摘要:
A wireline logging tool and method for fluid monitoring and flow characterization in individual zones of controlled salinity is disclosed. The tool and method advantageously facilitate zone-specific testing. Sets of packers are used to create hydraulically distinct zones proximate to the tool. Coiled tubing and isolation valves are used to selectively introduce and remove an electrically conductive fluid such as brine to and from a selected zone. Individual sensors are disposed near each zone to make zone-specific measurements while fluid properties are changed, e.g., while salinity is changed to cause salinity fronts in the formation.
摘要:
A wireline logging tool and method for fluid monitoring and flow characterization in individual zones of controlled salinity is disclosed. The tool and method advantageously facilitate zone-specific testing. Sets of packers are used to create hydraulically distinct zones proximate to the tool. Coiled tubing and isolation valves are used to selectively introduce and remove an electrically conductive fluid such as brine to and from a selected zone. Individual sensors are disposed near each zone to make zone-specific measurements while fluid properties are changed, e.g. while salinity is changed to cause salinity fronts in the formation.
摘要:
A wireline logging tool and method for fluid monitoring and flow characterization in individual zones of controlled salinity is disclosed. The tool and method advantageously facilitate zone-specific testing. Sets of packers are used to create hydraulically distinct zones proximate to the tool. Coiled tubing and isolation valves are used to selectively introduce and remove an electrically conductive fluid such as brine to and from a selected zone. Individual sensors are disposed near each zone to make zone-specific measurements while fluid properties are changed, e.g. while salinity is changed to cause salinity fronts in the formation.
摘要:
An example instrumented formation tester for injecting fluids and monitoring of fluids described herein includes a downhole tool which can be deployed in a wellbore via a wireline or a drill string. The downhole tool may facilitate the injection of fluids into an underground formation, and the monitoring of the directions in which the injected fluids flow in the formation in an open hole environment. In particular, the downhole tool may be configured for removing the mud cake from a portion of the wellbore wall for facilitating a fluid communication with the formation to be tested.
摘要:
A technique includes measuring a first pressure of well fluid in a first region. The well fluid is produced from a formation into the first region. A second pressure of well fluid is measured in a second region. The second region is isolated from the first region, and the well fluid in the second region is in communication with the formation characteristics (skin, horizontal permeability or vertical permeability, as examples) of the formation is determined from the first and second measured pressures.
摘要:
An example instrumented formation tester for injecting fluids and monitoring of fluids described herein includes a downhole tool which can be deployed in a wellbore via a wireline or a drill string. The downhole tool may facilitate the injection of fluids into an underground formation, and the monitoring of the directions in which the injected fluids flow in the formation in an open hole environment. In particular, the downhole tool may be configured for removing the mud cake from a portion of the wellbore wall for facilitating a fluid communication with the formation to be tested.
摘要:
A downhole-reconfigurable tool string is utilized to obtain targeted measurements for formation evaluation and reservoir characterization. Tool string hardware and corresponding analysis software are dynamically adjusted to meet specific reservoir description needs identified during or before the logging run with the downhole-reconfigurable tool string. A technique for utilizing the downhole-reconfigurable tool string includes four different steps. The first step includes detecting first order features and identifying second order features. The second step includes enhancing measurements relative to the second order features by reconfiguring tool hardware to extract at least the desired information of the reservoir in terms of its static and dynamic properties, and software focusing to enhance the sensitivity to a particular reservoir attribute. The third step is performing an inversion to reconstruct the reservoir property as accurately as possible. The fourth step is using these properties and the planned production/injection data to recommend suitable monitoring schema.
摘要:
Methods and apparatus for estimating values for formation parameters such as permeability, relative permeability, and skin factors for a plurality of locations in the formation are provided. Fluid is forced into a capped borehole at a measured rate, and a borehole logging tool is run in the borehole to measure indications of pressure and conductivity. Estimates of the parameters and the measured fluid flow rate(s) into the formation are used in conjunction with a jointly inverted pressure transient model and saturation-conductivity model in order to compute indications of expected pressure and indications of expected conductivity-related profiles as a function of depth and time. The expected pressures and expected conductivity related profile indications are then compared to the pressures and conductivity indications measured by the borehole logging tool, and an iterated comparison between the computed values and the measured values is used to provide determinations of the formation parameters. According to a preferred embodiment, the pressure transient model is for compressible flow and provides an estimated calculated fluid flow into the layers of the formation; the estimated calculated fluid flow being an input to the saturation-conductivity model which is for incompressible flow.
摘要:
A zero-emissions power plant receives natural gas from wells at elevated pressure and temperature. Gas is expanded through one or more turbo-expanders, preferably reformed, and sent to a fuel cell where electricity, heat, carbon-dioxide, and water are generated. The carbon-dioxide is compressed by at least one compressor and piped downhole for sequestration. The turbo-expanders have shafts which preferably share the shafts of the compressors. Thus, energy given up by the natural gas in the turbo-expanders is used to run compressors which compress carbon dioxide for downhole sequestration. In one embodiment, the natural gas is applied to heat exchangers in order to generate a stream of liquid natural gas. The remainder of the gas is expanded through the turbo-expanders and processed in the reformer prior to being sent to the fuel cell. A shifter may be used between the reformer and fuel cell. A solid oxide fuel cell is preferred.
摘要:
Methods and systems are provided where a production gas stream including natural gas and carbon dioxide is separated downhole using dual reflux pressure swing adsorption with the natural gas being produced and the carbon dioxide being directed for downhole storage (sequestration).