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1.发明授权Hybrid thin film optical waveguide structure having a grating coupler and a tapered waveguide film 失效具有光栅耦合器和锥形波导膜的混合薄膜光波导结构
公开(公告)号：US5208882A
公开(公告)日：1993-05-04
申请号：US791830
申请日：1991-11-14
申请人： Thomas A. Strasser , Wei Y. Hsu , Mool C. Gupta
发明人： Thomas A. Strasser , Wei Y. Hsu , Mool C. Gupta
摘要： A hybrid, thin-film, optical waveguide structure has a substrate with a grating coupler formed thereon. A thin-film waveguide film is formed on the substrate and has a tapered portion overlaying the grating.
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2.发明授权Apparatus and method for dispersion compensation for a grating coupler using a surface relief reflection grating 失效使用表面浮雕反射光栅的光栅耦合器的色散补偿装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US5363226A
公开(公告)日：1994-11-08
申请号：US118170
申请日：1993-08-02
申请人： Thomas A. Strasser , Mool C. Gupta
发明人： Thomas A. Strasser , Mool C. Gupta
CPC分类号： G02B6/12007 , G02B27/4238 , G02B27/4277 , G02B6/2931 , G02B6/29394
摘要： A surface relief reflection diffraction grating is used as a wavelength compensating element for a diffraction grating coupler. The changes in wavelength are compensated for by adjusting the parameters of the reflection diffraction grating so that the dispersion of the reflection diffraction grating is generally equal and opposite to the dispersion of the diffraction grating coupler. The technique has been shown to permit the range of wavelengths which can coupled with the diffraction grating coupler to be extended from 0.7 nm to 17 nm. The lateral shift has an important contribution and can be limiting factor in wavelength compensation.
摘要翻译： 表面浮雕反射衍射光栅用作衍射光栅耦合器的波长补偿元件。 通过调整反射衍射光栅的参数来补偿波长的变化，使得反射衍射光栅的色散与衍射光栅耦合器的色散大致相等并相反。 已经显示出该技术允许可以与衍射光栅耦合器耦合的波长范围从0.7nm扩展到17nm。 横向偏移具有重要的作用，可以作为波长补偿的限制因素。
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3.发明授权Method and apparatus for separating a first optical control radiation from a second optical control radiation in a read/write head for use in an optical storage and retrieval system 失效用于将第一光学控制辐射与用于光学存储和检索系统的读/写头中的第二光学控制辐射分离的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5258967A
公开(公告)日：1993-11-02
申请号：US840213
申请日：1992-02-24
申请人： Thomas A. Strasser , Mool C. Gupta
发明人： Thomas A. Strasser , Mool C. Gupta
CPC分类号： G11B7/1353 , G11B7/124
摘要： In the read/write head of an optical storage system, a bi-direction grating coupler is used to replace optical components normally found in the read/write head. The use of the bi-directional grating coupler reduces the bulk and weight of the read/write head. The two channels of the bi-directional grating coupler can be used to separate a radiation component that can used to provide a tracking control signal from a radiation component that can be used to provide a focus control signal. One of the channels is also used to provide the radiation component from which the data on the storage medium can be identified. The bi-directional coupler can be implemented by two grating couplers, each grating coupler having a thin film associated therewith and each grating coupler diverting a selected radiation portion into the associated thin film. The bi-directional grating coupler can be implemented using a single grating with tapered thin film surfaces, the taper separating the selected radiation components into selected portions of the thin film. The tapered thin film surface broadens the wavelength response of the associated grating. In either embodiment, a reflection diffraction grating can be inserted in the optical path to compensate for shifts in the radiation wavelength.
摘要翻译： 在光学存储系统的读/写头中，使用双向光栅耦合器来代替通常在读/写头中发现的光学元件。 双向光栅耦合器的使用降低了读/写头的体积和重量。 双向光栅耦合器的两个通道可用于分离可用于从可用于提供聚焦控制信号的辐射分量提供跟踪控制信号的辐射分量。 其中一个通道还用于提供可以识别存储介质上的数据的辐射分量。 双向耦合器可以由两个光栅耦合器实现，每个光栅耦合器具有与之相关联的薄膜，并且每个光栅耦合器将选定的辐射部分转向相关联的薄膜。 可以使用具有锥形薄膜表面的单个光栅来实现双向光栅耦合器，锥形将所选择的辐射分量分离成薄膜的选定部分。 锥形薄膜表面使相关光栅的波长响应变宽。 在任一实施例中，反射衍射光栅可插入光路中以补偿辐射波长的偏移。
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4.发明授权Method for making optical fiber devices having variable thickness metal coatings 有权制造具有可变厚度金属涂层的光纤装置的方法公开(公告)号：US06303182B1
公开(公告)日：2001-10-16
申请号：US09252704
申请日：1999-02-18
IPC分类号： C03C2522
CPC分类号： G02B6/02204 , C03C25/1063 , C03C25/22 , G02B6/02 , G02B6/02104 , G02B6/02123
摘要： In accordance with the invention, an optical fiber is provided with a metal coating of controlled variable thickness by the steps of disposing the fiber in position for receiving coating metal from a metal source, and depositing metal while moving a shadow mask between the fiber and the source to provide patterning of deposited metal. Advantageously, the mask is translated at a constant velocity perpendicular to the fiber. The method is particularly useful for the fabrication of adjustable Bragg gratings.
摘要翻译： 根据本发明，光纤通过以下步骤设置有可控的可变厚度的金属涂层：将纤维布置在适当位置以从金属源接收涂层金属，并且在光纤和 源提供沉积金属的图案化。 有利地，掩模以垂直于纤维的恒定速度平移。 该方法对于制造可调布拉格光栅特别有用。
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公开(公告)号：US5805621A
公开(公告)日：1998-09-08
申请号：US747946
申请日：1996-11-12
申请人： Stephen Gregory Grubb , Clifford Headley , Martin Heinrich Muendel , Janet Renee Pedrazzani , Bennett H. Rockney , Thomas A. Strasser
发明人： Stephen Gregory Grubb , Clifford Headley , Martin Heinrich Muendel , Janet Renee Pedrazzani , Bennett H. Rockney , Thomas A. Strasser
CPC分类号： H01S3/0675 , H01S3/08022
摘要： Applicants have discovered that the intermodal beat noise of a fiber multimode laser can be substantially reduced by providing the fiber with an output coupler of broadened bandwidth. In a preferred embodiment, a reduced-noise, high power light source comprises a cladding pumped fiber laser having a chirped output grating. Experiments show that increasing the output bandwidth from 0.254 to 0.577 nm reduces the relative intensity-to-noise ratio 10 dB in a Nd-doped fiber laser. Increasing the bandwidth from 0.2 nm to 0.3 nm in a Yb-doped laser similarly reduces the noise by 12 dB.
摘要翻译： 申请人已经发现，通过为光纤提供带宽增加的输出耦合器，可以显着地减少光纤多模激光器的联运节拍噪声。 在优选实施例中，降噪噪声大功率光源包括具有啁啾输出光栅的包层泵浦光纤激光器。 实验表明，增加输出带宽从0.254到0.577纳米的Nd掺杂光纤激光器的相对强度 - 噪声比降低了10 dB。 在Yb掺杂激光器中将带宽从0.2 nm增加到0.3 nm同样可以将噪声降低12 dB。
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公开(公告)号：US5781677A
公开(公告)日：1998-07-14
申请号：US791081
申请日：1997-01-29
CPC分类号： G02B6/2932 , G02B6/022 , G02B6/29322 , G02B6/29383 , G02F1/0134 , G02F2201/307
摘要： In accordance with the invention, a tunable fiber grating comprises a fiber grating secured between a pair of magnets so that magnetic force (repulsive or attractive) applied to the magnets is transmitted to the grating. An electromagnet is disposed adjacent the magnets for applying the field to magnetize them. Control of the current applied to the electromagnet permits control of the force transmitted to the fiber grating and, thus, control of the grating strain, spacing and reflection frequency. In a preferred embodiment the electromagnet is actuated to produce magnetic pulses which control the remanent force between the two magnets, eliminating the need for continuous power. An add/drop multiplexer employing the tunable gratings is described.
摘要翻译： 根据本发明，可调谐光纤光栅包括固定在一对磁体之间的光纤光栅，使得施加到磁体的磁力（排斥或吸引力）传输到光栅。 电磁体设置在磁体附近以施加磁场以磁化它们。 控制施加到电磁体的电流允许控制传递到光纤光栅的力，并且因此控制光栅应变，间隔和反射频率。 在优选实施例中，电磁体被致动以产生控制两个磁体之间的剩余力的磁脉冲，消除了对连续功率的需要。 描述了采用可调谐光栅的分插复用器。
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7.发明授权Article comprising a planar optical waveguide mach-zehnder interferometer device, and method of making same 失效包括平面光波导马赫 - 泽德干涉仪装置的制品及其制造方法
公开(公告)号：US5636309A
公开(公告)日：1997-06-03
申请号：US604629
申请日：1996-02-21
CPC分类号： G02B6/2938 , G02B6/12007 , G02B6/124 , G02B6/29353 , G02B6/29355
摘要： The disclosed Mach-Zehnder (MZ)-type devices are planar waveguide devices, with interferometer arms of essentially equal length, with a maximum spacing between the arms (e.g., between the waveguide core centers) selected to make possible simultaneous exposure of both arms to refractive index-altering radiation. Exemplarily the maximum spacing is in the range 20-100 .mu.m. The simultaneous exposure of both waveguides makes it possible to form gratings of essential equal strength, such that typically no individual trimming is required. The resulting devices (typically add-drop filters) are substantially less sensitive to environmental changes (e.g., temperature gradients, mechanical vibrations) than prior art fiber-based devices, and are advantageously used in, for instance, WDM optical communication systems.
摘要翻译： 所公开的马赫 - 曾德尔（MZ）型装置是平面波导装置，其干涉仪臂的长度基本相等，臂之间的最大间距（例如，在波导核心中心之间）之间具有最大的间距，以使得可能同时将两个臂暴露于 折射率变化辐射。 示例性地，最大间距在20-100μm的范围内。 两个波导的同时曝光使得可以形成基本相等强度的光栅，使得通常不需要单独的修整。 所得到的装置（通常是分插式滤波器）对现有技术的基于光纤的装置的环境变化（例如，温度梯度，机械振动）来说基本上较不敏感，并且有利地用于例如WDM光通信系统中。
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公开(公告)号：US06002822A
公开(公告)日：1999-12-14
申请号：US88512
申请日：1998-06-01
CPC分类号： G02B6/29323 , G01J3/1895 , G02B6/02085 , G02B6/29358 , G02B6/29359 , G02B6/34 , G02B6/4215 , G02B6/4291 , G02B6/02138 , G02B6/4274
摘要： A dispersive optical waveguide tap comprises a blazed refractive index grating in the core of the waveguide, coupling means, focusing means and utilization means. The grating is selected such that guided mode light of predetermined wavelength will, in the absence of the coupling means, be directed into one or more cladding modes of the waveguide. The presence of the coupling means, in optical co-operation with the waveguide, changes the guiding conditions such that the cladding modes are substantially eliminated from a portion of the waveguide that includes the cladding, whereby the grating directs the guided mode light into one or more radiation modes. The blaze angle typically is .ltoreq.15.degree.. The focusing means serve to bring the radiation mode light substantially to a focus in at least one dimension, the focal point (or line) depending on the wavelength of the light. The utilization means exemplarily comprise an array of photodetectors, and the coupling means exemplarily comprise an appropriately shaped glass member and index matching means. Dispersive waveguide taps are advantageously used in WDM optical communication systems, e.g., to provide status information (e.g., channel wavelength, channel power, including presence or absence of a channel) to, e.g., a system maintenance unit. The status information facilitates maintenance of operating conditions by conventional feedback control. Any optical element that can bring the tapped radiation to a focus on the utilization means can serve as a focusing element. Exemplary focusing elements are optical lenses (cylindrical or non-cylindrical), diffraction gratings, volume gratings (holograms), and combinations thereof.
摘要翻译： 分散光波导抽头包括波导芯体中的闪耀折射率光栅，耦合装置，聚焦装置和利用装置。 选择光栅使得在没有耦合装置的情况下，预定波长的导模光将被引导到波导的一个或多个包层模式。 耦合装置在与波导的光学协作中的存在改变了引导条件，使得包层模式基本上从包括包层的波导的一部分消除，由此光栅将引导模式的光引导到一个或 更多的辐射模式。 火焰角通常为
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公开(公告)号：US5850302A
公开(公告)日：1998-12-15
申请号：US978352
申请日：1997-11-25
CPC分类号： G02B6/29323 , G01J3/1895 , G02B6/02085 , G02B6/29358 , G02B6/29359 , G02B6/34 , G02B6/4215 , G02B6/4291 , G02B6/02138 , G02B6/4274
摘要： A dispersive optical waveguide tap comprises a blazed and chirped refractive index grating in the core of the waveguide, coupling means and utilization means. The grating is selected such that guided mode light of predetermined wavelength will, in the absence of the coupling means, be directed into one or more cladding modes of the waveguide. The presence of the coupling means in optical co-operation with the waveguide, changes the guiding conditions such that the cladding modes are substantially eliminated from a portion of the waveguide that includes the cladding, whereby the grating directs the guided mode light into one or more radiation modes. The blaze angle typically is .ltoreq.15.degree.. The chirp serves to bring the radiation mode light substantially to a focus in at least one dimension, the focal point (or line) depending on the wavelength of the light. The utilization means exemplarily comprise an array of photodetectors, and the coupling means exemplarily comprise an appropriately shaped glass member and index matching means. Dispersive waveguide taps are advantageously used in WDM optical communication systems, e.g., to provide status information (e.g., channel wavelength, channel power, including presence or absence of a channel) to, e.g., a system maintenance unit. The status information facilitates maintenance of operating conditions by conventional feedback control.
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公开(公告)号：US5740292A
公开(公告)日：1998-04-14
申请号：US712694
申请日：1996-09-12
申请人： Thomas A. Strasser
发明人： Thomas A. Strasser
CPC分类号： G02B6/29317 , G02B6/02085 , G02B6/14 , H01S3/06754 , H01S3/06758 , G02B6/29332
摘要： Reflective mode coupling refractive index gratings are disclosed. The gratings can couple light of wavelength .lambda..sub.i in a fundamental spatial mode of the waveguide (e.g., LP.sub.01 to a reflected higher order spatial mode (e.g., LP.sub.11), substantially without reflection of any light of wavelength .lambda..sub.j .noteq..lambda..sub.i in a spectral range .DELTA..lambda..ltoreq.0.01 .lambda..sub.i. The mode coupling gratings (MCGs) can find a variety of uses in optical waveguide systems. Exemplarily, an MCG can serve as a wavelength-dependent loss element with abrupt (e.g., .about.1 nm) spectral dependence. However, a chirped grating with or without strength modulation can yield an MCG having relatively wide spectral dependence, including variable loss over a relatively wide (e.g., .about.10 nm) spectral range. Both types of MCGs are advantageously used in, for instance, optical waveguide amplifiers.
摘要翻译： 公开了反射模耦合折射率光栅。 光栅可以将波长λi的光耦合到波导的基本空间模式（例如，LP01到反射高阶空间模式（例如，LP11）），基本上没有波长λ的任何光的反射。 范围DELTAλ
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