公开(公告)号：US5796677A

公开(公告)日：1998-08-18

申请号：US235625

申请日：1994-04-29

申请人： Sergio Kostek ,  Shu-Kong Chang ,  Gordon McDaniel ,  Thomas Plona ,  Curtis Randall ,  Jean-Pierre Masson ,  James C. Mayes ,  Kai Hsu

发明人： Sergio Kostek ,  Shu-Kong Chang ,  Gordon McDaniel ,  Thomas Plona ,  Curtis Randall ,  Jean-Pierre Masson ,  James C. Mayes ,  Kai Hsu

IPC分类号： G01V1/48 ,  G01V1/50 ,  G01V1/52 ,  G01V1/40

CPC分类号： G01V1/50 ,  G01V1/48 ,  G01V1/52

摘要： The present invention is directed to sonic logging while drilling. A transmitter and at least one receiver are mounted on a drill collar for performing sonic investigations of the formation traversed by a borehole. It has been discovered that a drill collar has a natural stop band or notch where acoustic energy propagating in this frequency range is severely attenuated. Thus, to reduce drill collar acoustic coupling, the transmitter is operated within this natural stop band of the drill collar. An imperforate stop band filter is also included between the transmitter and receiver to enhance the natural stop band. The transmitter is mounted transverse to the longitudinal axis of the drill collar, and is preferably mounted within means that reduce drill collar acoustic coupling. The transmitter preferably includes a material whose acoustic response is more favorable along its longitudinal axis relative to its radial axis, thereby directing the acoustic energy into the formation rather than the surrounding drill collar. Received acoustic energy waveforms are electronically processed to reliably detect, in the presence of drilling noise, those acoustic signals which are produced by the transmitter and transmitted through the formation.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及在钻探时的声波测井。 发射器和至少一个接收器安装在钻铤上，用于对由钻孔穿过的地层进行声波研究。 已经发现钻铤具有自然的阻挡带或凹口，其中在该频率范围内传播的声能被严重衰减。 因此，为了减少钻铤声耦合，变送器在钻铤的这个自然停止带内操作。 发射器和接收器之间还包括一个无孔挡板滤波器，以增强自然阻挡带。 发射器横向于钻铤的纵向轴线安装，并且优选地安装在减少钻铤声耦合的装置内。 发射器优选地包括其声响应相对于其径向轴线沿其纵向轴线更有利的材料，从而将声能引导到地层而不是周围的钻铤。 接收到的声能波形被电子处理，以便在存在钻井噪声的情况下可靠地检测由发射机产生并通过地层传输的那些声信号。

公开(公告)号：US09334729B2

公开(公告)日：2016-05-10

申请号：US13644772

申请日：2012-10-04

申请人： Kentaro Indo ,  Kai Hsu ,  Julian Pop

发明人： Kentaro Indo ,  Kai Hsu ,  Julian Pop

IPC分类号： G01F7/00 ,  E21B49/10

CPC分类号： E21B49/10 ,  E21B49/08

摘要： Obtaining in-situ optical spectral data associated with a formation fluid flowing through a downhole formation fluid sampling apparatus, and predicting a parameter of the formation fluid flowing through the downhole formation fluid sampling apparatus based on projection of the obtained spectral data onto a matrix that corresponds to a predominant fluid type of the formation fluid.

摘要翻译： 获得与流经井下地层流体采样装置的地层流体相关联的原位光谱数据，以及基于所获得的光谱数据投影到相应的矩阵上，预测流经井下地层流体取样装置的地层流体的参数 到地层流体的主要流体类型。

公开(公告)号：US20110093200A1

公开(公告)日：2011-04-21

申请号：US12582243

申请日：2009-10-20

申请人： Kai Hsu ,  Kentaro Indo ,  Peter S. Hegeman ,  Carsten Sonne

发明人： Kai Hsu ,  Kentaro Indo ,  Peter S. Hegeman ,  Carsten Sonne

IPC分类号： G01V5/04

CPC分类号： G01N33/2823 ,  E21B47/10 ,  E21B49/082 ,  G01N7/14

摘要： Example methods and apparatus to determine phase-change pressures are disclosed. A disclosed example method includes capturing a fluid in a chamber, pressurizing the fluid at a plurality of pressures, measuring a plurality of transmittances of a signal through the fluid at respective ones of the plurality of pressures, computing a first magnitude of a first subset of the plurality of transmittances, computing a second magnitude of a second subset of the plurality of transmittances, comparing the first and second magnitudes to determine a phase-change pressure for the fluid.

摘要翻译： 公开了用于确定相变压力的示例性方法和装置。 所公开的示例性方法包括捕获腔室中的流体，在多个压力下对流体加压，在多个压力中的相应压力下测量通过流体的信号的多个透射率，计算第一子集的第一子集 所述多个透射率，计算所述多个透射率的第二子集的第二大小，比较所述第一和第二幅度以确定所述流体的相变压力。

公开(公告)号：US20110083842A1

公开(公告)日：2011-04-14

申请号：US12578425

申请日：2009-10-13

申请人： Kentaro Indo ,  Kai Hsu

发明人： Kentaro Indo ,  Kai Hsu

IPC分类号： E21B47/00 ,  G06F19/00

CPC分类号： G01N33/2823 ,  E21B49/10 ,  E21B2049/085 ,  G01N21/534

摘要： A method (and corresponding apparatus) for downhole fluid analysis of petroleum formation fluids. The method includes capturing in a chamber of a downhole tool at least two immiscible formation fluids in a generally segregated state (the fluids including petroleum), activating a fluid mixing means to mix the fluids in the chamber to create an emulsion therefrom, and allowing the emulsified fluids to segregate while measuring light transmittance through the segregating fluids in order to calculate a transition time period based on the light transmittance through the fluids in the chamber. The transition time period is preferably bounded by the time required for the light transmittance values measured by the light detector to reach a baseline light transmittance. The transition time period characterizes the stability of an emulsion formed by the captured fluids. The methods and apparatus can also be used for other fluid testing applications beyond downhole formation fluid testing.

摘要翻译： 用于石油地层流体的井下流体分析的方法（和相应的装置）。 该方法包括在井下工具的腔室中捕获处于大体分离状态的至少两种不混溶的地层流体（包括石油的流体），激活流体混合装置以混合室中的流体以从其中产生乳液，并允许 乳化流体在通过分离流体测量透光率的同时分离，以便基于通过室中的流体的透光率来计算过渡时间段。 过渡时间段优选地由光检测器测量的光透射率值达到基线透光率所需的时间限制。 过渡时间表征由捕获的流体形成的乳液的稳定性。 该方法和装置也可以用于井下地层流体测试之外的其他流体测试应用。

公开(公告)号：US07305306B2

公开(公告)日：2007-12-04

申请号：US11132545

申请日：2005-05-19

申请人： Lalitha Venkataramanan ,  Go Fujisawa ,  Bhavani Raghuraman ,  Oliver Mullins ,  Andrew Carnegie ,  Ricardo Vasques ,  Chengli Dong ,  Kai Hsu ,  Michael O'Keefe ,  Henri-Pierre Valero

发明人： Lalitha Venkataramanan ,  Go Fujisawa ,  Bhavani Raghuraman ,  Oliver Mullins ,  Andrew Carnegie ,  Ricardo Vasques ,  Chengli Dong ,  Kai Hsu ,  Michael O'Keefe ,  Henri-Pierre Valero

IPC分类号： G01V8/02

CPC分类号： E21B49/00

摘要： Methods and systems are provided for downhole analysis of formation fluids by deriving fluid properties and associated uncertainty in the predicted fluid properties based on downhole data, and generating answer products of interest based on differences in the fluid properties. Measured data are used to compute levels of contamination in downhole fluids using an oil-base mud contamination monitoring (OCM) algorithm. Fluid properties are predicted for the fluids and uncertainties in predicted fluid properties are derived. A statistical framework is provided for comparing the fluids to generate, in real-time, robust answer products relating to the formation fluids and reservoirs thereof. Systematic errors in measured data are reduced or eliminated by preferred sampling procedures.

摘要翻译： 提供了方法和系统，用于通过基于井下数据导出预测流体特性的流体性质和相关不确定性，并基于流体性质的差异产生感兴趣的产品，从而对地层流体进行井下分析。 测量数据用于使用油基泥浆污染监测（OCM）算法计算井下流体中的污染水平。 预测流体的流体性质，并推导出预测的流体性质的不确定性。 提供了一种统计框架，用于比较流体，实时地产生与地层流体及其储层相关的鲁棒答案产品。 通过优选的采样程序减少或消除了测量数据中的系统误差。

公开(公告)号：US20060091307A1

公开(公告)日：2006-05-04

申请号：US10541091

申请日：2003-11-21

申请人： Roger Griffiths ,  Jack Horkowitz ,  Kai Hsu

发明人： Roger Griffiths ,  Jack Horkowitz ,  Kai Hsu

IPC分类号： G01V5/00

CPC分类号： G01V5/045

摘要： A method for downhole spectroscopy processing is described. The method includes: obtaining raw spectroscopy data using a downhole tool; processing the raw spectroscopy data using the downhole tool to obtain a downhole processed solution; transmitting the downhole processed solution to a surface processing system; and using the surface processing system to determine lithology information from the downhole processed solution. A downhole tool for processing raw spectroscopy data is also described. The tool includes: a neutron source; at least one detector for detecting the raw spectroscopy data; processing means for processing the raw spectroscopy data to produce a downhole processed solution; and means for transmitting the downhole processed solution to a surface location.

摘要翻译： 描述了井下光谱处理的方法。 该方法包括：使用井下工具获得原始光谱数据; 使用井下工具处理原始光谱数据以获得井下处理溶液; 将井下处理的溶液传送到表面处理系统; 并使用表面处理系统从井下处理溶液中确定岩性信息。 还描述了用于处理原始光谱数据的井下工具。 该工具包括：中子源; 用于检测原始光谱数据的至少一个检测器; 用于处理原始光谱数据以产生井下处理溶液的处理装置; 以及用于将井下处理的溶液传送到表面位置的装置。

公开(公告)号：US06992768B2

公开(公告)日：2006-01-31

申请号：US10249968

申请日：2003-05-22

申请人： Chengli Dong ,  Peter S. Hegeman ,  Oliver C. Mullins ,  Kai Hsu ,  Andrew L. Kurkjian ,  Andrew J. Carnegie

发明人： Chengli Dong ,  Peter S. Hegeman ,  Oliver C. Mullins ,  Kai Hsu ,  Andrew L. Kurkjian ,  Andrew J. Carnegie

IPC分类号： G01J3/46

CPC分类号： E21B49/10 ,  G01N21/31 ,  G01N2021/3129

摘要： A method for refining fluid sample data includes obtaining optical density data for a fluid sample in at least two color channels and at least one fluid component channel and determining a color-absorption function from the optical density data for the fluid sample in the at least two color channels. The method also includes calculating a portion of the optical density caused by color absorptions in each of the at least one fluid component channels, and de-coloring the optical density data in each of the at least one fluid component channels by removing the portion of the optical density data caused by color absorption.

摘要翻译： 用于精炼流体样本数据的方法包括：获得至少两个颜色通道中的流体样本的光密度数据和至少一个流体分量通道，并根据来自至少两个中的流体样本的光密度数据确定颜色吸收函数 颜色通道。 所述方法还包括计算由所述至少一个流体分量通道中的每一个中的颜色吸收引起的光密度的一部分，以及通过去除所述至少一个流体分量通道中的每一个的所述至少一个流体分量通道中的所述光密度数据 由颜色吸收引起的光密度数据。

公开(公告)号：US5031070A

公开(公告)日：1991-07-09

申请号：US533349

申请日：1990-06-05

申请人： Kai Hsu

发明人： Kai Hsu

IPC分类号： G06F1/18

CPC分类号： G06F1/18

摘要： A computer housing, which comprises a hollow frame structure having two opposite rails at the top and a base board at the bottom, two side panels having each a plurality of T-shaped hooks projecting from its bottom edge respectively fastened in corresponding T-shaped holes on the base board and an U-shaped portion on its top edge, an upper cover mounted on the two rails of the frame structure with its two opposite channel edges respectively engaged with the U-shaped portions of the two side panels, and a front panel fixedly secured to the front surface of the frame structure by means of screws permitting the bevel front edge of the upper cover to be retained in an upper channel which is made on its top edge.

摘要翻译： 一种计算机外壳，其包括在顶部具有两个相对的导轨和底部的基板的中空框架结构，两个侧板具有从其底部边缘突出的多个T形钩，所述T形钩分别固定在相应的T形孔中 在基板上和在其顶部边缘上的U形部分，安装在框架结构的两个轨道上的上盖，其两个相对的通道边缘分别与两个侧板的U形部分接合，并且前部 面板通过螺钉固定地固定在框架结构的前表面上，该螺钉允许上盖的斜面前边缘保持在其顶部边缘上制成的上部通道中。

公开(公告)号：US4809236A

公开(公告)日：1989-02-28

申请号：US919091

申请日：1986-10-15

申请人： Kai Hsu ,  Ralphe Wiggins

发明人： Kai Hsu ,  Ralphe Wiggins

IPC分类号： G01V1/48 ,  G01V1/40

CPC分类号： G01V1/48

摘要： Techniques are described whereby measurements derived from acoustic investigations made from inside a borehole penetraing an earth formation are factorized into components with high depth resolution. In one embodiment travel times of an acoustic wave such as the compressional is factored into mud travel time and interval travel times through the earth formation. In another embodiment amplitude measurements of an acoustic wave are factored into components such as receiver gain, earth formation attenuation, and coupling effectiveness at the boundary between the borehole and the earth formation. In both embodiments an additional component can be factored out that is a function of transmitter to receiver spacings. A modified Gauss-Seidel iteration technique is described whereby iterations can rapidly converge with less sensitivity to large variations in the measurements. Factorization of receiver gains effectively enables calibration of the receivers during well logging.

摘要翻译： 描述了技术，其中从穿透地层的钻孔内部进行的声学研究得出的测量被分解成具有高深度分辨率的部件。 在一个实施例中，诸如压缩的声波的行进时间被考虑到通过地层的泥浆行进时间和间隔行进时间。 在另一个实施例中，声波的幅度测量被分解成诸如接收机增益，地球衰减以及在钻孔和地层之间的边界处的耦合效应的组件。 在两个实施例中，可以将附加组件分解为发射机到接收机间隔的函数。 描述了改进的高斯 - 塞德尔迭代技术，其中迭代可以以较小的灵敏度收敛到测量中的大变化。 接收机增益的因式分解有助于在测井期间对接收机进行校准。

公开(公告)号：US08484003B2

公开(公告)日：2013-07-09

申请号：US12553967

申请日：2009-09-03

申请人： Kai Hsu ,  Christopher Harrison ,  Matthew T. Sullivan ,  Michael Stangeland ,  Anthony Smits ,  Anthony Robert Holmes Goodwin

发明人： Kai Hsu ,  Christopher Harrison ,  Matthew T. Sullivan ,  Michael Stangeland ,  Anthony Smits ,  Anthony Robert Holmes Goodwin

IPC分类号： G06G7/48

CPC分类号： G01V11/002 ,  G01N11/16

摘要： Example methods, apparatus and articles of manufacture to process measurements of wires vibrating in fluids are disclosed. A disclosed example apparatus includes a downhole assembly and a surface assembly. The downhole assembly including a sensor to measure a waveform representative of a motion of a wire vibrating within a fluid at a downhole location in a wellbore, a waveform modeler to compute a model parameter from the measured waveform, and a first telemetry module to transmit the computed model parameter to a surface location. The surface assembly including a second telemetry module to receive the computed model parameter from the downhole assembly, and a viscosity analyzer to estimate a viscosity of the fluid from the computed model parameter.

摘要翻译： 公开了用于处理在流体中振动的线的测量的示例性方法，装置和制品。 所公开的示例性设备包括井下组件和表面组件。 所述井下组件包括传感器，用于测量表示在井眼中井下位置处的流体内振动的钢丝的运动的波形，波形建模器，用于根据所测量的波形计算模型参数;以及第一遥测模块， 计算模型参数到表面位置。 所述表面组件包括用于从所述井下组件接收所计算的模型参数的第二遥测模块和从所计算的模型参数估计所述流体粘度的粘度分析器。