公开(公告)号：US20060177284A1

公开(公告)日：2006-08-10

申请号：US11052319

申请日：2005-02-07

申请人： Steven Keener ,  Edward Litwinski ,  Max Runyan

发明人： Steven Keener ,  Edward Litwinski ,  Max Runyan

IPC分类号： F16B19/08

CPC分类号： F16B33/06 ,  F16B19/06

摘要： A fastener component is formed from aluminum or aluminum-alloy material having a head portion and an elongate shank portion, the shank portion having an end and intermediate or transition region. At least the shank portion of the fastener is cold-worked or heat-treated to an intermediate hardness stage, typically to a T6 condition. The intermediate region of the shank portion is further cold-worked to harden or strengthen the intermediate region of the shank portion with respect to the end of the shank, typically to a T8 condition. The aluminum or aluminum-alloy material of the component advantageously has ultra-fine grain size of less than about 5 microns. The ultra-fine grain size is advantageously obtained by friction stir processing (FSP) or equal angle extrusion (EAE).

摘要翻译： 紧固件部件由具有头部部分和细长柄部分的铝或铝合金材料形成，柄部分具有端部和中间或过渡区域。 至少紧固件的柄部被冷加工或热处理至中间硬度阶段，通常达到T6状态。 柄部分的中间区域被进一步冷加工以相对于柄的端部硬化或加强柄部分的中间区域，通常达到T8状态。 组分的铝或铝合金材料有利地具有小于约5微米的超细晶粒尺寸。 通过摩擦搅拌处理（FSP）或等角挤出（EAE）有利地获得超细晶粒度。

公开(公告)号：US06464127B2

公开(公告)日：2002-10-15

申请号：US09850335

申请日：2001-05-07

申请人： Edward Litwinski ,  Leo Delangis ,  Juan Valdez

发明人： Edward Litwinski ,  Leo Delangis ,  Juan Valdez

IPC分类号： B23K2012

CPC分类号： B23K37/0531 ,  B23K20/126 ,  B23K2101/06

摘要： A back-up tooling apparatus for supporting the inner side of a hollow cylindrical workpiece during a circumferential friction stir weld includes a plurality of arcuate shoes configured to mate end-to-end to form a substantially continuous ring, and an expandable support for supporting the shoes and operable to retract and expand the shoes inward and outward. The expandable support includes at least one rotatable feed screw and central support members mounted on the feed screw or screws and pivotally connected to the shoes by support arms. The central support members are moved axially toward or away from each other for expanding or retracting the shoes. The shoes in one embodiment overlap in the circumferential direction, and a seal material is disposed between mating end faces of adjacent shoes. A restraining device is provided for clamping about the workpiece to reduce thermal expansion thereof. Cable-and-winch and geared drive devices are provided for rotatably driving the workpiece from its outer surface.

摘要翻译： 一种用于在周向摩擦搅拌焊接期间支撑中空圆柱形工件的内侧的备用加工装置包括被配置为端对端配合以形成基本上连续的环的多个弓形靴，以及用于支撑 鞋子可操作地将鞋子向内和向外缩回和膨胀。 可扩展支撑件包括至少一个可旋转进给螺杆和安装在进给螺杆上的中心支撑构件，并且通过支撑臂枢转地连接到鞋。 中心支撑构件相对于彼此轴向移动或移开，以使鞋子伸长或缩回。 一个实施例中的鞋在圆周方向上重叠，并且密封材料设置在相邻鞋的配合端面之间。 提供限制装置用于夹紧工件以减少其热膨胀。 提供电缆绞盘和齿轮传动装置用于从其外表面旋转地驱动工件。

公开(公告)号：US06237835B1

公开(公告)日：2001-05-29

申请号：US09515001

申请日：2000-02-29

申请人： Edward Litwinski ,  Bert E. Syms

发明人： Edward Litwinski ,  Bert E. Syms

IPC分类号： B23K2012

CPC分类号： B23K20/126 ,  B23K20/1255

摘要： The present invention provides a self-backing friction stir welding tool for backing up weld joints formed by friction stir welding large workpieces and workpieces having curvilinear geometries. The backing device includes a rotatable shoulder adapted to at least partially engage the weld joint and a probe having first and second ends and an intermediate portion therebetween. At least a portion of the intermediate portion of the probe frictionally engages the workpiece to form the weld joint. The first end of the probe defines a backing member, at least a portion of which engages the weld joint opposite the rotatable shoulder. The second end of the probe is adapted to rotatably and axial translatably communicate with the rotatable shoulder to thereby rotate the probe and urge the backing member toward the weld joint, thus constraining the plasticized material within the weld joint. The backing member can include an anchor and a support member, at least a portion of which engages the weld joint opposite the rotatable shoulder. The support member defines a recess for receiving the anchor and wherein the anchor urges the support member toward the workpiece. The support member can include at least one pair of rollers that are rotatable such that the support member is movable relative to the workpiece.

摘要翻译： 本发明提供了一种自背衬摩擦搅拌焊接工具，用于对通过摩擦搅拌焊接大型工件和具有曲线几何形状的工件形成的焊接接头进行备用。 背衬装置包括适于至少部分地接合焊接接头的可旋转肩部和具有第一和第二端部以及中间部分的探针。 探头的中间部分的至少一部分摩擦地接合工件以形成焊接接头。 探针的第一端限定了背衬构件，其中至少一部分接合与可旋转肩部相对的焊接接头。 探针的第二端适于可旋转地和轴向地平行地与可旋转的肩部连通，从而旋转探针并将支撑构件推向焊接接头，从而限制了焊接接头内的增塑材料。 背衬构件可以包括锚固件和支撑构件，其至少一部分接合与可旋转肩部相对的焊接接头。 支撑构件限定用于接收锚固件的凹部，并且其中锚固件将支撑构件推向工件。 支撑构件可以包括可旋转的至少一对辊，使得支撑构件相对于工件可移动。

公开(公告)号：US06854634B2

公开(公告)日：2005-02-15

申请号：US10145342

申请日：2002-05-14

申请人： Edward Litwinski ,  Rahmatollah F. Toosky

发明人： Edward Litwinski ,  Rahmatollah F. Toosky

IPC分类号： B23K20/12 ,  B21K1/58 ,  B21K1/62 ,  B23K1/00 ,  B23K31/02 ,  C22F1/04 ,  C22F1/18 ,  F16B19/08

CPC分类号： B23K20/1275 ,  B21J15/027

摘要： A rivet having improved formability is provided. The rivet has a shank having a head at one end. The shank and the head have a refined grain structure. The rivet is manufactured from the region of the workpiece having a refined grain structure by first forming a region having a refined grain structure in a workpiece and then forming the rivet. The refined grain structure results in improved mechanical properties, such as formability, strength, toughness, ductility, corrosion resistance, and fatigue resistance. The improved formability of the rivet reduces the formation and propagation of cracks during the manufacture and installation of the rivets.

摘要翻译： 提供了具有改进的成形性的铆钉。 铆钉在一端具有头部的柄。 柄和头部具有精细的晶粒结构。 通过首先在工件上形成具有精细晶粒结构的区域，然后形成铆钉，由具有精细晶粒结构的工件的区域制造铆钉。 精细的晶粒结构可以提高成形性，强度，韧性，延展性，耐腐蚀性和耐疲劳性等机械性能。 铆钉的改进成形性降低了在制造和安装铆钉期间裂缝的形成和传播。

公开(公告)号：US6045027A

公开(公告)日：2000-04-04

申请号：US34888

申请日：1998-03-04

申请人： Charles D. Rosen ,  Edward Litwinski ,  Juan M. Valdez

发明人： Charles D. Rosen ,  Edward Litwinski ,  Juan M. Valdez

IPC分类号： B23K20/12 ,  B23K33/00 ,  B23K31/02 ,  B23K37/00

CPC分类号： B29C66/1142 ,  B23K20/122 ,  B23K33/00 ,  B29C65/0681 ,  B29C66/12449 ,  B29C66/12464 ,  B29C66/12469 ,  B29C66/1248 ,  B29C66/12841 ,  B29C66/1286 ,  B29C66/14 ,  B29C66/43 ,  B29C66/81429 ,  B29C66/836 ,  B29C66/81422

摘要： The present invention provides novel joint designs and methods for holding together and drawing together interface edges of workpieces during friction stir welding. The method includes providing an interface edge (30A) on a first workpiece (20A), and an interface edge (30B) on a second workpiece (20B) that is complementary with the interface edge of the first workpiece. The interface edges cooperate with consumable pins (38) to hold the first and second workpieces together. In a preferred embodiment, the interface edges cooperate to draw the first and second workpieces together when a load in a direction normal to the interfaces is applied along the mated interfaces.

摘要翻译： 本发明提供了用于在摩擦搅拌焊接期间将工件的界面边缘保持在一起并将其汇集在一起​​的新型接头设计和方法。 该方法包括在第一工件（20A）上提供接口边缘（30A），以及在第二工件（20B）上与第一工件的接合边缘互补的接口边缘（30B）。 接口边缘与消耗销（38）配合以将第一和第二工件保持在一起。 在优选实施例中，当沿着配合接口施加垂直于接口的方向的负载时，接口边缘协作以将第一和第二工件拉到一起。

公开(公告)号：US07534079B2

公开(公告)日：2009-05-19

申请号：US10631907

申请日：2003-07-31

申请人： Edward Litwinski ,  Rahmatollah F. Toosky

发明人： Edward Litwinski ,  Rahmatollah F. Toosky

IPC分类号： F16B19/04

CPC分类号： B23K20/1275 ,  B21J15/027

摘要： A rivet having improved formability is provided. The rivet has a shank having a head at one end. The shank and the head have a refined grain structure. The rivet is manufactured from the region of the workpiece having a refined grain structure by first forming a region having a refined grain structure in a workpiece and then forming the rivet. The refined grain structure results in improved mechanical properties, such as formability, strength, toughness, ductility, corrosion resistance, and fatigue resistance. The improved formability of the rivet reduces the formation and propagation of cracks during the manufacture and installation of the rivets.

摘要翻译： 提供了具有改进的成形性的铆钉。 铆钉在一端具有头部的柄。 柄和头部具有精细的晶粒结构。 通过首先在工件上形成具有精细晶粒结构的区域，然后形成铆钉，由具有精细晶粒结构的工件的区域制造铆钉。 精细的晶粒结构可以提高成形性，强度，韧性，延展性，耐腐蚀性和耐疲劳性等机械性能。 铆钉的改进成形性降低了在制造和安装铆钉期间裂缝的形成和传播。

公开(公告)号：US06227430B1

公开(公告)日：2001-05-08

申请号：US09070551

申请日：1998-04-30

申请人： Charles D. Rosen ,  Edward Litwinski ,  Juan M. Valdez

发明人： Charles D. Rosen ,  Edward Litwinski ,  Juan M. Valdez

IPC分类号： B23K2012

CPC分类号： B23K20/129 ,  B23K20/1255

摘要： The present invention provides a novel pin design for a friction stir welding (FSW) tool that can penetrate more deeply into workpieces to form a thicker weld joint without overloading the tool. The pin is provided with threads on its surface. Some portions of the threads are in a positive hand (d2, d3); positive threads screw in to draw the pin into workpieces when the pin is rotated. Other portions of the threads are in a negative hand (d1, d4); negative threads screw out to oppose drawing-in of the pin. When the pin is rotated and driven into workpieces under an applied vertical load, the positive threads encourage penetration of the pin into the workpieces while the negative threads enhance shearing of workpiece material into particles. The positive threads thus reduce the amount of vertical load required to drive the pin, and therefore allow the pin to penetrate more deeply into workpieces to form a thicker weld joint without overloading the tool. Preferably, the pin diameter is decreased from its proximal end (d1) to its distal end (d4), either discretely in steps or linearly in a tapering manner. The reducing profile of the pin further eases penetration of the pin into workpieces, and also reduces the amount of transverse welding load required to traverse the pin along the weld interface.

摘要翻译： 本发明提供了一种用于摩擦搅拌焊接（FSW）工具的新型销设计，其可以更深入地渗透到工件中以形成较厚的焊接接头而不会使工具过载。 销在其表面上设有螺纹。 螺纹的一些部分是正手（d2，d3）; 当销旋转时，正螺纹被拧入以将销拉入工件。 线的其他部分是负手（d1，d4）; 负螺纹拧出以反对引脚插入。 当销在施加的垂直载荷下旋转并被驱动到工件中时，正螺纹促使销穿入工件中，而负螺纹将工件材料剪切成颗粒。 正螺纹因此减少了驱动销所需的垂直载荷量，因此允许销更深地穿入工件以形成较厚的焊接接头而不会使工具过载。 优选地，销直径从其近端（d1）减小到其远端（d4），离散地以渐缩的方式逐步或线性地减小。 销的减小轮廓进一步简化了销钉到工件中的穿透，并且还减少了沿着焊接界面穿过销所需的横向焊接负载的量。

公开(公告)号：US5971252A

公开(公告)日：1999-10-26

申请号：US70703

申请日：1998-04-30

申请人： Charles D. Rosen ,  Edward Litwinski ,  Juan M. Valdez

发明人： Charles D. Rosen ,  Edward Litwinski ,  Juan M. Valdez

IPC分类号： B23K20/12

CPC分类号： B23K20/1265 ,  B23K2203/10

摘要： The present invention provides an in-process method to repair voids in an aluminum alloy, particularly a friction stir weld in an aluminum alloy. For repairing a circular void or an in-process exit hole in a weld, the method includes the steps of fabricating filler material of the same composition or compatible with the parent material into a plug form to be fitted into the void, positioning the plug in the void, and friction stir welding over and through the plug. For repairing a longitudinal void (30), the method includes machining the void area to provide a trough (34) that subsumes the void, fabricating filler metal into a strip form (36) to be fitted into the trough, positioning the strip in the trough, and rewelding the void area by traversing a friction stir welding tool longitudinally through the strip. The method is also applicable for repairing welds made by a fusing welding process or voids in aluminum alloy workpieces themselves.

摘要翻译： 本发明提供一种修复铝合金中的空隙的工艺方法，特别是铝合金中的摩擦搅拌焊接。 为了修补焊缝中的圆形空隙或在工艺中的出口孔，该方法包括以下步骤：将相同组成的填充材料制成或与母材相配合成插入空隙中的塞子形式，将插头定位在 空隙和摩擦搅拌焊接并穿过插头。 为了修复纵向空隙（30），该方法包括加工空隙区域以提供包围空隙的槽（34），将填充金属制成带状（36）以装配到槽中，将带定位在 槽，并且通过纵向穿过条带横移摩擦搅拌焊接工具来重新焊接空隙区域。 该方法也适用于修补由熔接焊接工艺制成的焊缝或铝合金工件本身的空隙。

公开(公告)号：US06865919B2

公开(公告)日：2005-03-15

申请号：US10606564

申请日：2003-06-26

申请人： Edward Litwinski ,  Steven G. Keener

发明人： Edward Litwinski ,  Steven G. Keener

IPC分类号： B21C23/00 ,  B22D23/00 ,  B23K1/06 ,  B23K20/12 ,  B23K35/14

CPC分类号： B23K20/1275

摘要： The apparatus for operating on a workpiece includes a die defining first and second apertures and an interior therebetween. The first aperture and the interior of the die are structured to receive the workpiece. The interior of the die can be structured to shape the workpiece into a predetermined configuration. The apparatus includes at least one rotatable pin extending at least partially into the interior of the die. The pin is structured to at least partially stir the workpiece as the workpiece moves through the interior of the die to thereby refine the grain structure of the workpiece.

摘要翻译： 用于在工件上操作的装置包括限定第一和第二孔的模具以及它们之间的内部。 模具的第一孔和内部被构造成接收工件。 模具的内部可以被构造成将工件成形为预定的构造。 该装置包括至少一个至少部分地延伸到模具内部的可旋转销。 该销被构造成在工件移动通过模具内部时至少部分地搅拌工件，从而细化工件的晶粒结构。

公开(公告)号：US06843404B2

公开(公告)日：2005-01-18

申请号：US10631906

申请日：2003-07-31

申请人： Edward Litwinski ,  Rahmatollah F. Toosky

发明人： Edward Litwinski ,  Rahmatollah F. Toosky

IPC分类号： B23K20/12 ,  B21K1/58 ,  B21K1/62 ,  B23K1/00 ,  B23K31/02 ,  C22F1/04 ,  C22F1/18 ,  F16B19/08

CPC分类号： B23K20/1275 ,  B21J15/027

摘要： A rivet having improved formability is provided. The rivet has a shank having a head at one end. The shank and the head have a refined grain structure. The rivet is manufactured from the region of the workpiece having a refined grain structure by first forming a region having a refined grain structure in a workpiece and then forming the rivet. The refined grain structure results in improved mechanical properties, such as formability, strength, toughness, ductility, corrosion resistance, and fatigue resistance. The improved formability of the rivet reduces the formation and propagation of cracks during the manufacture and installation of the rivets.