous magnetic field. The magnets have coils disposed in two parallel planes. The coils in the two planes are identical. The radii and Ampere-turns of the coils are selected so that a magnetic field between the planes is homogeneous. One preferred embodiment has 6 coils, with 3 coils in each plane. Other embodiments have 8, 10, 12, or more coils. The method of making the coils begins with an equation for the spherical harmonic coefficients describing the fields from a coil as a function of radius, position and Ampere-turns. For a magnet with K coils, the first K-1 even spherical harmonic coefficients are set equal to zero (the odd coefficients are zero due to symmetry of the magnet). This produces a set of equations that, when solved, provides the radii, positions, and Ampere-turns of the K coils. The method can be used to design a biplanar, symmetrical electromagnet with any even number of coils.

摘要翻译： 双平面，用于提供均匀磁场的对称电磁体。 磁体具有设置在两个平行平面中的线圈。 两个平面中的线圈是相同的。 选择线圈的半径和安培匝数，使得平面之间的磁场是均匀的。 一个优选实施例具有6个线圈，每个平面具有3个线圈。 其他实施例具有8,10,12个或更多个线圈。 制造线圈的方法以描述来自线圈的场作为半径，位置和安培匝的函数的球谐函数的方程式开始。 对于具有K个线圈的磁体，第一个K-1偶次球面谐波系数设置为零（由于磁体的对称性，奇数系数为零）。 这产生一组方程式，当解决时，提供K线圈的半径，位置和安培匝数。 该方法可用于设计具有任何偶数线圈的双平面对称电磁体。

公开(公告)号：US4760336A

公开(公告)日：1988-07-26

申请号：US19584

申请日：1987-02-27

申请人： Steven M. Conolly

发明人： Steven M. Conolly

IPC分类号： A61B10/00 ,  A61B5/055 ,  G01R33/48 ,  G01R33/20

CPC分类号： G01R33/446

摘要： In magnetic resonance imaging where a subject is placed in a static field and the subject is selectively excited by applying an RF magnetic field in the presence of a gradient magnetic field, the peak RF power of the RF magnetic field is reduced by decreasing the peak amplitude of the RF magnetic field while concurrently reducing the magnitude of the gradient magnetic field. The incremental time duration for the RF magnetic field portion which is reduced in amplitude is proportionately increased. In using an RF pulse having front and back sidelobes with a positive lobe therebetween, the duration of the RF pulse can be reduced by increasing the magnitudes of the sidelobes and concurrently reducing the time periods of the sidelobes. A minimum SAR embodiment can be realized.

公开(公告)号：US20100239066A1

公开(公告)日：2010-09-23

申请号：US12661303

申请日：2010-03-15

申请人： Rebecca Fahrig ,  Norbert J. Pelc ,  Kim Pauly ,  Greig C. Scott ,  Amit Sawant ,  Paul J. Keall ,  Lei Xing ,  Steven M. Conolly

发明人： Rebecca Fahrig ,  Norbert J. Pelc ,  Kim Pauly ,  Greig C. Scott ,  Amit Sawant ,  Paul J. Keall ,  Lei Xing ,  Steven M. Conolly

IPC分类号： A61N5/10 ,  A61N5/00 ,  G01R33/44

CPC分类号： G01R33/4808 ,  A61N5/1049 ,  A61N5/1067 ,  A61N2005/1055 ,  A61N2005/1061 ,  A61N2005/1087

摘要： The present invention provides a radiotherapy treatment apparatus that includes a treatment beam, a magnetic field disposed parallel collinear to the treatment beam, and a target that is disposed along the treatment beam. The treatment beam can be a charged particle beam, a proton beam, an electron beam, or a linear accelerator (Linac) beam. The magnetic field is from a magnetic resonance imager (MRI), a megavolt x-ray imager, or a kilovolt x-ray imager and is disposed to operate in coordination with operation of the treatment beam and to narrow the beam. The tumor is disposed to rotate with respect to the treatment beam and the magnetic field, or the treatment beam and the magnetic field are disposed to rotate up to 360° with respect to the target when mounted to a ring gantry. The apparatus can include a rotation angle dependent shim disposed to account for Earth's magnetic field.

摘要翻译： 本发明提供了一种放射治疗处理装置，其包括处理束，与处理束并行设置的磁场和沿着治疗束设置的靶。 处理光束可以是带电粒子束，质子束，电子束或线性加速器（线性加速器）。 磁场来自磁共振成像仪（MRI），兆伏X射线成像仪或千伏x射线成像仪，并且被设置成与治疗束的操作协调操作并且使束变窄。 肿瘤设置成相对于治疗束和磁场旋转，或者治疗束和磁场被设置为当安装到环形台架时相对于靶旋转高达360度。 该装置可以包括设置成考虑地球磁场的旋转角度相关垫片。