公开(公告)号：US5635631A

公开(公告)日：1997-06-03

申请号：US490944

申请日：1995-06-15

申请人： Michael Yesudas ,  John M. Michaels ,  Saeed Rafie ,  Than Shwe

发明人： Michael Yesudas ,  John M. Michaels ,  Saeed Rafie ,  Than Shwe

IPC分类号： E21B49/00 ,  E21B49/10 ,  G01N7/14 ,  G01N33/28 ,  G01N7/00

CPC分类号： E21B49/008 ,  E21B49/10 ,  G01N33/2823 ,  G01N7/14

摘要： A method of determining an amount of dissolved gas in a fluid sample is disclosed. The method includes hydraulically confining and expanding the sample while measuring pressure and volume. A first volume and pressure are determined at which the rate of change in pressure with respect to volume deviates from a linear relationship. A second volume and pressure at which continued expansion of the fluid causes substantially no change in pressure is determined. The first pressure and volume are extrapolated by the linear relationship to intersect an extrapolation from the second volume and pressure at no change in pressure, thereby determining a bubble point comprising a bubble point pressure and a bubble point volume. A third pressure corresponding to measured pressure of the fluid sample at the bubble point volume is determined. An extrapolated sample volume is determined at the third pressure by extrapolating the linear relationship from the bubble point to a sample volume along the linear relationship corresponding to the third pressure. A volume of gas dissolved in the fluid sample is determined by linearly scaling a difference between the bubble point volume and the extrapolated sample volume with respect to a difference between the second volume and the bubble point volume.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the sample is withdrawn into a sample chamber in an electric wireline formation test tool having a means for measuring pressure and volume of the sample chamber.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种确定流体样品中溶解气体量的方法。 该方法包括在测量压力和体积的同时液压地限制和膨胀样品。 确定压力相对于体积的变化率偏离线性关系的第一体积和压力。 确定流体的持续膨胀基本上不产生压力变化的第二体积和压力。 第一压力和体积通过线性关系外推，以与第二体积的外推和压力无变化相交，从而确定包含泡点压力和泡点体积的泡点。 确定对应于在泡点体积处的流体样品的测量压力的第三压力。 通过沿对应于第三压力的线性关系外推从气泡点到样品体积的线性关系，在第三压力下确定外推样品体积。 溶解在流体样品中的体积的气体通过相对于第二体积和泡点体积之间的差异线性缩放泡泡体积和外推样品体积之间的差异来确定。 在本发明的优选实施例中，将样品取回到具有用于测量样品室的压力和体积的装置的电缆线形成测试工具中的样品室中。

公开(公告)号：US5549159A

公开(公告)日：1996-08-27

申请号：US493802

申请日：1995-06-22

申请人： Than Shwe ,  John M. Michaels

发明人： Than Shwe ,  John M. Michaels

IPC分类号： E21B33/124 ,  E21B49/08 ,  E21B49/10

CPC分类号： E21B33/1243 ,  E21B49/082 ,  E21B49/10

摘要： An apparatus for withdrawing fluid from an earth formation comprising an elongated housing, a first inflatable elastomeric seal adapted to expansively fill an annular space between the housing and the wall of a wellbore. The seal includes axially spaced seal lips protruding from a surface of the seal. The seal lips circumscribe the seal and define a flow channel therebetween. The flow channel includes radially spaced filler blocks which divide the channel into radial segments. Each segment further includes a flow port. The apparatus includes means for inflating the seal. The apparatus includes valves connected to each of the flow ports for connecting selected flow ports to an intake of a fluid pump and connecting selected other flow ports to a discharge port of the pump. The pump is operable in conjunction with the valves to withdraw fluid from selected flow ports and to discharge fluid into other flow ports. The apparatus includes a fluid discharge port connected to the valves, and in hydraulic communication with the wellbore so that fluid withdrawn from the flow ports can be discharged into the wellbore, and fluid withdrawn from the wellbore can be discharged through the flow ports. The apparatus includes a pressure transducer connected to the pump intake so that a pressure of the fluid withdrawn is determined. A preferred embodiment includes a second pressure transducer connected to the pump discharge and differential pressure transducers interconnected between adjacent flow ports to measure radial differences in pressure.

摘要翻译： 一种用于从包括细长壳体的地层中抽出流体的装置，适于膨胀地填充壳体与井眼壁之间的环形空间的第一可充气弹性体密封件。 密封件包括从密封件的表面突出的轴向隔开的密封唇。 密封唇限定密封并在其间限定流动通道。 流动通道包括径向隔开的填充块，其将通道分成径向段。 每个段还包括流动端口。 该装置包括用于使密封件充气的装置。 该装置包括连接到每个流动端口的阀，用于将所选择的流动端口连接到流体泵的入口，并将所选择的其它流动端口连接到泵的排出口。 泵可与阀一起操作以从选定的流动端口抽出流体并将流体排放到其它流动端口中。 该装置包括连接到阀的流体排放端口，并且与井筒液压连通，使得从流动端口排出的流体可以排放到井筒中，并且从井眼排出的流体可以通过流动口排出。 该装置包括连接到泵入口的压力传感器，以便确定所提取的流体的压力。 优选实施例包括连接到泵排出口的第二压力传感器和在相邻流动端口之间互连的差压变送器，以测量压力的径向差异。

公开(公告)号：US5587525A

公开(公告)日：1996-12-24

申请号：US429722

申请日：1995-04-27

申请人： Than Shwe ,  John M. Michaels

发明人： Than Shwe ,  John M. Michaels

IPC分类号： E21B49/00 ,  E21B49/10 ,  G01N7/14 ,  G01N33/28 ,  E21B47/06

CPC分类号： E21B49/008 ,  E21B49/10 ,  G01N33/2823 ,  G01N7/14

摘要： A method of determining the volume of a fluid sample withdrawn from an earth formation penetrated by a wellbore is disclosed. The method includes the step of positioning a formation testing tool adjacent to the earth formation. The tool includes a probe which can be selectively placed in hydraulic communication with the formation and excluded from hydraulic communication with the wellbore. The probe can be in hydraulic communication with a pressure transducer. The tool includes a sample chamber selectively placed in hydraulic communication with the probe. The chamber includes means for measuring the volume of the chamber and means for selectively controlling the volume of the chamber. The method further includes the steps of placing the probe in hydraulic communication with the formation, placing the sample chamber in hydraulic communication with the probe and selectively increasing the volume of the chamber while measuring the volume of the chamber and the pressure, determining the volume of the chamber when a fluid from the wellbore disposed within the probe at the start of withdrawal of the sample ceases to expand, by determining an expansion volume at which the pressure decreases less rapidly with respect to an increase in chamber volume, and determining the volume of the fluid sample by subtracting the expansion volume from a total volume of fluid withdrawn into the sample chamber.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种确定从井眼渗透的地层中取出的流体样品的体积的方法。 该方法包括将地层测试工具定位成与地层相邻的步骤。 该工具包括探头，该探头可选择性地与地层液压连通并排除与井筒的液压连通。 探头可以与压力传感器液压连接。 该工具包括选择性地与探头液压连通的样品室。 该室包括用于测量室的体积的装置和用于选择性地控制室的体积的装置。 该方法还包括以下步骤：将探头放置在与地层液压连通的位置，使样本室与探针液压连通，并选择性地增加腔室的体积，同时测量腔室的体积和压力， 当通过确定压力相对于室容积的增加而快速减小的膨胀体积而确定在开始抽出样品时来自设置在探针内的井筒中的流体停止膨胀的腔室，并且确定 流体样品通过从引入样品室的总体积的体积中减去膨胀体积。

公开(公告)号：US5473939A

公开(公告)日：1995-12-12

申请号：US48814

申请日：1993-04-16

申请人： John L. Leder ,  John M. Michaels ,  Than Shwe ,  John C. Anderson

发明人： John L. Leder ,  John M. Michaels ,  Than Shwe ,  John C. Anderson

IPC分类号： E21B49/00 ,  E21B49/10 ,  G01N7/14 ,  G01N33/28 ,  E21B47/00

CPC分类号： E21B23/06 ,  E21B49/008 ,  E21B49/10 ,  G01N33/2823 ,  G01N7/14

摘要： A method and apparatus for conducting in situ tests on a subsurface earth formation of interest which is traversed by a wellbore. A wireline formation testing instrument is positioned at formation depth and a sampling probe thereof is extended into fluid communication with the formation and isolated from wellbore pressure. Utilizing a hydraulically energized double-acting bi-directional piston pump and by valve controlled selection of pumping direction testing fluid such as completion fluid may be pumped into the formation through the sampling probe either from fluid reservoirs of the instrument or from the wellbore. After reversing the operating and control valving of the pump and instrument, the piston pump is utilized to extract formation fluid from the formation and pump it to sample tanks of the instrument, pump it into the wellbore or subject it to controlled pressure for real time formation testing and for formation characterization. The pumping mechanism of the formation testing instrument includes a pump-through capability for unlimited pumping of formation fluid to permit effective removal of filtrate, sand, rocks and other debris until an uncontaminated formation fluid sample can be recovered for testing. The piston pump and valving arrangement further permits successive draw-down of minute volumes for rapidly determining formation pressure and permits bubble point pressure and fluid compressibility testing to enable bubble point pressure and fluid compressibility profile plots for formation characterization.

摘要翻译： 一种用于在井眼穿过的感兴趣的地下地层进行原位测试的方法和装置。 电缆形成测试仪器位于地层深度，其采样探头延伸成与地层的流体连通并与井眼压力隔离。 利用液压双作用双向活塞泵和通过气门控制选择泵送方向测试流体（如完井液）可以通过采样探头从仪器的流体储存器或井筒中泵送到地层中。 在反转泵和仪器的操作和控制阀门之后，使用活塞泵从地层中提取地层流体并将其泵送到仪器的采样罐中，将其泵送到井筒中或将其控制到受控的压力以实时形成 测试和形成表征。 地层测试仪器的泵送机构包括泵送能力，用于无限地泵送地层流体，以有效地去除滤液，沙子，岩石和其他碎屑，直到可以回收未污染的地层流体样品进行测试。 活塞泵和阀门装置进一步允许连续地抽取微小体积以快速确定地层压力，并允许气泡点压力和流体压缩性测试，以实现用于形成表征的泡点压力和流体压缩特性曲线图。

公开(公告)号：US06581455B1

公开(公告)日：2003-06-24

申请号：US09703645

申请日：2000-11-01

申请人： Per-Erik Berger ,  Volker Krueger ,  Matthias Meister ,  John M. Michaels ,  Jaedong Lee

发明人： Per-Erik Berger ,  Volker Krueger ,  Matthias Meister ,  John M. Michaels ,  Jaedong Lee

IPC分类号： E21B4708

CPC分类号： E21B21/103 ,  E21B33/1243 ,  E21B43/26 ,  E21B49/008 ,  E21B49/06 ,  E21B49/08 ,  E21B49/10

摘要： An apparatus and method for obtaining samples of pristine formation or; formation fluid, using a work string designed for performing other downhole work such as drilling, workover operations, or re-entry operations. An extendable element extends against the formation wall to obtain the pristine formation or fluid sample. The apparatus includes at least one extendable gripper element for anchoring the apparatus during testing and sampling operations.

摘要翻译： 一种用于获得原始形成样品的设备和方法; 地层流体，使用设计用于执行其他井下作业的工作柱，例如钻井，修井操作或重新进入操作。 可延伸元件抵靠地层壁延伸以获得原始地层或流体样品。 该装置包括用于在测试和取样操作期间锚定该装置的至少一个可延伸夹持元件。

公开(公告)号：US4507957A

公开(公告)日：1985-04-02

申请号：US495313

申请日：1983-05-16

申请人： Marshall N. Montgomery ,  John M. Michaels

发明人： Marshall N. Montgomery ,  John M. Michaels

IPC分类号： E21B49/10 ,  E21B47/00

CPC分类号： E21B49/10

摘要： Apparatus is provided for collecting a plurality of samples of fluids in earth formations traversed by a well bore. The sampling apparatus includes an elongated body member adapted to carry an extensible and retractible fluid admitting probe which is selectively placed in sealing engagement with potentially producible earth formations. The fluid admitting probe is coupled to a fluid passage which is selectively placed into fluid communication with a fluid sample collection chamber. A selectively controllable pressure control system located in the fluid passage intermediate the fluid admitting probe and the sample collection chamber allows the flowing pressure within the formation fluid sample line to be maintained at any selected pressure level functionally related to hydrostatic pressure during fluid sample collection.

摘要翻译： 设备用于收集由井眼穿过的地层中的多个流体样本。 采样设备包括细长本体构件，其适于携带可伸缩的流体入口探针，该探针选择性地与潜在可生产的地层结合密封接合。 流体允许探针联接到流体通道，该流体通道选择性地与流体样品收集室流体连通。 位于流体入口探针和样品收集室中间的流体通道中的选择性可控的压力控制系统允许地层流体样品管线内的流动压力保持在与流体样品收集期间的静水压力功能相关的任何选定的压力水平。

公开(公告)号：US06640908B2

公开(公告)日：2003-11-04

申请号：US10213865

申请日：2002-08-07

申请人： Stanley C. Jones ,  John M. Michaels ,  Jaedong Lee ,  Matthias Meister ,  Volker Krueger

发明人： Stanley C. Jones ,  John M. Michaels ,  Jaedong Lee ,  Matthias Meister ,  Volker Krueger

IPC分类号： E21B4910

CPC分类号： E21B44/00 ,  E21B49/008 ,  E21B49/10

摘要： A minimum volume apparatus and method is provided including a tool for obtaining at least one parameter of interest of a subterranean formation in-situ, the tool comprising a carrier member, a selectively extendable member mounted on the carrier for isolating a portion of annulus, a port exposable to formation fluid in the isolated annulus space, a piston integrally disposed within the extendable member for urging the fluid into the port, and a sensor operatively associated with the port for detecting at least one parameter of interest of the fluid.

公开(公告)号：US5770798A

公开(公告)日：1998-06-23

申请号：US599337

申请日：1996-02-09

申请人： Daniel T. Georgi ,  John M. Michaels ,  Michael J. Moody

发明人： Daniel T. Georgi ,  John M. Michaels ,  Michael J. Moody

IPC分类号： E21B49/00 ,  E21B49/10

CPC分类号： E21B49/008 ,  E21B49/10

摘要： An apparatus and method for evaluating formation damage proximate to the surface of a rock. The invention is applicable to surface tests and to tests downhole in a borehole. A first hollow probe sealingly contacts the rock surface to define a first surface area, and the pressure within the hollow probe is decreased to monitor resulting pressure changes. A second hollow probe contacts the rock surface to define a second surface area having a different size than the first surface area, and the pressure within the hollow second probe is decreased to monitor resulting pressure changes. Differences in the observed pressure changes can be analyzed to evaluate formation damage to the rock surface and near surface. In particular, the thickness of formation damage, and permeability losses caused by such damage, can be assessed. Alternatively, fluid pressure can be injected into the first and second volumes to evaluate the subsequent pressure reduction.

摘要翻译： 一种用于评估靠近岩石表面的地层损伤的装置和方法。 本发明适用于井眼测试和井下测试。 第一中空探针密封地接触岩石表面以限定第一表面区域，并且减小中空探针内的压力以监测所产生的压力变化。 第二中空探针接触岩石表面以限定具有与第一表面区域不同的尺寸的第二表面区域，并且降低中空第二探针内的压力以监测所产生的压力变化。 可以分析观察到的压力变化的差异，以评估对岩石表面和近地表的地层损伤。 特别是，可以评估地层损伤的厚度和由这种损伤引起的渗透性损失。 或者，可以将流体压力注入第一和第二体积以评估随后的压力降低。

公开(公告)号：US5549162A

公开(公告)日：1996-08-27

申请号：US498540

申请日：1995-07-05

申请人： Michael J. Moody ,  Michael Yesudas ,  John M. Michaels

发明人： Michael J. Moody ,  Michael Yesudas ,  John M. Michaels

IPC分类号： E21B49/10

CPC分类号： E21B49/10

摘要： The present invention is a sample tank for storing and transporting a fluid sample withdrawn from an earth formation by a formation fluid sampling tool. The sample tank includes a storage cylinder adapted to withstand high internal pressure. The storage cylinder is selectively hydraulically connected to the sampling tool for conducting the fluid sample into the storage cylinder. A fusible metal substantially surrounds the storage cylinder. The fusible metal has a melting temperature not more than the temperature of the fluid sample, so that solidification of the fusible metal maintains the fluid sample substantially at the melting temperature of the fusible metal during solidification of the fusible metal as the tool is withdrawn from the wellbore and cooled. The fusible metal is surrounded by an outer housing which contains the fusible metal when it is in a liquid state.

摘要翻译： 本发明是一种用于储存和输送通过地层流体采样工具从地层中取出的流体样品的样品槽。 样品罐包括适于承受高内压的储存筒。 存储筒选择性地液压地连接到采样工具，用于将流体样品导入储存筒。 易熔金属基本上围绕存储筒。 熔融金属的熔融温度不高于流体样品的温度，使得熔融金属的固化在熔融金属凝固期间将流体样品基本保持在易熔金属的熔化温度，因为工具从 井筒冷却。 易熔金属被外壳包围，外壳在液态时包含可熔金属。

公开(公告)号：US4132649A

公开(公告)日：1979-01-02

申请号：US781761

申请日：1977-03-28

申请人： Gerald A. Croopnick ,  John M. Michaels ,  Donald G. Paul

发明人： Gerald A. Croopnick ,  John M. Michaels ,  Donald G. Paul

IPC分类号： B04B5/00 ,  B01D25/26 ,  B01D35/00 ,  B01D61/02 ,  B01D61/08 ,  B01D63/08 ,  B01D63/16 ,  B01D69/12 ,  F16J20060101 ,  B01D31/00

CPC分类号： B01D63/082 ,  B01D2313/04 ,  B01D2315/02

摘要： A fluid purification apparatus of the type which includes a stack of membrane packs and a stack of gaskets located at the peripheral portions of the membrane packs to keep them separated from one another, wherein the gaskets have outer lands bearing on one another and surrounding the membrane packs, inner lands pressing against the faces of the packs to seal against them, and elongated bendable middle gasket portions connecting the inner and outer lands to allow the inner lands to adjust position so as to compensate for variations in thickness of the membrane packs.

摘要翻译： 一种流体净化装置，其包括一叠膜组件和一叠垫圈，位于膜组件的周边部分，以使它们彼此分离，其中垫圈具有彼此相对并且围绕膜的外部凸台 包装，压靠包装件的表面以密封的内部区域，以及连接内部和外部区域的细长的可弯曲的中间垫圈部分，以允许内部区域调整位置，以补偿膜组件的厚度的变化。