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1.发明授权Head start partial premixing for reducing oxides of nitrogen emissions in gas turbine combustors 失效用于减少燃气涡轮机中的氮排放的氧化物的头部开始部分预热
公开(公告)号：US5247797A
公开(公告)日：1993-09-28
申请号：US811731
申请日：1991-12-23
申请人： Thomas F. Fric , Masayoshi Kuwata
发明人： Thomas F. Fric , Masayoshi Kuwata
CPC分类号： F23C7/00
摘要： Reducing NO.sub.x emission levels from a gas turbine combustor having a premixer section by mixing a small portion of air into the fuel prior to injection into the premixer section. The portion of diverted air is approximately five percent of the total amount of air injected into the premixer section or such that the resulting fuel-air mixture in the fuel line is approximately half fuel and half air. The injection of air into the fuel line, referred to as "head start partial premixing," is effective to reduce the fluctuations and nonuniformities in the fuel concentration levels which increase NO.sub.x output.
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公开(公告)号：US5117636A
公开(公告)日：1992-06-02
申请号：US474394
申请日：1990-02-05
摘要： An improved gas turbine combustor is provided which reduces nitric oxide emissions through premixing of the fuel gas and air and feeding the mixture through a venturi, providing an air cooled passage around the venturi, and extending the passage downstream toward the combustion zone to optimize the stability of the combustion and reduce NO.sub.x and CO emissions.
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公开(公告)号：US4982570A
公开(公告)日：1991-01-08
申请号：US501439
申请日：1990-03-22
申请人： Jennifer Waslo , Masayoshi Kuwata , Roy M. Washam
发明人： Jennifer Waslo , Masayoshi Kuwata , Roy M. Washam
CPC分类号： F23R3/286 , F23D11/005 , F23R3/346
摘要： A dual mode, dual stage low NOx combustor, includes a primary combustion chamber and a secondary combustion chamber separated by a throat region of reduced diameter. Fuel is input into the primary combustors by an annular array of diffusion type nozzles whereas in accordance with the invention fuel is input into the secondary combustor by a central combination premix and diffusion nozzle.
摘要翻译： 双模双级低NOx燃烧器包括由直径较小的喉部区域分开的主燃烧室和二次燃烧室。 燃料通过扩散型喷嘴的环形阵列输入到主燃烧器中，而根据本发明，燃料通过中心组合预混合和扩散喷嘴输入到二级燃烧器中。
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4.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5487275A
公开(公告)日：1996-01-30
申请号：US987957
申请日：1992-12-11
摘要： An improved gas turbine combustor of the type including primary and secondary combustion chambers with a venturi including a throat portion located therebetween; a plurality of primary fuel injection nozzles secured to a combustor cap in an annular array upstream of the primary combustion chamber; and a centerbody including a secondary fuel nozzle, said centerbody extending from said combustor cap to said secondary combustion chamber; the improvement comprising a plurality of tertiary fuel injection nozzles arranged in a circular array about a longitudinal axis of the combustor, at a location downstream of said venturi throat portion, for injecting fuel into the secondary combustion chamber.
摘要翻译： 一种改进的燃气轮机燃烧器，其包括具有文丘里管的主燃烧室和二次燃烧室，其包括位于其间的喉部; 多个主燃料喷射喷嘴，其固定到主燃烧室上游的环形阵列中的燃烧器盖; 以及包括二次燃料喷嘴的中心体，所述中心体从所述燃烧器盖延伸到所述二次燃烧室; 改进包括在所述文丘里喉部的下游位置处围绕燃烧器的纵向轴线以圆形阵列布置的多个三次燃料喷射喷嘴，用于将燃料喷射到二次燃烧室中。
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公开(公告)号：US5193346A
公开(公告)日：1993-03-16
申请号：US899586
申请日：1992-06-18
CPC分类号： F23R3/286 , F23D11/005 , F23R3/346 , F23D2900/00008
摘要： A dual mode, dual stage low NOx combustor, includes a primary combustion chamber and a secondary combustion chamber separated by a throat region of reduced diameter. Fuel is input into the primary combustors by an annular array of diffusion type nozzles whereas in accordance with the invention, fuel is input into the secondary combustor by a central combination premix and diffusion nozzle. A premix swirler annulus is located upstream of a plurality of fuel distribution tubes of the combined premix and diffusion nozzle.
摘要翻译： 双模双级低NOx燃烧器包括由直径较小的喉部区域分开的主燃烧室和二次燃烧室。 燃料通过扩散型喷嘴的环形阵列输入到主燃烧器中，而根据本发明，燃料通过中心组合预混合和扩散喷嘴输入到二级燃烧器中。 预混合旋流器环形空间位于组合的预混合和扩散喷嘴的多个燃料分配管的上游。
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公开(公告)号：US4984429A
公开(公告)日：1991-01-15
申请号：US934755
申请日：1986-11-25
申请人： Jennifer Waslo , Masayoshi Kuwata , Roy M. Washam
发明人： Jennifer Waslo , Masayoshi Kuwata , Roy M. Washam
摘要： It has been found that in a dry low NOx combustor of the type having an upstream combustion chamber and a downstream combustion chamber interconnected by a venturi section, the fuel-air ratio and uniform fuel-air mixing can be improved by providing an annular shield upstream of the venturi region. The shield is impingement cooled through the venturi and provision is made for dumping cooling air farther downsteam in the downstream combustion chamber. With the aforesaid improvements in mind, the upstream combustion chamber is provided with first and second inner liners which are also impringement cooled an which provide combustion air farther upstream into the upstream combustion chamber to further improve fuel-air mixing and to maintain the desired fuel-air ratio.
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公开(公告)号：US4944149A
公开(公告)日：1990-07-31
申请号：US284226
申请日：1988-12-14
申请人： Masayoshi Kuwata
发明人： Masayoshi Kuwata
IPC分类号： F23R3/26
CPC分类号： F23R3/26
摘要： The control of nitrogen oxides (NOx) is an important feature in the design and operation of gas turbines. It has been found that the production of NOx is affected by the fuel-air ratio within the combustor liner. To this end, an improved combustor liner is proposed which allows the distribution of combustion air and dilution air into the combustion liner in accordance with temperature conditions immediately surrounding the combustor liner. In one embodiment, an apertured ring is rotated in and out of register with dilution air holes in the liner to selectively affect the amount of dilution air and therefore also combustion air into the liner. The ring is driven by a temperature sensitve metals trip wound about the combustor liner. In another embodiment of the invention, the residence time of the combustion reaction is affected by the selection of upstream and or downstream dilution air holes in accordance with the position of the ring holes.
摘要翻译： 氮氧化物（NOx）的控制是燃气轮机设计和运行的重要特征。 已经发现，NOx的产生受到燃烧器衬套内的燃料 - 空气比的影响。 为此，提出了一种改进的燃烧器衬套，其允许根据直接围绕燃烧器衬套的温度条件将燃烧空气和稀释空气分配到燃烧衬套中。 在一个实施例中，有孔环与内衬中的稀释气孔一起旋转进出对准，以选择性地影响稀释空气的量并因此影响进入衬套的燃烧空气。 该环由围绕燃烧器衬套卷绕的温度敏感金属跳闸驱动。 在本发明的另一个实施方案中，燃烧反应的停留时间受到根据环孔位置选择上游和/或下游稀释气孔的影响。
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公开(公告)号：US5924275A
公开(公告)日：1999-07-20
申请号：US994887
申请日：1997-12-19
CPC分类号： F23R3/346 , F02C7/26 , F02G3/00 , F23D17/002 , F23D23/00 , F23L7/002 , F23R3/28 , F23R3/343 , F23D2900/00008
摘要： In a gas turbine having a plurality of combustors, each having an annular array of outer fuel nozzles arranged about a center axis, an improved construction is provided wherein each combustor has a center nozzle located on the center axis. Various methods of operating the improved combustor are also disclosed. For example, one method of operating a combustor for a gas turbine wherein the combustor has a plurality of fuel nozzles in an annular array arranged about a center axis and has a center nozzle located on the center axis, and wherein the annular array is supplied with fuel from at least one pre-mix fuel manifold, and further wherein the center nozzle is supplied with fuel from a center nozzle pre-mix fuel manifold includes the steps of:a) at ignition, supplying the center nozzle with fuel from the center nozzle pre-mix fuel manifold and two of the outer fuel nozzles in line with cross-fire tubes with fuel from at least one pre-mix fuel manifold;b) after detecting cross-fire with flame detectors, turning off fuel to the outer two cross-fire nozzles, supplying all fuel to the center nozzle, and accelerating through FSNL to a part load by increasing fuel flow to the center nozzle;c) at the part load, begin transferring some pre-mix fuel away from the center nozzle and staging it to the outer fuel nozzles in the following sequence as total fuel flow is increased: 1) center nozzle+two cross-fire nozzles, 2) center nozzle+non-cross-fire nozzles, 3) all outer fuel nozzles in annular array (no center nozzle), and 4) center nozzle+all outer fuel nozzles.
摘要翻译： 在具有多个燃烧器的燃气轮机中，每个燃烧器具有围绕中心轴线布置的外部燃料喷嘴的环形阵列，提供了改进的结构，其中每个燃烧器具有位于中心轴线上的中心喷嘴。 还公开了操作改进的燃烧器的各种方法。 例如，一种操作燃气轮机的燃烧器的方法，其中燃烧器具有围绕中心轴线布置的环形阵列中的多个燃料喷嘴，并且具有位于中心轴线上的中心喷嘴，并且其中环形阵列被供给 来自至少一个预混合燃料歧管的燃料，并且其中所述中心喷嘴从中心喷嘴预混合燃料歧管供应燃料包括以下步骤：a）点燃时，向所述中心喷嘴供应来自所述中心喷嘴的燃料 预混合燃料歧管和两个外部燃料喷嘴与具有来自至少一个预混合燃料歧管的燃料的交叉火管连接; b）在用火焰探测器进行交叉火焰检测之后，将燃料切断到外部两个十字火焰喷嘴，向中心喷嘴提供所有燃料，并通过增加燃料流向中心喷嘴将FSNL加速到部分负荷; c）在部分负载下，开始将一些预混合燃料从中心喷嘴转移出来，并按照以下顺序将其分配到外部燃料喷嘴：总燃料流量增加：1）中心喷嘴+两个交叉喷嘴，2 ）中心喷嘴+非交叉喷嘴，3）环形阵列中的所有外部燃料喷嘴（无中心喷嘴），以及4）中心喷嘴+所有外部燃料喷嘴。
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公开(公告)号：US5729968A
公开(公告)日：1998-03-24
申请号：US819467
申请日：1997-03-17
CPC分类号： F23R3/346 , F02C7/26 , F02G3/00 , F23D17/002 , F23D23/00 , F23L7/002 , F23R3/28 , F23R3/343 , F23D2900/00008
摘要： In a gas turbine having a plurality of combustors, each having an annular array of outer fuel nozzles arranged about a center fuel nozzle. A method for operating the combustors wherein the annular array is supplied with fuel from a diffusion manifold and at least one pre-mix manifold, and further wherein the center nozzle is supplied with fuel from a center premix manifold includes the steps of: a) at start-up, supplying some of the annular array nozzles with diffusion fuel; b) at part speed supplying pre-mix fuel to one of the nozzles in the annular array; c) at full speed, part load, transferring the annular array nozzles receiving diffusion fuel to pre-mix fuel; d) as load is increased supplying pre-mix fuel to the center nozzle; and then e) supplying additional pre-mix to all nozzles as load increases.
摘要翻译： 在具有多个燃烧器的燃气轮机中，每个燃烧器具有围绕中心燃料喷嘴布置的外部燃料喷嘴的环形阵列。 一种用于操作燃烧器的方法，其中所述环形阵列从扩散歧管和至少一个预混合歧管供应燃料，并且其中所述中心喷嘴从中心预混合歧管供应燃料包括以下步骤：a） 启动，向一些环形阵列喷嘴供应扩散燃料; b）部分速度向环形阵列中的一个喷嘴提供预混合燃料; c）全速，部分负载，传送接收扩散燃料的环形阵列喷嘴预混燃料; d）当负载增加时，向中心喷嘴提供预混合燃料; 然后e）当负载增加时，向所有喷嘴提供额外的预混合。
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10.发明授权Tertiary fuel, injection system for use in a dry low NOx combustion system 失效用于干燥低NOx燃烧系统的三次燃料，注射系统
公开(公告)号：US5575146A
公开(公告)日：1996-11-19
申请号：US435293
申请日：1995-05-05
摘要： An improved gas turbine combustor of the type including primary and secondary combustion chambers with a venturi including a throat portion located therebetween; a plurality of primary fuel injection nozzles secured to a combustor cap in an annular array upstream of the primary combustion chamber; and a centerbody including a secondary fuel nozzle, said centerbody extending from said combustor cap to said secondary combustion chamber; the improvement comprising a plurality of tertiary fuel injection nozzles arranged in a circular array about a longitudinal axis of the combustor, at a downstream of said venturi throat portion, for injecting fuel into the secondary combustion chamber.
摘要翻译： 一种改进的燃气轮机燃烧器，其包括具有文丘里管的主燃烧室和二次燃烧室，其包括位于其间的喉部; 多个主燃料喷射喷嘴，其固定到主燃烧室上游的环形阵列中的燃烧器盖; 以及包括二次燃料喷嘴的中心体，所述中心体从所述燃烧器盖延伸到所述二次燃烧室; 改进包括在所述文丘里喉部的下游处围绕燃烧器的纵向轴线以圆形阵列布置的多个三次燃料喷射喷嘴，用于将燃料喷射到二次燃烧室中。
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