公开(公告)号：US5517302A

公开(公告)日：1996-05-14

申请号：US231445

申请日：1994-04-20

Applicant: Thornton Stearns ,  Subhash C. Sarkar

Inventor： Thornton Stearns ,  Subhash C. Sarkar

IPC: G01J1/18 ,  G01J1/44 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/18 ,  G01J3/42 ,  G01N21/47 ,  G01J3/28

CPC classification number: G01N21/474 ,  G01J3/42 ,  G01J2001/182 ,  G01J2001/444 ,  G01J2003/421 ,  G01J2003/425 ,  G01J3/0221 ,  G01J3/1838 ,  G01N2021/4742

Abstract: A reflectometer for measuring absorption of light in selected regions of the light spectrum by a diffuse reflector. The reflectometer is adapted to precisely measure absorption resulting from the constituents present in body fluids. The sample to be measured is illuminated by a focussed light source at an angle of 45.degree. to its surface. The light diffusely reflected about the normal to the sample falls on a small round bundle of optical fibers. At the opposite end of the bundle, the fibers are arranged into a narrow rectangle. This rectangle forms the entrance slit for a concave holographic diffraction grating. The grating forms images of this entrance slit spectrally separated over a flat field suitable for recording the spectrum on film or on an array of discrete detectors.

Abstract translation: 用于通过漫反射器测量光谱的选定区域中的光的吸收的反射计。 反射计适用于精确测量由体液中存在的成分引起的吸收。 要测量的样品被聚焦光源以与其表面成45度的角度照射。 围绕样品的法线漫反射的光落在小圆形光纤束上。 在束的另一端，纤维被布置成窄的矩形。 该矩形形成凹面全息衍射光栅的入口狭缝。 光栅形成在适合于在胶片上或在离散检测器阵列上记录光谱的平坦场上光谱分离的入口狭缝的图像。

公开(公告)号：US5262840A

公开(公告)日：1993-11-16

申请号：US781

申请日：1993-01-04

Applicant: Thornton Stearns ,  Subhash C. Sarkar

Inventor： Thornton Stearns ,  Subhash C. Sarkar

IPC: G01J1/18 ,  G01J1/44 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/18 ,  G01J3/42 ,  G01N21/47 ,  G01J3/04

CPC classification number: G01J3/42 ,  G01N21/474 ,  G01J2001/182 ,  G01J2001/444 ,  G01J2003/421 ,  G01J2003/425 ,  G01J3/0221 ,  G01J3/1838 ,  G01N2021/4742

Abstract: A reflectometer for measuring absorption of light in selected regions of the light spectrum by a diffuse reflector. The reflectometer is adapted to precisely measure absorption resulting from the constituents present in body fluids. The sample to be measured is illuminated by a focused light source at an angle of 45.degree. to its surface. The light diffusely reflected about the normal to the sample falls on a small round bundle of optical fibers at the opposite end of the bundle, the fibers are arranged into a narrow rectangle. This rectangle forms the entrance slit for a concave holographic diffraction grating. The grating forms images of this entrance slit spectrally separated over a flat field suitable for recording the spectrum on film or on an array of discrete detectors.

Abstract translation: 用于通过漫反射器测量光谱的选定区域中的光的吸收的反射计。 反射计适用于精确测量由体液中存在的成分引起的吸收。 要测量的样品被聚焦光源以与其表面成45度的角度照射。 围绕样品的法线漫反射的光落在束的相对端的小圆形光纤束上，纤维被排列成窄的矩形。 该矩形形成凹面全息衍射光栅的入口狭缝。 光栅形成在适合于在胶片上或在离散检测器阵列上记录光谱的平坦场上光谱分离的入口狭缝的图像。

公开(公告)号：US4146135A

公开(公告)日：1979-03-27

申请号：US841093

申请日：1977-10-11

Applicant: Subhash C. Sarkar ,  Donald W. Chamberlin

Inventor： Subhash C. Sarkar ,  Donald W. Chamberlin

IPC: B07C5/342

CPC classification number: B07C5/3422

Abstract: An on-line detector for peach pits and peach pit fragments and the like remaining in peach halves following a pitting operation includes a sealed housing bordered on one side by an inclined view plate disposed between a feeding belt and a take-away belt. A peach half, pit cavity down, is passed by a viewing line above the view plate. Two different wavelengths of light are directed toward the viewing line and are reflected by a passing fruit section toward an array of light sensors. One of the wavelengths of light is controlled in on-off condition by a clock, being turned on during only a portion of each clock cycle. Output from each one in the array of light sensors is sampled during the portion of each clock cycle that the one wavelength is on, and differenced with the light sensor output from that sensor when the other wavelength only is on. Differencing occurs during each clock cycle and a difference output appears only in the presence of a pit or a pit fragment. Difference signals are summed to provide an indication of the size of a detected pit or pit fragment, and the summation is used to control accept/reject mechanism on-line downstream of the viewing line.

Abstract translation: 在点蚀操作之后保留在桃半部中的桃坑和桃坑碎片等的在线检测器包括：密封壳体，其一侧由设置在进给带和取出带之间的倾斜视图板边界。 一个桃子一半的坑穴向下通过视盘上方的观察线。 两个不同波长的光被引向观察线，并被通过的果实部分反射到光传感器的阵列。 光的一个波长通过时钟在开关状态下被控制，在每个时钟周期的仅一部分期间被导通。 在每个时钟周期中，一个波长的导通部分，对光传感器阵列中的每一个的输出进行采样，当另一个波长开启时，与该传感器的光传感器输出差分。 差异在每个时钟周期内发生，差分输出仅在存在凹坑或凹坑碎片的情况下出现。 差分信号相加以提供检测到的凹坑或凹坑碎片的大小的指示，并且求和用于控制在线观察线下游的接收/拒绝机制。