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公开(公告)号：US5832156A
公开(公告)日：1998-11-03
申请号：US741439
申请日：1996-10-31
CPC分类号： G02B6/29323 , G01J3/1895 , G02B6/02085 , G02B6/29358 , G02B6/29359 , G02B6/34 , G02B6/4215 , G02B6/4291 , G02B6/02138 , G02B6/4274
摘要： A dispersive optical waveguide tap comprises a blazed and chirped refractive index grating in the core of the waveguide, coupling means and utilization means. The grating is selected such that guided mode light of predetermined wavelength will, in the absence of the coupling means, be directed into one or more cladding modes of the waveguide. The presence of the coupling means in optical co-operation with the waveguide, changes the guiding conditions such that the cladding modes are substantially eliminated from a portion of the waveguide that includes the cladding, whereby the grating directs the guided mode light into one or more radiation modes. The blaze angle typically is .ltoreq.15.degree.. The chirp serves to bring the radiation mode light substantially to a focus in at least one dimension, the focal point (or line) depending on the wavelength of the light. The utilization means exemplarily comprise an array of photodetectors, and the coupling means exemplarily comprise an appropriately shaped glass member and index matching means. Dispersive waveguide taps are advantageously used in WDM optical communication systems, e.g., to provide status information (e.g., channel wavelength, channel power, including presence or absence of a channel) to, e.g., a system maintenance unit. The status information facilitates maintenance of operating conditions by conventional feedback control.
摘要翻译： 分散光波导抽头包括波导芯体中的闪耀和啁啾折射率光栅，耦合装置和利用装置。 选择光栅使得在没有耦合装置的情况下，预定波长的导模光将被引导到波导的一个或多个包层模式。 与波导光学合作的耦合装置的存在改变了引导条件，使得包层模式基本上从包括包层的波导的一部分消除，由此光栅将引导模式的光引导到一个或多个 辐射模式。 火焰角通常为
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公开(公告)号：US06002822A
公开(公告)日：1999-12-14
申请号：US88512
申请日：1998-06-01
CPC分类号： G02B6/29323 , G01J3/1895 , G02B6/02085 , G02B6/29358 , G02B6/29359 , G02B6/34 , G02B6/4215 , G02B6/4291 , G02B6/02138 , G02B6/4274
摘要： A dispersive optical waveguide tap comprises a blazed refractive index grating in the core of the waveguide, coupling means, focusing means and utilization means. The grating is selected such that guided mode light of predetermined wavelength will, in the absence of the coupling means, be directed into one or more cladding modes of the waveguide. The presence of the coupling means, in optical co-operation with the waveguide, changes the guiding conditions such that the cladding modes are substantially eliminated from a portion of the waveguide that includes the cladding, whereby the grating directs the guided mode light into one or more radiation modes. The blaze angle typically is .ltoreq.15.degree.. The focusing means serve to bring the radiation mode light substantially to a focus in at least one dimension, the focal point (or line) depending on the wavelength of the light. The utilization means exemplarily comprise an array of photodetectors, and the coupling means exemplarily comprise an appropriately shaped glass member and index matching means. Dispersive waveguide taps are advantageously used in WDM optical communication systems, e.g., to provide status information (e.g., channel wavelength, channel power, including presence or absence of a channel) to, e.g., a system maintenance unit. The status information facilitates maintenance of operating conditions by conventional feedback control. Any optical element that can bring the tapped radiation to a focus on the utilization means can serve as a focusing element. Exemplary focusing elements are optical lenses (cylindrical or non-cylindrical), diffraction gratings, volume gratings (holograms), and combinations thereof.
摘要翻译： 分散光波导抽头包括波导芯体中的闪耀折射率光栅，耦合装置，聚焦装置和利用装置。 选择光栅使得在没有耦合装置的情况下，预定波长的导模光将被引导到波导的一个或多个包层模式。 耦合装置在与波导的光学协作中的存在改变了引导条件，使得包层模式基本上从包括包层的波导的一部分消除，由此光栅将引导模式的光引导到一个或 更多的辐射模式。 火焰角通常为
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公开(公告)号：US5850302A
公开(公告)日：1998-12-15
申请号：US978352
申请日：1997-11-25
CPC分类号： G02B6/29323 , G01J3/1895 , G02B6/02085 , G02B6/29358 , G02B6/29359 , G02B6/34 , G02B6/4215 , G02B6/4291 , G02B6/02138 , G02B6/4274
摘要： A dispersive optical waveguide tap comprises a blazed and chirped refractive index grating in the core of the waveguide, coupling means and utilization means. The grating is selected such that guided mode light of predetermined wavelength will, in the absence of the coupling means, be directed into one or more cladding modes of the waveguide. The presence of the coupling means in optical co-operation with the waveguide, changes the guiding conditions such that the cladding modes are substantially eliminated from a portion of the waveguide that includes the cladding, whereby the grating directs the guided mode light into one or more radiation modes. The blaze angle typically is .ltoreq.15.degree.. The chirp serves to bring the radiation mode light substantially to a focus in at least one dimension, the focal point (or line) depending on the wavelength of the light. The utilization means exemplarily comprise an array of photodetectors, and the coupling means exemplarily comprise an appropriately shaped glass member and index matching means. Dispersive waveguide taps are advantageously used in WDM optical communication systems, e.g., to provide status information (e.g., channel wavelength, channel power, including presence or absence of a channel) to, e.g., a system maintenance unit. The status information facilitates maintenance of operating conditions by conventional feedback control.
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4.发明授权公开(公告)号：US06658215B1
公开(公告)日：2003-12-02
申请号：US09406577
申请日：1999-09-24
IPC分类号： H04B1000
CPC分类号： G02B6/278 , H04B10/2569
摘要： A compensation arrangement for addressing the problem of first-order and second-order polarization mode dispersion (PMD) in an optical fiber communication system includes separate, independent elements for each type of PMD. First-order PMD may be compensated using conventional techniques related to adjusting the transit time differential between the polarization states. The second-order polarization mode dispersion is compensated by recognizing the separate sources of second-order PMD (pulse broadening analogous to chromatic dispersion, additional pulse broadening due to optical filtering (narrowing), and coupling of a portion of the optical signal into the orthogonal polarization relative to the main pulse with a different transmit time. A chirped fiber grating with a variable temperature gradient, a complementary optical filter with variable spectral transmission and a polarizer, respectively, can be used to compensate for these three sources of second-order PMD.
摘要翻译： 用于解决光纤通信系统中的一阶和二阶偏振模色散（PMD）问题的补偿装置包括用于每种类型的PMD的单独的独立元件。 可以使用与调整极化状态之间的通过时间差有关的常规技术来补偿一阶PMD。 通过识别二阶PMD的分离源（类似于色散的脉冲扩展，由于光学滤波（窄化）引起的附加脉冲展宽）和将光信号的一部分耦合到正交中来补偿二阶偏振模色散 具有不同传输时间的相对于主脉冲的极化可以分别使用具有可变温度梯度的啁啾光纤光栅，具有可变光谱透射的互补滤光器和偏振器来补偿这三个源的二阶PMD 。
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5.发明授权Tapered optical fiber grating devices with variable index coatings for modifying guide properties of the fundamental mode 有权具有可变指数涂层的锥形光纤光栅装置，用于改变基本模式的引导特性公开(公告)号：US06301408B1
公开(公告)日：2001-10-09
申请号：US09152893
申请日：1998-09-24
IPC分类号： G02B634
CPC分类号： G02B6/29322 , G02B6/02104 , G02B6/02185 , G02B6/02195 , G02B6/02204 , G02B6/29395
摘要： An optical fiber grating device including a length of optical fiber having a predetermined fundamental mode effective guide index and a longitudinally tapered region for accessing a fundamental mode of light. The tapered region has a grating with a predetermined light spectral shaping property that shapes the light spectrum of the fundamental mode. A coating surrounds the tapered region of the fiber for modifying the fundamental mode effective guide index of the fiber in order to change the spectral shaping property of the grating.
摘要翻译： 一种光纤光栅装置，包括具有预定基模有效引导指数的一定长度的光纤和用于访问基本光模的纵向锥形区域。 锥形区域具有预定的光谱整形特性的光栅，其形成基本模式的光谱。 涂层围绕光纤的锥形区域，用于修改光纤的基模有效引导指数，以便改变光栅的光谱整形特性。
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公开(公告)号：US6122422A
公开(公告)日：2000-09-19
申请号：US93323
申请日：1998-06-08
CPC分类号： G02B6/4246 , G02B6/12007 , G02B6/29317 , G02B6/29323
摘要： A bidirectional waveguide tap is disclosed. The tap comprises an appropriately blazed grating in the waveguide, with coupling means in optical co-operation with the waveguide causing transfer of light from a guided mode in the waveguide to a radiation mode. Radiation mode light of a given wavelength and propagation direction is brought to a focus on a predetermined region of utilization means, e.g., an array of photosensors.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种双向波导抽头。 抽头包括在波导中的适当闪耀的光栅，耦合装置与波导光学合作，导致光从波导中的导向模式转移到辐射模式。 将给定波长和传播方向的辐射模式光聚焦到使用装置的预定区域，例如光电传感器阵列上。
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7.发明授权Dispersion compensating optical fiber, and communication system comprising same 失效色散补偿光纤，以及包括该光纤的通信系统
公开(公告)号：US5802234A
公开(公告)日：1998-09-01
申请号：US821507
申请日：1997-03-21
CPC分类号： G02B6/02261 , G02B6/03644 , H04B10/2525
摘要： Known dispersion-compensating (DC) optical fibers typically are sensitive to small changes in fiber parameter (e.g., fiber diameter and/or core refractive index), and thus are difficult to manufacture. The disclosed DC fibers are relatively insensitive to small departures from the nominal fiber parameters, and are therefore more manufacturable. Exemplarily, the nominal refractive index profile of a DC fiber is selected such that the fiber supports LP.sub.01 and LP.sub.02 (and typically one or more further higher order modes), and the dispersion is substantially all in LP.sub.02. The total dispersion is more negative than -200 ps/nm.km over a relatively wide wavelength range. The nominal refractive index profile typically comprises a refractive index "ring" that is spaced from the fiber core.
摘要翻译： 已知的色散补偿（DC）光纤通常对纤维参数的小变化（例如，纤维直径和/或纤芯折射率）敏感，因此难以制造。 所公开的DC纤维对于与标称纤维参数的小偏离相对不敏感，因此更可制造。 示例性地，选择DC光纤的标称折射率分布，使得光纤支持LP01和LP02（并且通常一个或多个更高阶模），并且色散基本上全部在LP02中。 在相对较宽的波长范围内，总色散比-200ps / nm.km更负。 标称折射率分布通常包括与纤维芯间隔开的折射率“环”。
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8.发明授权公开(公告)号：US06304691B1
公开(公告)日：2001-10-16
申请号：US09338066
申请日：1999-06-23
IPC分类号： G02B628
CPC分类号： G02B6/2932 , G02B6/022 , G02B6/29317 , G02B6/29374 , G02B6/2938 , G02B6/29394 , G02F1/0134 , G02F2201/307 , H04B10/2519 , H04J14/02
摘要： In accordance with the invention, a WDM optical system comprises a transmission line with a net negative dispersion rather than the conventional net positive dispersion and a DCG with a positive dispersion rather than negative dispersion. With this design, short wavelengths entering the grating are reflected first before the long wavelengths, minimizing the path of short wavelengths within the grating and thereby avoiding short wavelength cladding loss. In advantageous embodiments, the DCG compensates for both the net negative dispersion and dispersion slope of at least two signal channels and preferably of all signal channels.
摘要翻译： 根据本发明，WDM光学系统包括具有净负色散而不是常规净正色散的传输线和具有正色散而不是负色散的DCG。 通过这种设计，进入光栅的短波长首先在长波长之前被反射，使光栅内短波长的路径最小化，从而避免短波长包层损耗。 在有利的实施例中，DCG补偿至少两个信号通道的净负色散和色散斜率，并优选地补偿所有信号通道。
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9.发明授权Tapered optical fiber devices with variable index coatings for modifying guide properties of the fundamental mode 有权具有可变指数涂层的锥形光纤器件，用于修改基本模式的引导特性
公开(公告)号：US6115519A
公开(公告)日：2000-09-05
申请号：US159705
申请日：1998-09-24
CPC分类号： G02B6/262 , G02B6/266 , G02F1/0118
摘要： An improved optical fiber device includes a length of optical fiber having a longitudinally tapered region for causing a portion of light signals guided by the fiber to emerge outside of the fiber. The tapered region is surrounded by a coating that operates on the portion of the light signals emerging from the fiber to modify their propagation properties. The tapered optical fiber device can be used in an optical fiber system which includes at least one source of light signals, wherein the optical fiber device is disposed in the path of light signals from the source.
摘要翻译： 改进的光纤装置包括具有纵向锥形区域的光纤长度，用于使由光纤引导的光信号的一部分在光纤外部出射。 锥形区域被涂层包围，该涂层对从纤维出射的光信号的一部分进行操作，以改变它们的传播特性。 锥形光纤装置可用于包括至少一个光信号源的光纤系统，其中光纤装置设置在来自光源的光信号的路径中。
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公开(公告)号：US5936980A
公开(公告)日：1999-08-10
申请号：US953803
申请日：1997-10-09
CPC分类号： H01S3/0675 , H01S3/094003 , H01S3/09408 , H01S3/2383
摘要： Laser apparatus for delivering optical power to an output port comprises first and second fiber lasers having at least partially overlapping cavity resonators. In one state the lasers are phase locked; in another they are not. An intracavity polarization transformer (e.g., a polarization modulator or a segment of PMF) determines the phase state of the apparatus. In each state the reflectivity of a reflector common to the lasers determines the amount of optical power which is delivered to the output port. In one embodiment the apparatus has a plurality of output ports to which separate utilization devices are coupled. The phase state of the lasers and the reflectivity of the common reflector determines how the optical power is allocated among the devices.
摘要翻译： 用于将光功率传送到输出端口的激光装置包括具有至少部分重叠的腔谐振器的第一和第二光纤激光器。 在一个状态下，激光器是相位锁定的; 在另一个他们不是。 腔内偏振变换器（例如，偏振调制器或PMF的段）确定装置的相位状态。 在每个状态下，激光器共同的反射器的反射率决定了输送到输出端口的光功率量。 在一个实施例中，装置具有多个输出端口，单独的利用装置耦合到该输出端口。 激光器的相位状态和公共反射器的反射率决定了光功率如何在器件之间分配。
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