公开(公告)号：US5903274A

公开(公告)日：1999-05-11

申请号：US805208

申请日：1997-02-27

申请人： Sarah Gibson ,  Joseph Marks ,  Hanspeter Pfister

发明人： Sarah Gibson ,  Joseph Marks ,  Hanspeter Pfister

IPC分类号： G06T15/08 ,  G06F15/00

CPC分类号： G06T15/08

摘要： A system generates and arranges images depicting volume data using opacitynd color transfer functions for review and selection by a user. In volume rendering, an opacity and/or color transfer function is applied to three-dimensional scalar field data. The transfer functions have different characteristics represented as input parameters, such as control points of the function. The input parameters are then processed to determine images of the volumes and corresponding output vectors. The output vectors can be pixels in the images, or other characteristics of interest. The input vectors are selected to provide a dispersed set of output vectors. A large number of random input vectors can be generated and then culled to leave a dispersed set of output vectors. Alternatively, a set of randomly generated input vectors of a predetermined size are randomly perturbed, to further disperse the output vectors. The output vectors are displayed so that positions represent distances between the output vectors. The user can then select specific output vectors so that the corresponding animation sequence is displayed.

摘要翻译： 系统使用透明度和颜色传递功能生成并排列描绘体数据的图像，供用户查看和选择。 在体绘制中，将不透明度和/或颜色传递函数应用于三维标量场数据。 传递函数具有表示为输入参数的不同特征，如功能的控制点。 然后处理输入参数以确定体积和相应输出向量的图像。 输出向量可以是图像中的像素或感兴趣的其他特征。 输入向量被选择以提供一组分散的输出向量。 可以生成大量的随机输入向量，然后被剔除以留下分散的一组输出向量。 或者，随机扰动一组预定尺寸的随机生成的输入向量，以进一步分散输出向量。 显示输出向量，使得位置表示输出向量之间的距离。 然后，用户可以选择特定的输出向量，使得显示相应的动画序列。

公开(公告)号：US5760786A

公开(公告)日：1998-06-02

申请号：US579546

申请日：1995-12-27

申请人： Joseph Marks ,  Sarah Gibson

发明人： Joseph Marks ,  Sarah Gibson

IPC分类号： G06F17/50 ,  G06T17/10 ,  G06T17/40 ,  G06F15/00

CPC分类号： G06T17/10

摘要： A system for simultaneously creating similar constructive solid geometry G) representations for multiple objects in bit map or voxel form iteratively creates, mutates and optimizes a population of potential CSG representations of the objects. The system includes a first part which creates and revises two identical populations of CSG representations. Initially, the populations are randomly generated. Thus, each CSG tree includes a random number of primitives of different types, sizes and positions. The primitives are randomly organized in a tree structure which includes randomly selected boolean operators at the nodes. The trees are then modified through an evolutionary process to improve the CSG representations of the objects. Corresponding trees in each population are randomly mutated in the same manner to form new trees. Mutations can include (1) changes in types of primitives, (2) changes in a subtree structure, (3) addition of new subtrees, and (4) deletions of subtrees. If the new trees better represents the objects, then the old trees are replaced with the new trees. Mutations continue until no further improvements are obtained.

摘要翻译： 用于同时为位图或体素形式的多个对象创建类似的建构性实体几何（CSG）表示的系统迭代地创建，变异和优化对象的潜在CSG表示的总体。 该系统包括第一部分，其创建和修改两个相同的CSG表示群体。 最初，人群是随机产生的。 因此，每个CSG树包括不同类型，大小和位置的随机数量的图元。 原语是随机组织在树结构中，其中包括在节点处随机选择的布尔运算符。 然后通过进化过程修改树，以改善对象的CSG表示。 每个群体的相应树木以相同的方式随机变异，形成新的树木。 突变可以包括（1）原始类型的变化，（2）子树结构的变化，（3）添加新的子树，以及（4）删除子树。 如果新树更好地代表物体，那么老树被新的树木所取代。 突变继续下去，直到没有进一步的改善。

公开(公告)号：US5729254A

公开(公告)日：1998-03-17

申请号：US579548

申请日：1995-12-27

申请人： Joseph Marks ,  Sarah Gibson

发明人： Joseph Marks ,  Sarah Gibson

IPC分类号： G06F17/50 ,  G06T17/10 ,  G06T17/40 ,  G06T5/00

CPC分类号： G06T17/10

摘要： A system for creating a constructive solid geometry (CSG) representation ofbjects in bit map or voxel form iteratively creates, mutates and optimizes a population of potential CSG representations of the object. The system includes a first part which randomly generates and revises a population of CSG representations. Each CSG tree includes a random number of primitives of different types, sizes and positions. The primitives are randomly organized in a tree structure which includes randomly selected boolean operators at the nodes. The trees are modified through an evolutionary process to improve the CSG representation of the object. Trees are randomly mutated to form new trees. Mutations can include (1) changes in types of primitives, (2) changes in a subtree structure, (3) addition of new subtrees, and (4) deletions of subtrees. If the new tree better represents the object, then the old tree is replaced with the new tree. Mutations continue until no further improvements are obtained. The population may be periodically reinitialized by replacing the worst trees with the best trees. A second part of the system locally optimizes each tree upon creation or mutation. Optimization includes iterative modification of the size, position, and orientation of each of the primitives in a tree in order to better represent the object. The representation can be judged based upon the number of primitives, and the number of voxels in the representation which are not in the object and in the object which are not in the representation.

摘要翻译： 用于以比特图或体素形式创建对象的建构实体几何（CSG）表示的系统迭代地创建，变异并优化对象的潜在CSG表示的群体。 该系统包括随机生成和修改一组CSG表示的第一部分。 每个CSG树包括不同类型，大小和位置的随机数量的图元。 原语是随机组织在树结构中，其中包括在节点处随机选择的布尔运算符。 通过进化过程修改树，以改善对象的CSG表示。 树被随机变异形成新树。 突变可以包括（1）原始类型的变化，（2）子树结构的变化，（3）添加新的子树，以及（4）删除子树。 如果新树更好地表示对象，那么旧的树被新的树替代。 突变继续下去，直到没有进一步的改善。 可以通过用最好的树木代替最差的树木来定期重新开始种群。 系统的第二部分在创建或突变时在本地优化每个树。 优化包括迭代修改树中每个基元的大小，位置和方向，以更好地表示对象。 可以基于图元的数量和表示中不在对象中和不在表示中的对象中的体素的数量来判断表示。

公开(公告)号：US5911146A

公开(公告)日：1999-06-08

申请号：US646740

申请日：1996-05-03

申请人： Ramesh Johari ,  Joseph Marks ,  Ali Partovi ,  Stuart Merrill Shieber

发明人： Ramesh Johari ,  Joseph Marks ,  Ali Partovi ,  Stuart Merrill Shieber

IPC分类号： G06T11/60 ,  G06T15/00

CPC分类号： G06T11/60 ,  G06F17/217

摘要： A computer-based system for automatic pagination and layout of yellow pagesor a commercial telephone directory uses a simulated annealing heuristic to refine a randomly determined candidate solution. The text and advertisements which are to be included in the yellow pages directory are ordered in two distinct data streams representing the order of text and the order of advertisements in the directory. The system determines a possible layout, called a candidate solution, by randomly setting parameters defining the pagination and layout. These parameters may include page breaks in the advertisement stream, column numbers for each advertisement, and an amount of padding or empty space to be added to each page. Once the parameters are set, the individual pages are laid out by putting the advertisements in the next available position in their assigned columns, and the text around the advertisements. The solution is scored based upon the guidelines for the format and layout of the yellow pages directory. The solution is then optimized using a simulated annealing heuristic, which utilizes small modifications or perturbations randomly made to the initial parameters of the candidate solution. The revised solution is scored and compared to the score of the prior solution. The revised solution is then kept according to a probabilistic formula relating the two scores. Through an iterative process of perturbations, scoring, and comparing, the candidate solution becomes optimized. The process is repeated multiple times for different initial candidate solutions, each of which is randomly determined. A best solution is then selected from all of the optimized candidate solutions.

摘要翻译： 用于商业电话簿的黄页自动分页和布局的基于计算机的系统使用模拟退火启发式来优化随机确定的候选解决方案。 要包括在黄页目录中的文本和广告在表示文本顺序和目录中广告顺序的两个不同的数据流中排序。 系统通过随机设置定义分页和布局的参数来确定称为候选解决方案的可能布局。 这些参数可以包括广告流中的分页符，每个广告的列号，以及要添加到每个页面的填充量或空白空间。 一旦设置了参数，通过将广告放置在其分配的列中的下一个可用位置以及广告周围的文本来布局各个页面。 该解决方案基于黄页目录的格式和布局指南。 然后使用模拟退火启发式来优化解，其利用对候选解决方案的初始参数随机进行的小的修改或扰动。 对修订后的解决方案进行评分，并与先前解决方案的得分进行比较。 然后根据与两个分数相关的概率公式来保存修改后的解决方案。 通过扰动，评分和比较的迭代过程，优化候选解决方案。 对于不同的初始候选解决方案，该过程被重复多次，每个候选解决方案随机确定。 然后从所有优化的候选解决方案中选择最佳解决方案。

公开(公告)号：US5936639A

公开(公告)日：1999-08-10

申请号：US805217

申请日：1997-02-27

申请人： Brad Andalman ,  Joseph Marks ,  Brian Mirtich

发明人： Brad Andalman ,  Joseph Marks ,  Brian Mirtich

IPC分类号： G06T11/80 ,  G06T13/20 ,  G06T15/70

CPC分类号： G06T13/20 ,  G06T2210/56

摘要： A system generates and arranges animation sequences of particle motion foreview and selection by a user. Motion of particles in an animation sequence is based upon input parameters, such as creation point, creation rate, velocity, direction, and lifetime. The system can be used to select appropriate parameters to obtain desirable motion of the particles. The system generates a set of input vectors containing parameters of the motion. The input parameters are then processed to determine animation sequences and corresponding output vectors. The output vectors include characteristics of the motion. The input vectors are selected to provide a dispersed set of output vectors. A large number of random input vectors can be generated and then culled to leave a dispersed set of output vectors. Alternatively, a set of randomly generated input vectors of a predetermined size are randomly perturbed, to further disperse the output vectors. The system includes an interface for representing the output vectors and animation sequences in a manner which is easily reviewable by a user. The output vectors are displayed so that positions represent distances between the output vectors. The user can then select specific output vectors so that the corresponding animation sequence is displayed.

摘要翻译： 系统生成和排列粒子运动的动画序列，供用户查看和选择。 动画序列中的粒子运动是基于输入参数，如创建点，创建速率，速度，方向和使用寿命。 该系统可用于选择合适的参数以获得所需粒子的运动。 系统生成一组包含运动参数的输入向量。 然后处理输入参数以确定动画序列和相应的输出向量。 输出矢量包括运动的特征。 输入向量被选择以提供一组分散的输出向量。 可以生成大量的随机输入向量，然后被剔除以留下分散的一组输出向量。 或者，随机扰动一组预定尺寸的随机生成的输入向量，以进一步分散输出向量。 该系统包括用于以用户容易回顾的方式来表示输出向量和动画序列的接口。 显示输出向量，使得位置表示输出向量之间的距离。 然后，用户可以选择特定的输出向量，使得显示相应的动画序列。

公开(公告)号：US06211876B1

公开(公告)日：2001-04-03

申请号：US09102258

申请日：1998-06-22

申请人： Edith Ackermann ,  Dennis Nathan Bromley ,  David Ray DeMaso ,  Sara Frances Frisken Gibson ,  Joseph Gonzalez-Heydrich ,  Judith Galler Karlin ,  Joseph Marks ,  Chia Shen ,  Carol Strohecker

发明人： Edith Ackermann ,  Dennis Nathan Bromley ,  David Ray DeMaso ,  Sara Frances Frisken Gibson ,  Joseph Gonzalez-Heydrich ,  Judith Galler Karlin ,  Joseph Marks ,  Chia Shen ,  Carol Strohecker

IPC分类号： G06F300

CPC分类号： G06F17/30675 ,  G06F17/30696 ,  Y10S707/99933 ,  Y10S715/968

摘要： Methods and apparatus are provided for accessing an experience journal which includes unstructured text items relating to a topic, such as a medical condition. The method is implemented in a computer system including a processor, a storage device, a video display unit having a display screen, and a user interface. The unstructured text items are stored in the storage device. Similarities among the unstructured text items are determined, and icons, one corresponding to each of the unstructured text items, are displayed on the display screen. The icons are positioned on the display screen relative to each other, such that the distances between icons are representative of the determined similarities among the unstructured text items. In response to user selection of one of the icons, the corresponding unstructured text item is displayed on the display screen.

摘要翻译： 提供了用于访问经验期刊的方法和装置，其包括与主题相关的非结构化文本项，诸如医疗状况。 该方法在包括处理器，存储设备，具有显示屏幕的视频显示单元和用户界面的计算机系统中实现。 非结构化文本项存储在存储设备中。 确定非结构化文本项目之间的相似性，并且在显示屏幕上显示对应于每个非结构化文本项目的图标。 这些图标相对于彼此定位在显示屏幕上，使得图标之间的距离代表所确定的非结构化文本项目之间的相似度。 响应于用户选择其中一个图标，相应的非结构化文本项目显示在显示屏幕上。

公开(公告)号：US5894309A

公开(公告)日：1999-04-13

申请号：US805209

申请日：1997-02-27

申请人： William T. Freeman ,  Joseph Marks ,  Paul Beardsley

发明人： William T. Freeman ,  Joseph Marks ,  Paul Beardsley

IPC分类号： G06T15/50 ,  G06F15/00

CPC分类号： G06T15/50

摘要： A system for creating lighting for a photograph generates a large number ofmages based upon structures determined from the photograph and randomly selected light positions, types and directions. One or more photographs are analyzed to determine the three-dimensional structures in the photographs. These structures are represented as gray surfaces, to which lighting is applied. The images are culled to provide a set of images which best spans the lighting space represented by the large number of images. The culling process is iterative; at each iteration, the image which is most dissimilar from a nearest neighbor in the selected set is added to the selected set. The images are organized in a hierarchical structure. A user interface allows the user to review and select images in the hierarchical structure. The images selected by the user are combined to create a final image with composite lighting. The lighting specifications can be saved for future reference by the lighting system or other applications. The lighting of the gray surface images are used to modify the intensity of pixels in the photograph in order to change lighting in the photograph.

摘要翻译： 用于创建照片照明的系统基于从照片和随机选择的光位置，类型和方向确定的结构生成大量图像。 分析一张或多张照片以确定照片中的三维结构。 这些结构表示为施加照明的灰色表面。 图像被剔除以提供最佳跨越由大量图像表示的照明空间的一组图像。 剔除过程是迭代的; 在每次迭代中，与所选集中的最近邻居最不相似的图像被添加到所选择的集合中。 图像以分层结构组织。 用户界面允许用户在层次结构中查看和选择图像。 组合用户选择的图像以创建具有复合照明的最终图像。 照明规格可以保存，以供将来参考照明系统或其他应用。 灰色表面图像的照明用于修改照片中像素的强度，以便改变照片中的照明。

公开(公告)号：US5886704A

公开(公告)日：1999-03-23

申请号：US646739

申请日：1996-05-03

申请人： Ho Min Kang ,  Joseph Marks ,  Joshua Seims ,  Stuart Merrill Shieber

发明人： Ho Min Kang ,  Joseph Marks ,  Joshua Seims ,  Stuart Merrill Shieber

IPC分类号： G06T15/50

CPC分类号： G06T15/506

摘要： A system and method for creating lighting for an image generates a large number of images based upon randomly selected light positions, types and directions. The images are then culled to reduce the number of images to be reviewed by a user. The images are culled to provide a set of images which best spans the lighting space represented by the large number of images. The culling process is iterative; at each iteration, the image which is most dissimilar from a nearest neighbor in the selected set is added to the selected set. The images are organized in a hierarchical structure to ease review by the user. The hierarchical structure separates the images into multiple levels. At each level, the images are separated into sets of equal size. Each set includes images which are most similar. An average image from each set is picked as the visual representation for that set. In creating the hierarchical structure, a single image may or may not be included in different subsets. A user interface allows the user to review and select images in the hierarchical structure. The images selected by the user are combined to create a final image with lighting. The lighting specifications can be saved for future reference by the lighting system or other applications.

摘要翻译： 用于创建图像照明的系统和方法基于随机选择的光位置，类型和方向产生大量图像。 然后，图像被剔除以减少要由用户审查的图像的数量。 图像被剔除以提供最佳跨越由大量图像表示的照明空间的一组图像。 剔除过程是迭代的; 在每次迭代中，与所选集中的最近邻居最不相似的图像被添加到所选择的集合中。 图像以层次结构组织，以便用户查看。 分层结构将图像分为多个层次。 在每个级别，图像被分成相同大小的集合。 每组包括最相似的图像。 将每个集合的平均图像作为该集合的视觉表示。 在创建层次结构时，单个图像可能包含或不包含在不同的子集中。 用户界面允许用户在层次结构中查看和选择图像。 组合用户选择的图像以创建具有照明的最终图像。 照明规格可以保存，以供将来参考照明系统或其他应用。

公开(公告)号：US20130117085A1

公开(公告)日：2013-05-09

申请号：US13288627

申请日：2011-11-03

申请人： Roberto Aiello ,  Amber Brown ,  Joseph Marks

发明人： Roberto Aiello ,  Amber Brown ,  Joseph Marks

IPC分类号： G06Q30/02

CPC分类号： G06Q30/0207

摘要： A community of members with a set of global goals and a set of individual member goals is established. The community of members provides a set of services. Further, an analysis is performed on one or more attributes of a first plurality of customers. In addition, a set of incentives is provided to at least one a second plurality of customers to interact with at least a subset of the community of members based upon the analysis to maximize the set of global goals and the set of individual member goals.

摘要翻译： 建立了具有一系列全球目标和一系列个人成员目标的成员团体。 会员社区提供一套服务。 此外，对第一多个客户的一个或多个属性执行分析。 此外，基于分析来向至少一个第二多个客户提供一组激励以与集体成员的至少一个子集进行交互，以最大化全局目标集合和个体成员目标集合。

公开(公告)号：US20050213771A1

公开(公告)日：2005-09-29

申请号：US10810438

申请日：2004-03-26

申请人： Paris Smaragdis ,  Joseph Marks

发明人： Paris Smaragdis ,  Joseph Marks

IPC分类号： B60R11/02 ,  H04R3/00 ,  H04R23/00 ,  H04R29/00

CPC分类号： H04R23/00 ,  H04R2499/13

摘要： A method and system propagates only interesting sound information to a user who is otherwise acoustically isolated from sound. This is a task particularly useful for people that work in, or enjoy noisy environments, and are placed in a soundproof room, or are otherwise unable to detect critical sounds. By automatically detecting critical sounds, the user can be alerted by a signal generated in response to detecting the selected sound information.

摘要翻译： 一种方法和系统将仅有趣的声音信息传播给另外与声音隔离的用户。 这是对于工作或享受嘈杂环境的人特别有用的任务，并且被放置在隔音室中，否则无法检测到关键声音。 通过自动检测关键声音，可以通过响应于检测所选择的声音信息而产生的信号来警告用户。