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1.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US6119511A
公开(公告)日：2000-09-19
申请号：US299379
申请日：1999-04-27
申请人： Sherril D. Christian , Andrew R. Slagle , Edwin E. Tucker , John F. Scamehorn , Katsuhiko Fujio
发明人： Sherril D. Christian , Andrew R. Slagle , Edwin E. Tucker , John F. Scamehorn , Katsuhiko Fujio
IPC分类号： G01N13/02
CPC分类号： G01N13/02
摘要： A method and apparatus is presented for determining surface tension of a liquid or interfacial tension between two dissimilar liquids by using a rigidly suspended probe with small sample sizes and by measuring probe force using a top-loading balance used for supporting the container of liquids under test. When a small sample size in a small container is used, capillary action between a probe and the container walls enhances the measured force, and an adjustment factor for the capillary action must be applied. A probe rigidly suspended to overcome capillary action between the probe and walls permits such measurements. For any sized sample, in accordance with Isaac Newton's third law of equal and opposite forces acting between objects, the force required for lifting a probe vertically from a liquid is equivalent to the reduction in weight of the liquid and container. Force magnitude is thus determined using a top-loading balance for observing weight change, either in the liquid while a suitably configured probe is withdrawn from the liquid or in a probe suspended by a direction converter resting on a top-loading balance while the container and liquid are lowered.
摘要翻译： 提出了一种方法和装置，用于通过使用具有小样品尺寸的刚性悬挂的探针和通过使用用于支撑待测液体的容器的顶部负载平衡来测量探针力来确定液体的表面张力或两种不同液体之间的界面张力 。 当使用小容器中的小样品尺寸时，探头和容器壁之间的毛细作用增强了测量的力，并且必须应用毛细作用的调节因子。 刚性悬挂以克服探针和墙壁之间的毛细作用的探针允许这种测量。 对于任何尺寸的样品，根据Isaac Newton在物体之间作用的相等和相反力的第三定律，从液体垂直提起探头所需的力等于液体和容器重量的减少。 因此，使用用于观察重量变化的顶部载荷平衡来确定力的大小，无论是在液体中，而适当配置的探针从液体中取出，或者在由搁置在顶部装载平衡上的方向转换器悬挂的探针中，而容器和 液体降低。
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公开(公告)号：US5456840A
公开(公告)日：1995-10-10
申请号：US194537
申请日：1994-02-10
CPC分类号： B01D61/16 , B01D61/145 , C02F9/00 , B01D2311/04 , C02F1/54 , C02F1/56 , C02F1/705 , C02F2101/22
摘要： A method for removing anions from water is provided. A complexing agent, such as a cationic polyelectrolyte, is added to untreated water. The cationic polyelectrolyte complexes with anions, such as chromate, and the complex if filtered out of the water. The complex is then treated with a regeneration agent, such as barium chloride or lead chloride to precipitate ions and to regenerate the complexing agent. The regenerated complexing agent can be reused for water treatment.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种从水中除去阴离子的方法。 向未处理的水中加入络合剂，例如阳离子聚电解质。 阳离子聚电解质与阴离子如铬酸盐络合物，如果从水中过滤出复合物。 然后用再生剂如氯化钡或氯化铅处理复合物以沉淀离子并再生络合剂。 再生络合剂可以再次用于水处理。
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公开(公告)号：US5302290A
公开(公告)日：1994-04-12
申请号：US24705
申请日：1993-03-01
CPC分类号： C02F9/00 , B01D61/145 , B01D61/16 , B01D2311/04 , C02F1/54 , C02F1/56 , C02F1/705 , C02F2101/22 , Y10S210/913
摘要： A method for removing toxic anions from water is provided. A complexing agent, such as a cationic polyelectrolyte, is added to untreated water. The cationic polyelectrolyte complexes with anions, such as chromate, and the complex is filtered out of the water. The complex is then treated with barium chloride, lead chloride, aluminum, iron, or zinc to precipitate chromium ions and to regenerate the complexing agent. The regenerated complexing agent can be reused for water treatment.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种从水中除去有毒阴离子的方法。 向未处理的水中加入络合剂，例如阳离子聚电解质。 与阴离子如铬酸盐的阳离子聚电解质配合物和络合物从水中过滤出来。 然后用氯化钡，氯化铅，铝，铁或锌处理复合物以沉淀铬离子并再生络合剂。 再生络合剂可以再次用于水处理。
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公开(公告)号：US5176834A
公开(公告)日：1993-01-05
申请号：US703236
申请日：1991-05-20
IPC分类号： B01D61/16
CPC分类号： B01D61/16 , B01D61/145 , B01D2311/04 , Y10S210/904 , Y10S210/906 , Y10S210/912 , Y10S210/913
摘要： A method for reducing the concentration of target co-ions in a liquid feed mixture comprising target co-ions and counter-ions by adding a colloid such as a polyelectrolyte or surfactant comprising a colloidal ion and colloidal counter-ions to the feed mixture wherein the colloidal ion has the same type of charge as the target co-ion. The feed mixture containing the colloid is filtered through an ultrafiltration membrane having pores small enough to block the passage of the colloidal ion.
摘要翻译： 一种通过向进料混合物中加入包含胶体离子和胶体抗衡离子的胶体如聚电解质或表面活性剂来降低包含靶共离子和抗衡离子的液体进料混合物中的目标共离子浓度的方法，其中 胶体离子具有与靶共离子相同的电荷类型。 含有胶体的进料混合物通过具有足够小的孔的超滤膜过滤以阻止胶体离子的通过。
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