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    Fuel cells evaporative reactant gas cooling and operational freeze prevention
    2.
    发明授权
    Fuel cells evaporative reactant gas cooling and operational freeze prevention 有权
    燃料电池蒸发反应物气体冷却和操作防冻

    公开(公告)号：US07579098B2

    公开(公告)日：2009-08-25

    申请号：US11230066

    申请日：2005-09-19

    申请人： Carl A. Reiser ,  Jeremy P. Meyers ,  David D. Johnson ,  Craig E. Evans ,  Robert M. Darling ,  Tommy Skiba ,  Ryan J. Balliet

    发明人： Carl A. Reiser ,  Jeremy P. Meyers ,  David D. Johnson ,  Craig E. Evans ,  Robert M. Darling ,  Tommy Skiba ,  Ryan J. Balliet

    IPC分类号： H01M8/02 ,  H01M8/04

    CPC分类号： H01M8/04089 ,  F28D15/0266 ,  F28F2245/02 ,  H01M8/0258 ,  H01M8/0267 ,  H01M8/04029 ,  H01M8/241 ,  H01M8/2457 ,  H01M8/2484

    摘要： Fuel cells (38) have water passageways (67; 78, 85; 78a, 85a) that provide water through reactant gas flow field plates (74, 81) to cool the fuel cell. The water passageways may be vented to atmosphere (99), by a porous plug (69), or pumped (89, 146) with or without removing any water from the passageways. A condenser (59, 124) receives reactant air exhaust, may have a contiguous reservoir (64, 128), may be vertical, (a vehicle radiator, FIG. 2), may be horizontal, contiguous with the top of the fuel cell stack (37, FIG. 5), or below (124) the fuel cell stack (120). The passageways may be grooves (76, 77; 83, 84) or may comprise a plane of porous hydrophilic material (78a, 85a) contiguous with substantially the entire surface of one or both of the reactant gas flow field plates. Air flow in the condenser may be controlled by shutters (155). The condenser may be a heat exchanger (59a) having freeze-proof liquid flowing through a coil (161) thereof, the amount being controlled by a valve (166). A deionizer (175) may be used.

    摘要翻译： 燃料电池（38）具有通过反应气体流场板（74,81）提供水以冷却燃料电池的水通道（67; 78,85; 78a，85a）。 水通道可以通过多孔塞（69）排放到大气（99），或者通过或不从通道中去除任何水而被泵送（89,146）。 冷凝器（59,124）接收反应物排气，可以具有连续的储存器（64,128），其可以是垂直的（图2的车辆散热器）可以是水平的，与燃料电池堆的顶部邻接 （37，图5）或下面（124）燃料电池堆（120）。 通道可以是凹槽（76,77; 83,84），或者可以包括与反应物气体流场板中的一个或两个的基本上整个表面相邻的多孔亲水材料（78a，85a）的平面。 冷凝器中的气流可由百叶窗（155）控制。 冷凝器可以是具有流过其线圈（161）的防冻液体的热交换器（59a），其量由阀（166）控制。 可以使用去离子器（175）。

    Retaining water in a fuel cell stack for cooling and humidification during frozen startup
    3.
    发明授权
    Retaining water in a fuel cell stack for cooling and humidification during frozen startup 有权
    在冷冻启动期间保持燃料电池堆中的水进行冷却和加湿

    公开(公告)号：US07645531B2

    公开(公告)日：2010-01-12

    申请号：US11918624

    申请日：2005-04-15

    申请人： Robert M. Darling ,  Craig E. Evans ,  Carl A. Reiser ,  Tommy Skiba ,  Ryan J. Balliet

    发明人： Robert M. Darling ,  Craig E. Evans ,  Carl A. Reiser ,  Tommy Skiba ,  Ryan J. Balliet

    IPC分类号： H01M8/04

    CPC分类号： H01M8/04291 ,  H01M8/04029 ,  H01M8/04134 ,  H01M8/04164 ,  H01M8/04171 ,  H01M8/04253 ,  H01M8/04303 ,  H01M8/241 ,  H01M8/2415 ,  H01M8/2484 ,  H01M2008/1095

    摘要： A fuel cell power plant (19, 19a) has a plurality of fuel cells (70, 70a, 70c) arranged in a stack (20, 20c), each fuel cell having porous, at least partially hydrophilic water transport plates (75, 81) with fuel (74) and oxidant (82) reactant gas channels, there being water channels (78, 85, 78a, 85a, 78c, 85c) exchanging water with the water transport plates. On shut down, water is retained in the water channels and water transport plates by means of either a micro vacuum pump (46), one or two valves (89, 90, 118, 120), a check valve (95, 99), capillary force in the water channels to prevent water from entering the reactant channels which, if frozen, could block flow of reactant gas upon startup.

    摘要翻译： 燃料电池发电厂（19,19a）具有以堆叠（20,20c）排列的多个燃料电池（70,70a，70c），每个燃料电池具有多孔的，至少部分亲水的水输送板（75,81 ）与燃料（74）和氧化剂（82）反应物气体通道，存在与水输送板交换水的水通道（78,85,78a，85a，78c，85c）。 关闭时，通过微型真空泵（46），一个或两个阀（89,90,118,120），止回阀（95,99），水被保持在水通道和水输送板中， 水通道中的毛细管力，以防止水进入反应物通道，如果冷冻，则可能阻止反应气体在启动时流动。

    Retaining water in a fuel cell stack for cooling and humidification during frozen startup
    7.
    发明申请
    Retaining water in a fuel cell stack for cooling and humidification during frozen startup 有权
    在冷冻启动期间保持燃料电池堆中的水进行冷却和加湿

    公开(公告)号：US20090061262A1

    公开(公告)日：2009-03-05

    申请号：US11918624

    申请日：2005-04-15

    申请人： Robert M. Darling ,  Craig E. Evans ,  Carl A. Reiser ,  Tommy Skiba ,  Ryan J. Balliet

    发明人： Robert M. Darling ,  Craig E. Evans ,  Carl A. Reiser ,  Tommy Skiba ,  Ryan J. Balliet

    IPC分类号： H01M8/04 ,  H01M8/10

    CPC分类号： H01M8/04291 ,  H01M8/04029 ,  H01M8/04134 ,  H01M8/04164 ,  H01M8/04171 ,  H01M8/04253 ,  H01M8/04303 ,  H01M8/241 ,  H01M8/2415 ,  H01M8/2484 ,  H01M2008/1095

    摘要： A fuel cell power plant (19, 19a) has a plurality of fuel cells (70, 70a, 70c) arranged in a stack (20, 20c), each fuel cell having porous, at least partially hydrophilic water transport plates (75, 81) with fuel (74) and oxidant (82) reactant gas channels, there being water channels (78, 85, 78a, 85a, 78c, 85c) exchanging water with the water transport plates. On shut down, water is retained in the water channels and water transport plates by means of either a micro vacuum pump (46), one or two valves (89, 90, 118, 120), a check valve (95, 99), capillary force in the water channels to prevent water from entering the reactant channels which, if frozen, could block flow of reactant gas upon startup.

    摘要翻译： 燃料电池发电厂（19,19a）具有以堆叠（20,20c）排列的多个燃料电池（70,70a，70c），每个燃料电池具有多孔的，至少部分亲水的水输送板（75,81 ）与燃料（74）和氧化剂（82）反应物气体通道，存在与水输送板交换水的水通道（78,85,78a，85a，78c，85c）。 关闭时，通过微型真空泵（46），一个或两个阀（89,90,118,120），止回阀（95,99），水被保持在水通道和水输送板中， 水通道中的毛细管力，以防止水进入反应物通道，如果冷冻，则可能阻止反应气体在启动时流动。

    Evaporative Cooling of Fuel Cells Employing Antifreeze Solution
    9.
    发明申请
    Evaporative Cooling of Fuel Cells Employing Antifreeze Solution 审中-公开
    使用防冻液的燃料电池的蒸发冷却

    公开(公告)号：US20090053568A1

    公开(公告)日：2009-02-26

    申请号：US12086468

    申请日：2005-12-01

    申请人： Jeremy P. Meyers ,  Ryan J. Balliet

    发明人： Jeremy P. Meyers ,  Ryan J. Balliet

    IPC分类号： H01M8/04

    CPC分类号： B60C1/0016 ,  C08C19/06 ,  C08K3/04 ,  C08K3/36 ,  C08K5/548 ,  C08L7/00 ,  C08L15/00 ,  Y02T10/862 ,  C08L2666/08

    摘要： A fuel cell power plant (19) has a stack of fuel cells (20) cooled by a mixture of water with a non-volatile, miscible fluid that sufficiently depresses the freezing point, such as polyethylene glycol (PEG). The water and fluid are mixed in a reservoir (21), a small pump (22, 60) flows the mixture through coolant channels (28) in or adjacent water transport plates (29); heat of the catalytic reaction warms the water transport plates causing water to evaporate therefrom thereby cooling the stack. The PEG is non-volatile at stack operating temperature and does not evaporate; concentrated PEG is returned (33) to the reservoir (21). Water in the process air flow channels (41), including evaporated process water, is recovered in a condensation-rate-controlled (53, 54)) condenser (46) in communication (48) with the reservoir (21) for remixture with the concentrated PEG solution. Hydrophobic gas diffusion layers (72) shield the proton exchange membrane (70) from the PEG.

    摘要翻译： 燃料电池发电厂（19）具有由水与具有充分压低凝固点的不挥发性，可混溶的流体（例如聚乙二醇（PEG））的混合物冷却的燃料电池堆（20）。 水和流体在储存器（21）中混合，小的泵（22,60）将混合物流经在水输送板（29）中或其附近的冷却剂通道（28）; 催化反应的热量加热水输送板，导致水从其中蒸发，从而冷却堆。 PEG在堆叠工作温度下不挥发，不蒸发; 浓缩的PEG被返回（33）到储存器（21）。 处理过程中的空气流通道（41），包括蒸发的工艺水，在与储存器（21）连通的冷凝器（53,54）冷凝器（46）中回收，用于与 浓缩PEG溶液。 疏水性气体扩散层（72）屏蔽质子交换膜（70）与PEG。

    Non-circulating coolant PEM fuel cell power plant assembly with low thermal mass
    10.
    发明授权
    Non-circulating coolant PEM fuel cell power plant assembly with low thermal mass 有权
    非循环冷却剂PEM燃料电池发电厂组件具有低热质量

    公开(公告)号：US07638217B2

    公开(公告)日：2009-12-29

    申请号：US11604411

    申请日：2006-11-28

    申请人： Robert Darling ,  Jeremy P. Meyers ,  Ryan J. Balliet

    发明人： Robert Darling ,  Jeremy P. Meyers ,  Ryan J. Balliet

    IPC分类号： H01M8/04 ,  H01M8/10

    CPC分类号： H01M8/04029 ,  H01M8/0258 ,  H01M8/0267 ,  H01M8/04197 ,  H01M8/04253 ,  H01M8/04303 ,  H01M8/241 ,  H01M2008/1095

    摘要： A PEM fuel cell power plant includes fuel cells, each of which has a cathode reactant flow field plate which is substantially impermeable to fluids, a water coolant source, and a fluid permeable anode reactant flow field plate adjacent to said water coolant source. The anode reactant flow field plates pass water from the coolant sources into the cells where the water is evaporated to cool the cells. The cathode flow field plates prevent reactant crossover between adjacent cells. By providing a single water permeable plate for each cell in the power plant the amount of water present in the power plant at shut down is limited to a degree which does not require adjunct water purging components to remove water from the plates when the power plant is shut down during freezing ambient conditions. Thus the amount of residual ice in the power plant that forms in the plates during shut down in such freezing conditions will be limited. The power plant can thus be restarted and brought up to full operating power levels quickly due to the reduced amount of ice that must be melted during startup. The power plant is thus well suited for use in powering vehicles.

    摘要翻译： PEM燃料电池发电厂包括燃料电池，每个燃料电池具有阴极反应物流场板，其基本上不渗透流体，水冷却剂源和与所述水冷却剂源相邻的流体可渗透阳极反应物流场板。 阳极反应物流场板将水从冷却剂源流入细胞，在那里水被蒸发以冷却细胞。 阴极流场板防止相邻电池之间的反应物交叉。 通过为发电厂中的每个电池提供单一的水可渗透板，关闭时发电厂中存在的水量限制在不需要辅助清水部件以在发电厂为 在冷冻环境条件期间关闭。 因此，在这种冷冻条件下在关闭期间在板中形成的发电厂中的剩余冰量将受到限制。 因此，由于在启动期间必须熔化的冰量减少，因此发电厂可以重新启动并迅速达到完全的工作功率水平。 因此，发电厂非常适合用于为车辆供电。