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    Initiating operation of an electric vehicle or other load powered by a fuel cell at sub-freezing temperature
    2.
    发明授权
    Initiating operation of an electric vehicle or other load powered by a fuel cell at sub-freezing temperature 有权
    在次冷冻温度下启动由燃料电池供电的电动车辆或其他负载

    公开(公告)号：US06673481B1

    公开(公告)日：2004-01-06

    申请号：US10390439

    申请日：2003-03-17

    申请人： Carl A. Reiser ,  Gennady Resnick ,  Neil A. Popovich

    发明人： Carl A. Reiser ,  Gennady Resnick ,  Neil A. Popovich

    IPC分类号： H01M804

    CPC分类号： H01M8/04223 ,  H01M8/0258 ,  H01M8/0267 ,  H01M8/04022 ,  H01M8/04156 ,  H01M8/04302 ,  H01M8/241 ,  H01M8/2457

    摘要： A vehicle (150) includes a fuel cell stack (151) started when the stack is below freezing, by connection (158) to the vehicle propulsion system (159) within a few seconds of starting the flow of fuel (179) and oxidant (173), or when open circuit voltage (155, 156) is detected. The fuel is in excess of stochiometry requirement and the oxidant is in excess of at least twice stochiometric requirement, either may be at about atmospheric pressure or at 4 kPa (0.6 psi) or more above the pressure of any water in said water passages, and either may be below freezing. Water transport plates (84, 86, 88, 89) have water passages connected to a water circulation loop (170) including a reservoir (164) having an auxiliary heater (161) connected (160) to the stack. Warming of cell stack materials and ice in the water transport plates, heat of fusion of melting ice, warming of melted water, and evaporative cooling of water melted in the water transport plates keep the fuel cell cool until liquid coolant can be circulated.

    摘要翻译： 车辆（150）包括当起动燃料（179）和氧化剂（179）的流动的几秒钟内，通过在车辆推进系统（159）上连接（158）而在堆栈低于冰点时启动的燃料电池堆（151） 173），或者当检测到开路电压（155,156）时。 燃料超过了化学计量要求，氧化剂超过了至少两次化学计量要求，可能处于大气压或高于所述水通道中任何水的压力的4kPa（0.6psi）或更高，以及 可能低于冰点。 水输送板（84,86,88,89）具有连接到水循环回路（170）的水通道，水循环回路（170）包括具有与堆叠连接（160）的辅助加热器（161）的储存器（164）。 水输送板中的电池堆料和冰的变暖，熔化冰融化的热量，熔融水的升温以及在水输送板中熔化的水的蒸发冷却使得燃料电池冷却直到液体冷却剂可循环。

    Method and apparatus for the operation of a cell stack assembly during subfreezing temperatures
    3.
    发明授权
    Method and apparatus for the operation of a cell stack assembly during subfreezing temperatures 失效
    在解冻温度期间操作细胞堆叠组件的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号：US07282285B2

    公开(公告)日：2007-10-16

    申请号：US10473989

    申请日：2002-04-05

    申请人： Harold T. Couch ,  Carl A. Reiser ,  Gennady Resnick ,  Deliang Yang ,  Emily A. Dykeman ,  David A. Condit

    发明人： Harold T. Couch ,  Carl A. Reiser ,  Gennady Resnick ,  Deliang Yang ,  Emily A. Dykeman ,  David A. Condit

    IPC分类号： H01M8/04

    CPC分类号： H01M8/04253 ,  H01M8/0267 ,  H01M8/04029 ,  H01M8/04303 ,  H01M8/2457 ,  H01M8/2465

    摘要： A cell stack assembly (102) coolant system comprises a coolant exhaust conduit (110) in fluid communication with a coolant exhaust manifold (108) and a coolant pump (112). A coolant inlet conduit (120) enables transportation of the coolant to the coolant inlet manifold. The coolant system further includes a bypass conduit (132) in fluid communication with the coolant exhaust manifold and the coolant inlet manifold, while a bleed valve (130) is in fluid communication with the coolant exhaust conduit and a source of gas. Operation of the bleed valve enables venting of the coolant from the coolant channels, and through a shut down conduit (124). An increased pressure differential between the coolant and reactant gases forces water out of the pores in the electrode substrates (107,109). An ejector (250) prevents air form inhibiting the pump. Pulsed air is blown (238,239,243,245) through the coolant channels to remove more water.

    摘要翻译： 电池堆组件（102）冷却剂系统包括与冷却剂排气歧管（108）和冷却剂泵（112）流体连通的冷却剂排放导管（110）。 冷却剂入口管道（120）能够将冷却剂输送到冷却剂入口歧管。 冷却剂系统还包括与冷却剂排出歧管和冷却剂入口歧管流体连通的旁通管道（132），而排放阀（130）与冷却剂排放管道和气体源流体连通。 泄放阀的操作使冷却剂从冷却剂通道排出，并通过关闭导管（124）。 冷却剂和反应气体之间的增加的压差迫使水从电极基板（107,109）中的孔隙中流出。 喷射器（250）防止空气形式阻止泵。 脉冲空气通过冷却剂通道吹出（238,239,243,245）以除去更多的水。

    End-cell thermal distancing for fuel cell system
    4.
    发明授权
    End-cell thermal distancing for fuel cell system 有权
    燃料电池系统的终端热隔离

    公开(公告)号：US06824901B2

    公开(公告)日：2004-11-30

    申请号：US10225527

    申请日：2002-08-21

    申请人： Carl A. Reiser ,  Gennady Resnick

    发明人： Carl A. Reiser ,  Gennady Resnick

    IPC分类号： H01M802

    CPC分类号： H01M8/04029 ,  H01M8/0234 ,  H01M8/04228 ,  H01M8/04253 ,  H01M8/04303 ,  H01M8/241 ,  H01M8/248

    摘要： A PEM fuel cell system includes a plurality of PEM fuel cells arranged in a stack having two opposed, outwardly facing end surfaces; pressure plates positioned relative to said end surfaces for securing said PEM fuel cells in said stack; and spacer members between said end surfaces and said pressure plates for thermally insulating said end surfaces from said pressure plates.

    摘要翻译： PEM燃料电池系统包括布置在具有两个相对的面向外的端面的堆叠中的多个PEM燃料电池; 相对于所述端面定位的压板，用于将所述PEM燃料电池固定在所述堆叠中; 以及在所述端面和所述压板之间的间隔件，用于将所述端面与所述压板绝热。

    Catalytic combustors keeping contained medium warm in response to hydrostatic valve
    6.
    发明申请
    Catalytic combustors keeping contained medium warm in response to hydrostatic valve 有权
    催化燃烧器保持含有介质温度响应静液阀

    公开(公告)号：US20090280036A1

    公开(公告)日：2009-11-12

    申请号：US11794599

    申请日：2005-10-31

    申请人： Carl A. Reiser ,  Kazuo Saito ,  James Cameron ,  Gennady Resnick

    发明人： Carl A. Reiser ,  Kazuo Saito ,  James Cameron ,  Gennady Resnick

    IPC分类号： B01J19/00

    CPC分类号： F23C13/00 ,  F23C13/08 ,  F23C2900/9901 ,  F23D14/22 ,  F23D14/32 ,  F23N2025/18 ,  F23N2037/12 ,  H01M8/04022 ,  H01M8/04126 ,  H01M8/2475

    摘要： Water (9) in a fuel cell accumulator (10) is kept above freezing by a hydrogen/oxygen catalytic combustor (13) fed hydrogen through a mechanical thermostatic valve (25) in thermal communication (26) with the container (10) or the air nearby, and connected to hydrogen (28), optionally in series with a timer valve (183). The combustor may comprise an ejector (32) having hydrogen through its primary inlet (31) drawing air through a secondary inlet (33), or a diffusion combustor having a catalyst (38), including TEFLON® to permit water generated by combustion to flow by gravity out of the catalyst, spaced from a heating surface (30), and a diffusion control device (40); low partial pressure of oxygen at the catalyst causing diffusion through the device. Combustion vapor condenses on a surface (146) and is led by hydrophilic woven carbon paper (126) and wicking material (133) downwardly, through a disk (140) and plugs (147) either to ambient to a salt canister (190), or to a porous hydrophilic mixer (200) for mixture with antifreeze (206).

    摘要翻译： 燃料电池蓄能器（10）中的水（9）通过氢气/氧气催化燃烧器（13）保持高于通过与容器（10）热交换的机械恒温阀（25）或氢气 空气附近，并连接到氢（28），任选地与定时阀（183）串联。 燃烧器可以包括具有通过其主入口（31）的氢气的喷射器（32），其通过次级入口（33）抽吸空气，或者具有催化剂（38）的扩散燃烧器，包括TEFLON以允许由燃烧产生的水 通过重力流出催化剂，与加热表面（30）间隔开;以及扩散控制装置（40）; 在催化剂下氧的低分压导致通过该装置的扩散。 燃烧蒸气在表面（146）上冷凝，并且由亲水性编织碳纸（126）和芯吸材料（133）向下引导通过盘（140）和塞子（147）到环境到盐罐（190）， 或与用于与防冻剂（206）混合的多孔亲水混合器（200）。

    Catalytic combustors keeping contained medium warm in response to hydrostatic valve
    7.
    发明授权
    Catalytic combustors keeping contained medium warm in response to hydrostatic valve 有权
    催化燃烧器保持含有介质温度响应静液阀

    公开(公告)号：US07410619B2

    公开(公告)日：2008-08-12

    申请号：US11027333

    申请日：2004-12-29

    申请人： Carl A. Reiser ,  Kazuo Saito ,  James Cameron ,  Gennady Resnick

    发明人： Carl A. Reiser ,  Kazuo Saito ,  James Cameron ,  Gennady Resnick

    IPC分类号： F01N3/20 ,  H01M8/04

    CPC分类号： F23C13/00 ,  F23C13/08 ,  F23C2900/9901 ,  F23D14/22 ,  F23D14/32 ,  F23N2025/18 ,  F23N2037/12 ,  H01M8/04022 ,  H01M8/04126 ,  H01M8/2475

    摘要： The medium (9), such as water, of a container (10), such as a fuel cell accumulator, is kept above freezing by a hydrogen/oxygen catalytic combustor (13) fed hydrogen from a source comprising a mechanical thermostatic valve (25) in thermal communication (26) with the container (10) and connected to a hydrogen supply (28). The combustor may comprise an ejector (32) having hydrogen through its primary inlet (31) drawing air through a secondary inlet (33). The combustor may comprise a diffusion combustor having a catalyst (38) spaced from a heating surface (30) and a diffusion control plate (40) low partial pressure of oxygen at the catalyst causing diffusion through the barrier. Water vapor from combustion condenses on a surface (146) and is led by hydrophilic woven carbon paper (126) to wicking material (133), which has smaller pores than the carbon paper, which leads the water downwardly, through a disk (140) and plugs (147) to atmospheric air. The noble metal catalyst mixture includes TEFLON® to permit water generated by combustion to flow by gravity out of the catalyst.

    摘要翻译： 诸如燃料电池蓄能器的容器（10）等介质（如水）通过氢气/氧气催化燃烧器（13）保持在高于冰的位置，氢气/氧气催化燃烧器（13）从包含机械恒温阀（25 ）与容器（10）热连通（26）并连接到氢气供应（28）。 燃烧器可以包括通过其主入口（31）具有氢气的喷射器（32），空气通过次级入口（33）抽吸空气。 燃烧器可以包括具有与加热表面（30）间隔开的催化剂（38）和扩散控制板（40）的扩散燃烧器，催化剂上的低氧分压导致通过阻挡层的扩散。 来自燃烧的水蒸汽在表面（146）上冷凝并由亲水性编织碳纸（126）引导到芯吸材料（133），其具有比碳纸更小的孔，其通过盘（140）向下引导水， 并将塞子（147）连接到大气中。 贵金属催化剂混合物包括使燃烧产生的水通过重力流出催化剂的TEFLON。

    System and method for starting a fuel cell stack assembly at sub-freezing temperature
    8.
    发明授权
    System and method for starting a fuel cell stack assembly at sub-freezing temperature 有权
    在亚冷冻温度下启动燃料电池堆组件的系统和方法

    公开(公告)号：US07056609B2

    公开(公告)日：2006-06-06

    申请号：US10396894

    申请日：2003-03-25

    申请人： Carl A. Reiser ,  Gennady Resnick

    发明人： Carl A. Reiser ,  Gennady Resnick

    IPC分类号： H01M8/00 ,  H01M2/00

    CPC分类号： H01M8/04253 ,  H01M8/0202 ,  H01M8/04007 ,  H01M8/04225 ,  H01M8/04268 ,  H01M8/04302 ,  H01M8/241

    摘要： A method for operating a fuel cell stack assembly having a plurality of fuel cells arranged in a stack to define opposed end fuel cells, wherein the plurality of fuel cells include intermediate fuel cells between the opposed end fuel cells, including feeding fuel and oxidant to the intermediate fuel cells whereby the at least one end fuel cell transports hydrogen across the cell and produces heat.

    摘要翻译： 一种用于操作燃料电池堆组件的方法，所述燃料电池堆组件具有布置在堆叠中的多个燃料电池，以限定相对的端部燃料电池，其中所述多个燃料电池包括在相对的末端燃料电池之间的中间燃料电池，包括将燃料和氧化剂供给到 中间燃料电池，由此至少一个末端燃料电池将氢气输送通过电池并产生热量。

    Separator plate configuration for a fuel cell
    10.
    发明授权
    Separator plate configuration for a fuel cell 有权
    燃料电池分离板配置

    公开(公告)号：US08507137B2

    公开(公告)日：2013-08-13

    申请号：US12922724

    申请日：2008-04-23

    申请人： Glenn Michael Allen ,  Gennady Resnick

    发明人： Glenn Michael Allen ,  Gennady Resnick

    IPC分类号： H01M8/04

    CPC分类号： H01M8/0204 ,  H01M8/023 ,  H01M8/0258 ,  H01M8/0267 ,  H01M8/04104 ,  H01M8/04119

    摘要： A fuel cell includes a membrane electrode assembly comprised of a membrane sandwiched between anode and cathode catalyst structures. An anode separator plate and a cathode separator plate are arranged adjacent to the membrane electrode assembly opposite from one another. The anode and cathode separator plates include opposing sides in which one of the opposing sides of the anode and cathode respectively have fuel and oxidant flow fields in communication with the membrane. The anode separator plate is a structure having a first water permeability and is configured to permit passage of water between its opposing sides and with its flow field, and the cathode separator plate comprises a structure having a second water permeability less than the first water permeability of the anode separator plate. In one example, the anode is provided by a porous separator plate, and the cathode is provided by a non-porous, or solid, plate.

    摘要翻译： 燃料电池包括由夹在阳极和阴极催化剂结构之间的膜构成的膜电极组件。 阳极隔板和阴极隔板相邻地布置在膜电极组件的附近。 阳极和阴极隔板包括相对的侧面，阳极和阴极的相对侧中的一个分别具有与膜连通的燃料和氧化剂流场。 阳极隔板是具有第一透水性的结构，其构造成允许水在其相对侧和其流场之间通过，并且阴极隔板包括具有小于第一透水性的第二透水性的结构 阳极隔板。 在一个实例中，阳极由多孔隔板提供，阴极由无孔或固体板提供。