公开(公告)号：US5700367A

公开(公告)日：1997-12-23

申请号：US636401

申请日：1996-04-23

申请人： Tessho Yamada ,  Katsuhisa Yabuta ,  Takeshi Kawai ,  Hideki Toyoda

发明人： Tessho Yamada ,  Katsuhisa Yabuta ,  Takeshi Kawai ,  Hideki Toyoda

IPC分类号： F02D41/14 ,  G01N27/406 ,  G01N27/419 ,  G01N27/409

CPC分类号： G01N27/419 ,  F02D41/1494 ,  G01N27/4065

摘要： An oxygen sensor according to the present invention has battery element and a pump element in each of which porous electrodes are disposed on both faces of a solid electrolyte substrate. A minute current is supplied to the battery element after the start of energizing a heater and the activation of the sensor elements are judged on the basis of an interelectrode voltage generated at this energizing. A heater voltage is set to be 12V at the start of energizing. When the time period necessary for the interelectrode voltage to reach a predetermined voltage is short, the applied voltage is lowered to 11V. As a result, the time period necessary for judging the sensor elements to be activated can be made substantially constant irrespective of variations in sensor characteristics. After the activation judgment, the variation of the temperature of the sensor element is monitored on the basis of the interelectrode voltage. When the element temperature is varied, the heater voltage is raised or lowered so that the element temperature is stabilized.

摘要翻译： 根据本发明的氧传感器具有电池元件和泵元件，其中每个多孔电极设置在固体电解质基板的两个面上。 在开始加热加热器之后，向电池元件供给微小的电流，并且基于在该通电时产生的电极间电压来判断传感器元件的启动。 在通电开始时，加热器电压设定为12V。 当电极间电压达到预定电压所需的时间段短时，施加的电压降低到11V。 结果，无论传感器特性的变化如何，可以使用于判断要激活的传感器元件所需的时间段基本上是恒定的。 在激活判断之后，基于电极间电压来监测传感器元件的温度变化。 当元件温度变化时，加热器电压升高或降低，使元件温度稳定。

公开(公告)号：US5976350A

公开(公告)日：1999-11-02

申请号：US920722

申请日：1997-08-29

申请人： Tessho Yamada ,  Takeshi Kawai ,  Yuji Oi ,  Shigeki Mori ,  Satoshi Teramoto ,  Toshiya Matsuoka

发明人： Tessho Yamada ,  Takeshi Kawai ,  Yuji Oi ,  Shigeki Mori ,  Satoshi Teramoto ,  Toshiya Matsuoka

IPC分类号： G01N27/419 ,  F02D41/14 ,  G01N27/406 ,  G01N27/407

CPC分类号： F02D41/1494 ,  G01N27/4065

摘要： A method of detecting an activated condition of a wide range air-fuel ratio sensor is provided. With this method, application of a current to a heater is started idiately after an engine is started (S00). Then, a current Icp for pumping is passed through an electromotive force cell (S10). A lapse of a predetermined time Tin is waited for (S18). After a lapse of time Tin, a voltage Vs across both electrodes of the electromotive force cell is detected (S20) and labeled as Vs0 (S22). Then, application of Icp is suspended (S30) and a routine is held on standby until a time of 25 ms elapses (S35). At the point of time when the time of 25 ms has elapsed, the voltage across the electrodes on the opposite sides of the electromotive force cell is detected (S40) and labeled as Vs1 (S45). A resistance value Rs1 is calculated from Vs0, Vs1 and Icp (S50). The resistance value Rs1 is compared with a value Rss which has been prepared previously (S55) and it is judged, when Rs1 is smaller than Rss, that the electromotive force cell has been put into an activated condition. An apparatus for detecting an activated condition of a wide range air-fuel ratio sensor is also provided.

摘要翻译： 提供一种检测大范围空燃比传感器的激活状态的方法。 利用这种方法，在发动机启动之后，将电流施加到加热器（S00）。 然后，使电流Icp通过电动势电池（S10）。 等待经过预定时间锡（S18）。 经过一段时间后，检测到电动势单元的两个电极之间的电压Vs（S20）并标记为Vs0（S22）。 然后，停止应用Icp（S30），并且程序保持待机直到25ms的时间过去（S35）。 在经过25ms的时间的时刻，检测到电动势单元的相对侧的电极两端的电压（S40），标记为Vs1（S45）。 从Vs0，Vs1和Icp计算电阻值Rs1（S50）。 将电阻值Rs1与先前准备的值Rss进行比较（S55），当Rs1小于Rss时，判断为电动势单元已经处于激活状态。 还提供了用于检测大范围空燃比传感器的激活状态的装置。

公开(公告)号：US6099717A

公开(公告)日：2000-08-08

申请号：US965420

申请日：1997-11-06

申请人： Tessho Yamada ,  Takeshi Kawai ,  Yuji Oi ,  Shigeki Mori ,  Satoshi Teramoto ,  Toshiya Matsuoka

发明人： Tessho Yamada ,  Takeshi Kawai ,  Yuji Oi ,  Shigeki Mori ,  Satoshi Teramoto ,  Toshiya Matsuoka

IPC分类号： F02D41/14 ,  G01N27/407

CPC分类号： F02D41/1495 ,  F02D41/1474 ,  F02D41/1476

摘要： A method of detecting a deteriorated condition of a wide range air-fuel ratio sensor is provided. Firstly, a current is applied to an electromotive force cell to detect a voltage Vs0 across electrodes on opposite side surfaces of the cell. Application of the current is suspended, and a voltage drop Vsd1 across the electrodes is detected after lapse of a time ranging from 10 .mu.s to 1 ms after the application of the current is suspended. Based on the voltage drop Vsd1 is detected a first resistance value Rvs1 equated to the temperature of the electromotive force cell. Further, after lapse of a time ranging from 10 ms to 50 ms after the application of the current to the electromotive force cell is suspended, a voltage drop Vsd2 across the electrodes of the electromotive force cell is detected. Based on the voltage drop Vsd2 is detected a second resistance value Rvs2 equated to an internal resistance of the electromotive force cell including a resistance component resulting from deterioration. By comparison of the resistance values Rvs1 and Rvs2, the deteriorated condition of the wide range air-fuel ratio is detected. An apparatus for carrying out such a method is also provided.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种检测宽范围空燃比传感器劣化状况的方法。 首先，将电流施加到电动势单元以检测电池的相对侧表面上的电极之间的电压Vs0。 电流的施加被暂停，在暂停施加电流之后经过10μs至1ms的时间之后，检测电极两端的电压降Vsd1。 基于电压降Vsd1，检测到等于电动势单元的温度的第一电阻值Rvs1。 此外，在将电流施加到电动势电池之后经过了10ms至50ms的时间之后，检测到电动势单元的电极两端的电压降Vsd2。 基于电压降Vsd2，检测到等于包括由劣化导致的电阻分量的电动势单元的内部电阻的第二电阻值Rvs2。 通过比较电阻值Rvs1和Rvs2，检测宽范围空燃比的恶化条件。 还提供了一种用于执行这种方法的设备。

公开(公告)号：US6120677A

公开(公告)日：2000-09-19

申请号：US903940

申请日：1997-07-31

申请人： Tessho Yamada ,  Takeshi Kawai ,  Yuji Oi ,  Shigeki Mori ,  Satoshi Teramoto ,  Toshiya Matsuoka

发明人： Tessho Yamada ,  Takeshi Kawai ,  Yuji Oi ,  Shigeki Mori ,  Satoshi Teramoto ,  Toshiya Matsuoka

IPC分类号： F02D41/14 ,  G01N27/406 ,  G01N27/407

CPC分类号： G01N27/4065 ,  F02D41/1494

摘要： A constant current Iconst is applied to an electromotive force cell which is interposed between a gap (measurement chamber) of a fixed atmosphere and an oxygen reference chamber of a constant oxygen content, for measurement of a resistance value of the electromotive force cell, whereby the resistance value can be measured accurately irrespective of an oxygen content in an atmosphere to be measured by an oxygen sensor element or cell unit. The resistance value of the electromotive force cell is measured at a predetermined timing T2 after application of a current is started, so that a measure resistance value is free of a variation of a resistance value due to deterioration of porous electrodes of an electromotive force cell, such a variation being included in the measured resistance value in case the measurement is done by using an AC current, and therefore accurate measurement can be attained. A temperature control methods and a temperature control apparatus for an oxygen sensor, capable of detecting the temperature accurately without suspending measurement of an oxygen content for a long period of time are also provided. Further, a temperature control method and a temperature control apparatus for an oxygen sensor, capable of detecting not only the temperature of the electromotive force cell but the temperature of the pump cell by applying a current or voltage to the electromotive force cell are provided.

摘要翻译： 将恒定电流Iconst应用于介于固定气氛的间隙（测量室）和恒定氧含量的氧气参考室之间的电动势单元，用于测量电动势单元的电阻值，由此 可以精确地测量电阻值，而不管氧传感器元件或电池单元测量的气氛中的氧含量如何。 在施加电流开始之后，在预定定时T2测量电动势电池的电阻值，使得测量电阻值不会由于电动势电池的多孔电极的劣化而导致的电阻值的变化， 在通过使用AC电流进行测量的情况下，这种变化被包括在测量的电阻值中，因此可以获得精确的测量。 还提供了一种用于氧传感器的温度控制方法和温度控制装置，其能够准确地检测温度而不长时间地测量氧气含量。 此外，提供了一种用于氧传感器的温度控制方法和温度控制装置，其不仅可以通过向电动势单元施加电流或电压来检测电动势单元的温度，而且可以检测泵室的温度。

公开(公告)号：US5433830A

公开(公告)日：1995-07-18

申请号：US186650

申请日：1994-01-26

申请人： Takeshi Kawai ,  Nobuhiro Hayakawa ,  Tessho Yamada

发明人： Takeshi Kawai ,  Nobuhiro Hayakawa ,  Tessho Yamada

IPC分类号： G01N27/419 ,  G01N27/26

CPC分类号： G01N27/419

摘要： Activation treatment for a zirconia oxygen sensor is performed by applying alternately a treating voltage, which can make an oxygen partial pressure at the electrode-zirconia interface of a sensor equal to or higher than a critical oxygen partial pressure value (10.sup.-34 atm) not to cause blackening, between a pair of electrodes of the sensor at temperatures of 500.degree. to 800.degree. C. As a result, the treatment current flowing through the sensor can always be held below the critical level, whereby the sensor can be activated without causing blackening and other physical structural changes to occur in the zirconia sensing element. If the sensor is to be used in an A/F ratio control or the like on an internal combustion engine, it can be rendered active at all times by the activation treatment during or before or after the control.

摘要翻译： 氧化锆氧传感器的激活处理通过交替施加处理电压来进行，该处理电压可以使传感器的电极 - 氧化锆界面处的氧分压等于或高于临界氧分压值（10-34atm）而不是 在500〜800℃的温度下在传感器的一对电极之间引起黑化。结果，流过传感器的处理电流总是能够保持在临界水平以下，从而可以激活传感器而不引起 氧化锆感应元件中发生黑化和其他物理结构变化。 如果将传感器用于内燃机上的A / F比控制等，则可以通过在控制期间或控制之后或之后的激活处理始终使其变为活动状态。

公开(公告)号：US09182700B2

公开(公告)日：2015-11-10

申请号：US13439513

申请日：2012-04-04

申请人： Fuyuki Kano ,  Takeshi Kawai

发明人： Fuyuki Kano ,  Takeshi Kawai

IPC分类号： G03G15/02

CPC分类号： G03G15/0225

摘要： A cleaning member for an image forming apparatus, includes a core, a foamed elastic layer disposed by winding a strip-shaped foamed elastic member on an outer peripheral surface of the core in a helical form so as to extend from one end of the core to the other end, and a bonding layer for bonding the core and the foamed elastic layer together, wherein the area of a region within a surface at one or both ends at least in a longitudinal direction of the foamed elastic layer on a side facing the outer peripheral surface of the core, contacting the outer peripheral surface of the core via the bonding layer is substantially 35% or more by area ratio per unit area.

摘要翻译： 一种用于图像形成装置的清洁构件，包括芯，发泡弹性层，其通过以螺旋形式将条形泡沫弹性构件卷绕在芯的外周表面上，从而从芯的一端延伸到 另一端和用于将芯和发泡弹性层接合在一起的接合层，其中在发泡弹性层的面向外部的一侧至少在长度方向的一端或两端的表面内的区域的面积 芯的外周面通过接合层与芯的外周面接触，相对于单位面积的面积比大致为35％以上。

公开(公告)号：US08412069B2

公开(公告)日：2013-04-02

申请号：US12758380

申请日：2010-04-12

申请人： Takeshi Kawai ,  Yasuaki Miyazawa ,  Masato Ono

发明人： Takeshi Kawai ,  Yasuaki Miyazawa ,  Masato Ono

IPC分类号： G03G15/02

CPC分类号： G03G15/0225

摘要： A charging unit is provided, the charging unit including: a charging member; and a charging member clean-up member having an elastic layer, the elastic layer containing a silicon oil, wherein a silicone concentration in analyzing the charging member by an x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy satisfies following condition: about 1 atm %≦(difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the silicone concentration in Si2p detected by the x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy above the charging member)≦about 3 atm %.

摘要翻译： 提供充电单元，充电单元包括：充电构件; 以及具有弹性层的充电部件清理部件，弹性层含有硅油，其中通过X射线光电子能谱分析充电部件的硅氧烷浓度满足以下条件：约1atm％＆nlE;（在 通过在充电部件上方的x射线光电子能谱检测的Si2p中的硅氧烷浓度的最大值和最小值）大约3atm％。

公开(公告)号：US08401421B2

公开(公告)日：2013-03-19

申请号：US13038957

申请日：2011-03-02

申请人： Takeshi Kawai

发明人： Takeshi Kawai

IPC分类号： G03G15/02

CPC分类号： G03G15/0233 ,  G03G15/0225 ,  Y10T29/49826

摘要： A charging device includes: a charging component, and a cleaning member for the charging component, containing a substrate and an elastic layer that contains a silicone oil and is arranged in a spiral form on an outer surface of the substrate, the charging device being satisfying a following formula: A≦6 atomic % wherein A is a maximum value of the contents of Si atom constituting a siloxane skeleton with respect to total atoms at a contact part where the charging component is brought into contact with the elastic layer and at a non-contact part where the charging component is not brought into contact with the elastic layer, in which the contents of Si atom are obtained by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy of a surface of the charging component after preparing the elastic layer of the cleaning member for the charging component in an initial state and the charging component in an initial state to bring into contact with each other for 24 hours.

摘要翻译： 充电装置包括：充电部件和用于充电部件的清洁部件，其包含基板和包含硅油的弹性层，并且以螺旋形式布置在基板的外表面上，充电装置满足 下式：A＆nlE; 6原子％其中A是构成硅氧烷骨架的Si原子的含量相对于充电组分与弹性层接触的接触部分处的总原子的最大值， 接触部分，其中充电部件不与弹性层接触，其中通过在制备用于所述第一部件的清洁部件的弹性层的充电部件的表面的X射线光电子能谱法获得Si原子的含量 充电部件处于初始状态，充电部件处于初始状态，使其彼此接触24小时。

公开(公告)号：US07964073B2

公开(公告)日：2011-06-21

申请号：US11604218

申请日：2006-11-27

申请人： Masamichi Hiraiwa ,  Takeshi Kawai ,  Satoshi Teramoto ,  Shigeki Mori ,  Hiroshi Inagaki

发明人： Masamichi Hiraiwa ,  Takeshi Kawai ,  Satoshi Teramoto ,  Shigeki Mori ,  Hiroshi Inagaki

IPC分类号： G01N27/419

CPC分类号： G01N27/419

摘要： Using a gas detection voltage Vs output from a terminal CU, a determination is made at to whether, after startup of an air-fuel ratio detection apparatus (1), a full-range air-fuel ratio sensor (10) has reached a semi-activated state in which a determination can be made as to whether the air-fuel ratio is on the rich or lean side based on a change in a gas detection signal Vic. After determining that the sensor has reached the semi-activated state, the signal Vic is compared with a threshold to determine whether the air-fuel ratio is on the rich or lean side. In the apparatus (1), the potential difference between an outer pump electrode of a pump cell (14) and a reference electrode of an oxygen concentration measurement cell (24) is obtained via a first differential amplification circuit (53) as the gas detection signal Vic, the signal Vic being highly responsive to a change in air-fuel ratio of exhaust gas.

摘要翻译： 使用从端子CU输出的气体检测电压Vs，判定在空燃比检测装置（1）启动后，全范围空燃比传感器（10）到达半空 基于气体检测信号Vic的变化，能够进行空燃比是富气还是偏侧的判定。 在确定传感器已经达到半激活状态之后，将信号Vic与阈值进行比较，以确定空燃比是富有还是偏侧。 在装置（1）中，通过作为气体检测器的第一差分放大电路（53）获得泵电池（14）的外泵电极与氧浓度测定电池（24）的参比电极之间的电位差 信号Vic，信号Vic对废气的空燃比变化高度响应。

公开(公告)号：US07405331B2

公开(公告)日：2008-07-29

申请号：US10512990

申请日：2003-04-24

申请人： Toshio Hidaka ,  Norio Fushimi ,  Takafumi Yoshimura ,  Takeshi Kawai

发明人： Toshio Hidaka ,  Norio Fushimi ,  Takafumi Yoshimura ,  Takeshi Kawai

IPC分类号： C07C22/08

CPC分类号： C07C45/41 ,  C07B39/00 ,  C07C29/147 ,  C07C39/24 ,  C07C45/45 ,  C07C45/63 ,  C07C47/55 ,  C07C49/80 ,  C07C51/04 ,  C07C51/62 ,  C07C67/307 ,  C07C211/29 ,  C07C233/65 ,  C07C255/50 ,  C07C63/72 ,  C07C63/70 ,  C07C69/76 ,  C07C33/46

摘要： The process for producing a (fluoroalkyl)benzene derivative according to the present invention comprises a step of reducing the total content of group 3 to group 12 transition metals in an alkylbenzene derivative to 500 ppm or less in terms of metal atoms; a step of halogenating the branched alkyl group of the purified alkylbenzene derivative by a photohalogenation to obtain a (haloalkyl)benzene derivative; and a step of subjecting the (haloalkyl)benzene derivative to a halogen-fluorine exchange using HF in an amount of 10 mol or higher per one mole of the (haloalkyl)benzene derivative. The (fluoroalkyl)benzene derivative produced by the process is reduced in the content of impurities such as residual halogens and residual metals, and is useful as intermediates for functional chemical products for use in applications such as medicines and electronic materials.

摘要翻译： 本发明的（氟代烷基）苯衍生物的制造方法包括使烷基苯衍生物中的第1族第1族过渡金属的含量以金属原子换算为500ppm以下的步骤; 通过光卤化来卤化纯化的烷基苯衍生物的支链烷基以获得（卤代烷基）苯衍生物的步骤; 以及使用每10摩尔（卤代烷基）苯衍生物为10摩尔以上的HF的（卤代烷基）苯衍生物进行卤 - 氟交换的工序。 通过该方法制备的（氟代烷基）苯衍生物的残留卤素和残余金属等杂质含量降低，可用作药物和电子材料等应用中的功能性化学产品的中间体。