公开(公告)号：US06393545B1

公开(公告)日：2002-05-21

申请号：US09873429

申请日：2001-06-05

申请人： Timothy Merrick Long ,  Michael John Webb ,  Christopher Amies

发明人： Timothy Merrick Long ,  Michael John Webb ,  Christopher Amies

IPC分类号： G06F1500

CPC分类号： G06F9/3879 ,  G06F9/3885 ,  G06F9/3897 ,  G06T1/20 ,  G06T15/00

摘要： The present invention relates to a method, apparatus and system for managing virtual memory, in which a co-processor (224) is adapted to use virtual memory with a host processor (202). A host memory (203) is coupled to the host processor (202) to implement the virtual memory. The co-processor (224) includes a virtual-physical memory mapping device (915) for interrogating a virtual memory table and for mapping one or more virtual memory addresses (880) requested by the co-processor (224) into corresponding physical addresses (873) in the host memory (203). The virtual memory table is stored in two or more non-contiguously addressable regions of the host memory (203), and is preferably a page table. The memory mapping device (915) further includes a multiple-entry translation lookaside buffer (889) for caching virtual-to-physical address mappings (872), where entries in the buffer (889) are replaced on a least recently used replacement basis. The memory mapping device (915) also includes devices (901) for comparing, replacing, singly invalidating and multiply invalidating one or more entries of the translation lookaside buffer (889). It also includes a hashing device (892) for, upon an occurrence of a miss in the translation lookaside buffer (889), hashing a virtual memory address (880) using a hash function to produce an index into the virtual memory table.

公开(公告)号：US06336180B1

公开(公告)日：2002-01-01

申请号：US09025755

申请日：1998-02-18

申请人： Timothy Merrick Long ,  Michael John Webb ,  Christopher Amies

发明人： Timothy Merrick Long ,  Michael John Webb ,  Christopher Amies

IPC分类号： G06F1500

CPC分类号： G06F9/3879 ,  G06F9/3885 ,  G06F9/3897 ,  G06T1/20 ,  G06T15/00

摘要： The present invention relates to a method, apparatus and system for managing virtual memory, in which a co-processor (224) is adapted to use virtual memory with a host processor (202). A host memory (203) is coupled to the host processor (202) to implement the virtual memory. The co-processor (224) includes a virtual-physical memory mapping device (915) for interrogating a virtual memory table and for mapping one or more virtual memory addresses (880) requested by the co-processor (224) into corresponding physical addresses (873) in the host memory (203). The virtual memory table is stored in two or more non-contiguously addressable regions of the host memory (203), and is preferably a page table. The memory mapping device (915) further includes a multiple-entry translation lookaside buffer (889) for caching virtual-to-physical address mappings (872), where entries in the buffer (889) are replaced on a least recently used replacement basis. The memory mapping device (915) also includes devices (901) for comparing, replacing, singly invalidating and multiply invalidating one or more entries of the translation lookaside buffer (889). It also includes a hashing device (892) for, upon an occurrence of a miss in the translation lookaside buffer (889), hashing a virtual memory address (880) using a hash function to produce an index into the virtual memory table.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种用于管理虚拟存储器的方法，装置和系统，其中协处理器（224）适于与主机处理器（202）一起使用虚拟存储器。 主机存储器（203）耦合到主处理器（202）以实现虚拟存储器。 协处理器（224）包括虚拟物理存储器映射设备（915），用于询问虚拟存储器表并且将由协处理器（224）请求的一个或多个虚拟存储器地址（880）映射到相应的物理地址（ 873）在主机存储器（203）中。 虚拟存储器表存储在主机存储器（203）的两个或多个非连续可寻址的区域中，并且优选地是页表。 存储器映射设备（915）还包括用于缓存虚拟到物理地址映射（872）的多条目转换后备缓冲器（889），其中缓冲器（889）中的条目以最近最少使用的替换为基础被替换。 存储器映射设备（915）还包括用于比较，替换，使对翻译后备缓冲器（889）的一个或多个条目进行无效和相乘的设备（901）。 它还包括一个散列设备（892），用于在翻译后备缓冲器（889）中发生未命中时，使用散列函数对虚拟存储器地址（880）进行散列以产生虚拟存储器表的索引。

公开(公告)号：US06349379B2

公开(公告)日：2002-02-19

申请号：US09025194

申请日：1998-02-18

申请人： Ian Gibson ,  Timothy Merrick Long ,  Christopher Amies

发明人： Ian Gibson ,  Timothy Merrick Long ,  Christopher Amies

IPC分类号： G06F9312

CPC分类号： G06T15/005 ,  G06F9/3879 ,  G06F9/3885 ,  G06F9/3897 ,  G06F17/147 ,  G06T1/20 ,  G06T2200/28 ,  G11C7/1075 ,  H04N19/42 ,  H04N19/90

摘要： The present invention discloses an image processor (224) for executing a computer instruction set (280, 290) in the form of an opcode (281), at least one operand (283-285) which is, or indicates the location of data to be processed. The data to be processed consists of a variable length stream of data and each instruction includes a length field (297) containing data specifying the number of items of data to be processed or, if that number exceeds the size of the length field, a predetermined location of a previously allocated storage area at which that number is stored.

摘要翻译： 本发明公开了一种图像处理器（224），用于以操作码（281）的形式执行计算机指令集（280,290），至少一个操作数（283-285），或指示数据的位置 被处理。 要处理的数据由可变长度的数据流组成，并且每个指令包括长度字段（297），其包含指定要处理的数据项数量的数据，或者如果该数量超过长度字段的大小，则预定 存储该号码的先前分配的存储区域的位置。

公开(公告)号：US6145064A

公开(公告)日：2000-11-07

申请号：US917034

申请日：1997-08-26

申请人： Timothy Merrick Long ,  Christopher Amies ,  Graham Stoney

发明人： Timothy Merrick Long ,  Christopher Amies ,  Graham Stoney

IPC分类号： G06F12/1018 ,  G06F12/02

CPC分类号： G06F12/1018

摘要： A method of updating, directing or moving page table entry values in a virtual memory management system. The method operates without requiring suspension of a search process looking for a predetermined page table entry value of a page table. In a first step, the method determines whether the current page table value is the predetermined page table entry value or whether the search process looking for a page table entry value is in progress. Then, the current page table entry value is deleted or moved in the event that the current page table entry value is not the predetermined page table entry value or in the event that the search process is not in progress. Next, the method waits until the search process has completed looking for the predetermined page table entry value or for a predetermined period of time before deleting or moving the current page table entry value, in the event that the current page table entry value is the predetermined page table entry value or in the event that the search process looking for a page table entry value is in progress.

摘要翻译： 一种在虚拟存储器管理系统中更新，指导或移动页表输入值的方法。 该方法操作而不需要暂停寻找页表的预定页表条目值的搜索过程。 在第一步骤中，该方法确定当前页表值是否为预定页表条目值，或者是否正在进行寻找页表条目值的搜索处理。 然后，在当前页表项输入值不是预定页表条目值的情况下，或者在搜索进程未进行的情况下，当前页表条目值被删除或移动。 接下来，该方法等待直到搜索处理已经完成，在删除或移动当前页表格条目值之前查找预定页表条目值或预定时间段，如果当前页表条目值是预定的 页表条目值，或者在查找页表项值的搜索进程正在进行中。

公开(公告)号：US06674536B2

公开(公告)日：2004-01-06

申请号：US09025768

申请日：1998-02-18

申请人： Timothy Merrick Long ,  Ian Gibson ,  Christopher Amies

发明人： Timothy Merrick Long ,  Ian Gibson ,  Christopher Amies

IPC分类号： G06F312

CPC分类号： G06F9/3879 ,  G06F9/3885 ,  G06F9/3897 ,  G06T1/20 ,  G06T15/00

摘要： The present invention discloses apparatus for, and a method of, rendering image data prior to outputting of the resulting image. A graphics co-processor (224) is utilized together with a host CPU (202), the former having a plurality of data calculation streams (241, 242, 243) arranged in parallel fashion. Only one of the data calculation streams (241, 242, 243) is operated at any one time. Preferably at least one (242) of the data calculation streams is able to be reconfigured.

摘要翻译： 本发明公开了在输出所得图像之前渲染图像数据的装置和方法。 图形协处理器（224）与主机CPU（202）一起使用，前者具有并行排列的多个数据计算流（241,242,243）。 只有一个数据计算流（241,242,243）在任何一个时间被操作。 优选地，能够重新配置数据计算流中的至少一个（242）。

公开(公告)号：US20070297565A1

公开(公告)日：2007-12-27

申请号：US11243056

申请日：2005-10-03

申请人： Mark Wofford ,  Ajit Singh ,  Christopher Amies ,  Peter Hoban ,  Jochen Kusch ,  Stefan Gliessmann ,  Joerg Stein

发明人： Mark Wofford ,  Ajit Singh ,  Christopher Amies ,  Peter Hoban ,  Jochen Kusch ,  Stefan Gliessmann ,  Joerg Stein

IPC分类号： A61N5/10

CPC分类号： A61N5/103 ,  A61N5/1038 ,  A61N5/1065 ,  A61N5/1069 ,  A61N2005/1061

摘要： Use of an adaptive radiation therapy framework includes determination of a radiation beam size, radiation beam shape, and radiation beam position for delivering at least a portion of a prescribed radiation dose to a target volume based on first image data of a patient, and selection of one radiation therapy process from an available first process and second process. The first radiation therapy process comprises acquisition of two dimensional image data of the patient, determination of a position offset based on the two-dimensional image data and on the first image data, and movement of the patient based on the position offset. The second radiation therapy process comprises acquisition of three-dimensional image data of the patient, determination of a second position offset based on the three-dimensional image data and on the first image data, and movement of the patient based on the second position offset.

摘要翻译： 使用自适应放射治疗框架包括基于患者的第一图像数据确定辐射束尺寸，辐射束形状和辐射束位置，用于将至少一部分规定的辐射剂量输送到目标体积，以及选择 一个可用的第一个过程和第二个过程的放射治疗过程。 第一放射治疗过程包括获取患者的二维图像数据，基于二维图像数据和第一图像数据确定位置偏移以及基于位置偏移的患者的移动。 第二放射治疗过程包括获取患者的三维图像数据，基于三维图像数据和第一图像数据确定第二位置偏移以及基于第二位置偏移的患者的移动。

公开(公告)号：US20100067647A1

公开(公告)日：2010-03-18

申请号：US12210983

申请日：2008-09-15

申请人： Ali Bani-Hashemi ,  Christopher Amies

发明人： Ali Bani-Hashemi ,  Christopher Amies

IPC分类号： A61B6/00

CPC分类号： A61B6/502

摘要： A system includes emission of a first plurality of radiation beams from respective ones of a first plurality of locations along a first arc, acquisition of a first plurality of projection images of a target based on the first plurality of radiation beams, emission of a second plurality of radiation beams from respective ones of a second plurality of locations along a second arc, acquisition of a second plurality of projection images of the target based on the second plurality of radiation beams, and generation of a three-dimensional image of the target based on the first plurality of projection images and the second plurality of projection images, wherein a density of the first plurality of locations along the first arc is less than the density of the second plurality of locations along the second arc.In some aspects, at least one of the first plurality of radiation beams exhibits a first divergence angle, and at least one of the second plurality of radiation beams exhibits a second divergence angle different from the first divergence angle.

摘要翻译： 一种系统包括从沿着第一弧的第一多个位置的相应位置发射第一多个辐射束，基于第一多个辐射束获取目标的第一多个投影图像，发射第二多个 的辐射束，沿着第二弧的来自第二多个位置的相应的辐射束，基于所述第二多个辐射束获取所述目标的第二多个投影图像，以及基于所述第二多个辐射束生成所述目标的三维图像 第一多个投影图像和第二多个投影图像，其中沿着第一弧的第一多个位置的密度小于沿着第二弧的第二多个位置的密度。 在一些方面，第一多个辐射束中的至少一个呈现第一发散角，并且第二多个辐射束中的至少一个辐射束呈现与第一发散角不同的第二发散角。

公开(公告)号：US20050281389A1

公开(公告)日：2005-12-22

申请号：US10864190

申请日：2004-06-08

申请人： Jochen Kusch ,  Christopher Amies

发明人： Jochen Kusch ,  Christopher Amies

IPC分类号： A61B6/00 ,  A61N5/10 ,  H05G1/02

CPC分类号： A61N5/1049 ,  A61B6/4441 ,  A61B6/466 ,  A61N5/1081 ,  A61N2005/1061

摘要： A system according to some embodiments may include a treatment head to emit treatment radiation, a gantry coupled to the treatment head, an x-ray tube to emit imaging radiation, an imaging device to acquire an image based on the imaging radiation, and a C-arm coupled to the x-ray tube, the imaging device, and the gantry.

摘要翻译： 根据一些实施例的系统可以包括用于发射治疗辐射的治疗头，耦合到治疗头的台架，用于发射成像辐射的X射线管，用于基于成像辐射获取图像的成像装置，以及C - 联接到x射线管，成像装置和龙门架。

公开(公告)号：US06259456B1

公开(公告)日：2001-07-10

申请号：US09025614

申请日：1998-02-18

申请人： Ian Gibson ,  Christopher Amies

发明人： Ian Gibson ,  Christopher Amies

IPC分类号： G06F1500

CPC分类号： G06F9/3879 ,  G06F9/3885 ,  G06F9/3897 ,  G06T1/20 ,  G06T15/00

摘要： A graphics processor for performing graphical operations on graphical objects that are represented in an external data format selected from a set thereof includes a first mapping unit adapted to map one or more groups of different ones of the set of external data formats to corresponding one or more internal data formats selected from a set of internal data formats, a calculator for performing graphical operations on the graphical objects when in the one or more internal data formats, and a second mapping unit adapted to map each internal data format in the set of internal data formats to an external data format selected from the set of external data formats after the graphical operations have been performed.

摘要翻译： 用于对从其集合中选择的外部数据格式表示的图形对象执行图形操作的图形处理器包括：第一映射单元，适于将所述一组外部数据格式的一组或多组不同的映射对象映射到对应的一个或多个 从一组内部数据格式中选择的内部数据格式，用于在所述一个或多个内部数据格式中对所述图形对象执行图形操作的计算器，以及适于映射所述内部数据集合中的每个内部数据格式的第二映射单元 格式化为在执行图形操作之后从一组外部数据格式中选择的外部数据格式。

公开(公告)号：US07912176B2

公开(公告)日：2011-03-22

申请号：US12210983

申请日：2008-09-15

申请人： Ali Bani-Hashemi ,  Christopher Amies

发明人： Ali Bani-Hashemi ,  Christopher Amies

IPC分类号： A61B6/03

CPC分类号： A61B6/502

摘要： A system includes emission of a first plurality of radiation beams from respective ones of a first plurality of locations along a first arc, acquisition of a first plurality of projection images of a target based on the first plurality of radiation beams, emission of a second plurality of radiation beams from respective ones of a second plurality of locations along a second arc, acquisition of a second plurality of projection images of the target based on the second plurality of radiation beams, and generation of a three-dimensional image of the target based on the first plurality of projection images and the second plurality of projection images, wherein a density of the first plurality of locations along the first arc is less than the density of the second plurality of locations along the second arc.

摘要翻译： 一种系统包括从沿着第一弧的第一多个位置的相应位置发射第一多个辐射束，基于第一多个辐射束获取目标的第一多个投影图像，发射第二多个 的辐射束，沿着第二弧的来自第二多个位置的相应的辐射束，基于所述第二多个辐射束获取所述目标的第二多个投影图像，以及基于所述第二多个辐射束生成所述目标的三维图像 第一多个投影图像和第二多个投影图像，其中沿着第一弧的第一多个位置的密度小于沿着第二弧的第二多个位置的密度。