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1.发明授权Electrolysis of alkali metal halides in a three-compartment cell with a pressurized buffer compartment 失效在具有加压缓冲隔室的三室电池中电解碱金属卤化物
公开(公告)号：US4214958A
公开(公告)日：1980-07-29
申请号：US38812
申请日：1979-05-14
摘要： The invention describes a pressurized, three compartment membrane cell for the electrolyzing aqueous alkali metal halides at low cell voltages and with high cathodic current efficiencies. Unitary electrode-electrolyte structures, in the form electrochemically active electrodes physically bonded to ion transporting permselective membranes divide the cell into anode, cathode and buffer compartments. The buffer compartment feed is pressurized to maintain at a positive pressure differential with respect to the anode and cathode compartment feeds. The flexible unitary electrode-membrane electrolytes are forced outwardly against electronically conductive anode and cathode current collectors to provide uniform, constant and controllable contact between the bonded electrodes and thereby minimizing ohmic losses. A three compartment cell operated in this fashion not only minimizes the voltage required to electrolyze the halide solution, but also increases the cathodic current efficiency at high caustic concentrations by providing multiple hydroxide rejection stages in a single cell process. The improvement in cathodic current efficiency is realized by forming a lower caustic concentration in the buffer compartment than in the cathode compartment thereby reducing backmigration of OH.sup.- ions into the anode compartment.
摘要翻译： 本发明描述了一种用于在低电池电压和高阴极电流效率下电解碱金属卤化碱水溶液的加压三室膜电池。 单电极 - 电解质结构，以电化学活性电极的形式物理键合到离子传输选择性选择膜将细胞分成阳极，阴极和缓冲隔室。 缓冲室进料被加压以相对于阳极和阴极室进料保持在正压差。 柔性单体电极 - 膜电解质被强制向外抵靠电子导电阳极和阴极集电器，以在接合的电极之间提供均匀的，恒定的和可控制的接触，从而最小化欧姆损耗。 以这种方式操作的三室单元不仅使电解卤化物溶液所需的电压最小化，而且通过在单个电池工艺中提供多个氢氧化物排除阶段来提高高苛性碱浓度下的阴极电流效率。 阴极电流效率的提高通过在缓冲室中形成比在阴极室中更低的苛性碱浓度来实现，从而减少OH-离子进入阳极室的反向迁移。
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2.发明授权Electrolysis of alkali metal halides in a three compartment cell with self-pressurized buffer compartment 失效在具有自加压缓冲隔室的三室电池中电解碱金属卤化物
公开(公告)号：US4212714A
公开(公告)日：1980-07-15
申请号：US38418
申请日：1979-05-14
摘要： The invention describes a self pressurized three compartment, membrane cell and a process for electrolyzing aqueous halide solutions at low cell voltages and high cathode current efficiencies. Electrochemically active electrodes are physically bonded to ion exchanging membranes which divide the cell into three compartments. The mass transport characteristics of the membranes are selected so that water brought into the center or buffer compartment along with the halide ions exceeds water transport out of the compartment. This results in good electrode to current collector contact as the membranes to which the electrochemically active electrodes are permanently bonded are forced against the current collectors.The instant invention relates to a process and apparatus for the electrolytic production of halogens and alkali metal hydroxides from aqueous alkali metal halide solutions. More particularly, it relates to the electrolysis of brine in a three compartment membrane cell having catalytic anode and cathode electrodes physically bonded to the permselective membranes which divide the cell into three compartments.
摘要翻译： 本发明描述了一种自加压三隔室，膜电池和用于在低电池电压和高阴极电流效率下电解卤化物溶液的方法。 电化学活性电极物理键合到离子交换膜，将细胞分成三个隔室。 选择膜的质量传输特性，使得与卤离子一起进入中心或缓冲室的水超过水输送出隔室。 这导致良好的电极到集电器接触，因为电化学活性电极被永久结合的膜被迫抵抗集电器。 本发明涉及从碱金属卤化物水溶液中电解生产卤素和碱金属氢氧化物的方法和装置。 更具体地说，本发明涉及一种具有催化阳极和阴极电极的物质结合到选择性选择膜的三室膜电池中的盐水电解，其将电池分成三个室。
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