公开(公告)号：US20090161835A1

公开(公告)日：2009-06-25

申请号：US12395176

申请日：2009-02-27

申请人： WALLACE SMITH ,  James H. James ,  David Ramsden

发明人： WALLACE SMITH ,  James H. James ,  David Ramsden

IPC分类号： H04M1/24 ,  H04M9/08

CPC分类号： H04B3/23

摘要： A system that incorporates teachings of the present disclosure may include, for example, an echo measurement device having a controller to transmit a test signal in a communication path which is looped back at an end point identified as having an echo problem. The test signal can be transmitted at a remote location from the end point. The test signal can be represented by a limited burst signal of one or more frequencies operating outside a range of an operating frequency of an echo canceller deactivation signal transmitted in the communication path. Additional embodiments are disclosed.

摘要翻译： 包括本公开的教导的系统可以包括例如具有控制器的回波测量装置，该控制器在通信路径中发送测试信号，所述通信路径在被识别为具有回波问题的终点处被环回。 测试信号可以在距终点的远程位置传输。 测试信号可以由在通信路径中发送的回波消除器去激活信号的操作频率范围之外的一个或多个频率的有限突发信号来表示。 公开了另外的实施例。

公开(公告)号：US20110211675A1

公开(公告)日：2011-09-01

申请号：US13120153

申请日：2009-07-28

申请人： David Ramsden

发明人： David Ramsden

IPC分类号： G01D18/00 ,  G01T1/36

CPC分类号： G01T1/40

摘要： A calibration source (20) for a gamma-ray spectrometer (40) is provided. The calibration source comprises a radioactive material (30) comprising a radioactive isotope having a decay transition associated with emission of a radiation particle and a gamma-ray having a known energy, e.g. Na-22, and a solid-state detector (26A, 26B), e.g. a PIN photodiode, arranged to receive radiation particles emitted from the radioactive material. A gating circuit (32) is coupled to the solid-state detector and is operable to generate a gating signal in response to detection of a radiation particle in the solid-state detector. The gating signal may thus be used as an indicator that an energy deposit in a nearby gamma-ray spectrometer is associated with a decay transition in the radioactive isotope. Since these energy deposits are of a known energy, they can be used as reference points to calibrate the spectrometer response. Thus with calibration sources according to embodiments of the invention, spectral stabilization (i.e. accounting for a changing spectrometer response, as well as base calibration) may be performed in real time and in parallel with obtaining a spectrum of observed signal events (i.e. the spectrum of interest). Furthermore, this is achieved with little contamination of the spectrum events of interest.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于γ射线光谱仪（40）的校准源（20）。 校准源包括放射性物质（30），该放射性物质（30）包含具有与放射性粒子的发射有关的衰变过渡的放射性同位素和具有已知能量的γ射线。 Na-22和固态检测器（26A，26B），例如。 PIN光电二极管，布置成接收从放射性物质发射的辐射粒子。 选通电路（32）耦合到固态检测器，并且可操作以响应于固态检测器中的辐射粒子的检测而产生门控信号。 因此门控信号可以用作附近伽马射线光谱仪中的能量沉积与放射性同位素中的衰变转变相关联的指标。 由于这些能量沉积物是已知的能量，它们可以用作参考点来校准光谱仪响应。 因此，根据本发明的实施例的校准源，可以实时地并行地执行光谱稳定（即考虑变化的光谱仪响应以及基准校准）并且与获得观测信号事件的频谱（即， 利益）。 此外，这是通过很少感兴趣的频谱事件的污染来实现的。

公开(公告)号：US07683336B2

公开(公告)日：2010-03-23

申请号：US12300287

申请日：2007-03-16

申请人： David Ramsden ,  Christopher David Henry Burt

发明人： David Ramsden ,  Christopher David Henry Burt

IPC分类号： G01T1/20

CPC分类号： G01T1/203 ,  G01T1/2002 ,  G01T1/362

摘要： A gamma-ray detector (42, 52, 72, 92) comprising a large-area plastic scintillation body (44, 64, 74, 94) and a photon detector (38, 58, 68, 78) optically coupled to the scintillation body to receive and detect photons (P1, P2, P3) generated by gamma-ray interactions. Selected portions of the scintillation body surface are provided with a reflective layer (46, 60, 80) in planar contact with the scintillation body. Other regions are not provided with a reflective layer. Thus specular reflection is promoted in at the surfaces provided with the reflective layer, while total internal reflection may occur in the regions which are not provided with a reflective layer, hi a scintillation body generally in the form of a plank, the photon detector is coupled to one end, and the regions provided with the reflective layer are the edges of the plank. The scintillation body may be shaped so that it reduced in cross section in a direction away from the photon detector. The spectrometer may include photon detectors coupled to both ends of the scintillation body.

摘要翻译： 包括大面积塑料闪烁体（44,64,74,94）和光学耦合到闪烁体的光子检测器（38,58,68,78）的伽马射线检测器（42,52,72,92） 以接收和检测由γ射线相互作用产生的光子（P1，P2，P3）。 闪烁体表面的选定部分设置有与闪烁体平面接触的反射层（46,60,80）。 其他区域没有设置反射层。 因此，在设置有反射层的表面上促进了镜面反射，而在没有设置反射层的区域中可能发生全内反射。在通常为板状的闪烁体中，光子检测器被耦合 并且设置有反射层的区域是板条的边缘。 闪烁体可以被成形为使得其在远离光子检测器的方向上减小横截面。 光谱仪可以包括耦合到闪烁体的两端的光子检测器。

公开(公告)号：US07547887B2

公开(公告)日：2009-06-16

申请号：US11597535

申请日：2005-05-13

申请人： David Ramsden ,  Matthew Dallimore

发明人： David Ramsden ,  Matthew Dallimore

IPC分类号： G01T1/203

CPC分类号： G01T1/362 ,  G01T1/203

摘要： A gamma ray detector (50) comprises a plastic scintillation body (52) arranged to receive incident gamma rays to be detected. Photons are generated in response to the gamma rays by excitation and de-excitation processes in the scintillation body. The photons are detected using at least one photodetector (56) which generates an output signal representative of the energy of the gamma rays. The scintillation body has a detection surface to receive the gamma rays and a thickness in a direction substantially orthogonal to the detection surface that is not greater than 5 cm. Deconvolution techniques can be used to improve the output signal; the thinness of the scintillation body allows sufficiently accurate results to be obtained that individual isotopes can be readily identified. The detector can be usefully employed in portal radiation monitors.

摘要翻译： 伽马射线检测器（50）包括布置成接收待检测的入射伽马射线的塑料闪烁体（52）。 光子通过闪烁体中的激发和去激发过程响应伽马射线而产生。 使用至少一个光电检测器（56）检测光子，该光电检测器产生代表伽马射线能量的输出信号。 闪烁体具有用于接收伽马射线的检测表面和与检测表面基本正交的方向上的厚度不大于5cm。 去卷积技术可以用来改善输出信号; 闪烁体的薄度允许获得足够准确的结果，可以容易地识别各个同位素。 检测器可以有用地用于门式辐射监测器。

公开(公告)号：US07202478B2

公开(公告)日：2007-04-10

申请号：US11219028

申请日：2005-09-02

申请人： David Ramsden ,  Ling-Jian Meng ,  Oleg Ivanov ,  Sergei Ignatov

发明人： David Ramsden ,  Ling-Jian Meng ,  Oleg Ivanov ,  Sergei Ignatov

IPC分类号： G01T1/20

CPC分类号： G01T1/20

摘要： A scintillation spectrometer provides improved resolution by ensuring that photons generated by scintillation events occurring in different locations within the scintillation material generate similar light profiles on the photo-detector, thereby making the output signal less sensitive to the initial interaction site and enabling more effective de-convolution of raw data. This is achieved in different ways, such as by: limiting the exit window of the scintillation crystal, introducing a spacer between the scintillation crystal and the detector window, or providing a crystal that is longer than necessary to stop gamma rays.

摘要翻译： 闪烁光谱仪通过确保在闪烁材料内的不同位置发生的闪烁事件产生的光子在光检测器上产生相似的光谱，从而使得输出信号对初始相互作用位点不太敏感， 原始数据卷积。 这以不同的方式实现，例如：限制闪烁晶体的出射窗口，在闪烁晶体和检测器窗口之间引入间隔物，或者提供比停止γ射线所需时间更长的晶体。

公开(公告)号：US20140151566A1

公开(公告)日：2014-06-05

申请号：US14114661

申请日：2012-05-02

申请人： David Ramsden ,  Calvin Giles

发明人： David Ramsden ,  Calvin Giles

IPC分类号： G01T3/00

CPC分类号： G01T3/001 ,  G01T3/06 ,  G01V5/0091

摘要： A neutron spectrometer is described. The spectrometer includes a first conversion screen (8) comprising a neutron absorbing material and a phosphor material, a first wavelength-shifting light-guide (14) arranged to receive photons from the phosphor material of the first conversion screen and generate wavelength-shifted photons therefrom and a first photodetector (22) optically coupled to the first wavelength-shifting light-guide and arranged to detect the wave-length-shifted photons. The spectrometer further includes a second conversion screen (12) comprising a neutron absorbing material and a phosphor material, a second wavelength-shifting light-guide (16) arranged to receive photons from the phosphor material of the second conversion screen and generate wavelength-shifted photons there-from, and a second photodetector (24) optically coupled to the second wavelength-shifting light-guide and arranged to detect the wave-length-shifted photons. A neutron moderator material is arranged between the first and second conversion screens to moderate neutrons.

摘要翻译： 描述了中子谱仪。 光谱仪包括包含中子吸收材料和磷光体材料的第一转换屏（8），第一波长移动光导（14），布置成从第一转换屏的荧光体材料接收光子并产生波长偏移的光子 以及第一光电检测器（22），其光耦合到第一波长移位光导并被布置成检测波长偏移的光子。 光谱仪还包括包括中子吸收材料和磷光体材料的第二转换屏幕（12），第二波长移动光导（16），布置成从第二转换屏幕的磷光体材料接收光子并产生波长偏移 以及第二光电检测器（24），光电耦合到第二波长移位光导并且被布置成检测波长偏移的光子。 中子调节剂材料布置在第一和第二转换屏之间以适中的中子。

公开(公告)号：US08730852B2

公开(公告)日：2014-05-20

申请号：US12636175

申请日：2009-12-11

申请人： James James ,  Allen Mollica ,  David Ramsden

发明人： James James ,  Allen Mollica ,  David Ramsden

IPC分类号： H04B3/20 ,  H04L12/66 ,  H04M9/08

CPC分类号： H04M7/1295 ,  H04L65/1026 ,  H04L65/80 ,  H04M7/006

摘要： Embodiments are directed to eliminating false audio using an egress gateway in a communications network. At least one false audio packet is received by an egress gateway. The false audio packet includes false audio. A DTMF packet is received by the egress gateway. The DTMF packet is received subsequent to the at least one false audio packet. The false audio in the false audio packet is replaced with a substitute signal by the egress gateway.

公开(公告)号：US08452002B2

公开(公告)日：2013-05-28

申请号：US12562366

申请日：2009-09-18

申请人： David Ramsden

发明人： David Ramsden

IPC分类号： H04M9/08

CPC分类号： H04M9/082

摘要： Example methods, apparatus and articles of manufacture to cancel echo for communication paths having long bulk delays are disclosed. A disclosed example method includes determining a first location of a first largest magnitude of a first plurality of coefficients of an echo canceller, the first plurality of coefficients separated by two or more sample intervals, and cancelling an echo contained in a received signal using a second plurality of coefficients of the echo canceller and a first offset selected based on the first location, the second plurality of coefficients separated by one sample interval.

摘要翻译： 公开了用于消除具有长批量延迟的通信路径的回波的示例性方法，装置和制品。 所公开的示例性方法包括确定回波消除器的第一多个系数的第一最大幅度的第一位置，由两个或多个采样间隔分隔的第一多个系数，以及使用第二个 回波消除器的多个系数和基于第一位置选择的第一偏移，第二多个系数被一个采样间隔隔开。

公开(公告)号：US08319188B2

公开(公告)日：2012-11-27

申请号：US12375918

申请日：2007-07-19

申请人： David Ramsden ,  Christopher David Henry Burt

发明人： David Ramsden ,  Christopher David Henry Burt

IPC分类号： G01T1/20 ,  H01L27/146

CPC分类号： G01T1/1644 ,  G01T1/2907 ,  G01T7/00

摘要： A portable gamma-ray detector for indicating the intensity of a source of gamma-rays, the nature of the source, and the direction to the source relative to an axis of the detector. The detector comprises a plurality of scintillation bodies arranged around the pointing axis, for example four scintillation bodies in a two-by-two array and separated from each other by aluminum foil. Thus gamma-rays from different directions are shielded from different ones of the scintillation bodies by the other scintillation bodies. The scintillation bodies are coupled to respective photo-detectors and a processing circuit is configured to receive output signals from the photo-detectors and to provide an indication of the direction to a source relative to the pointing axis of the detector based on the relative output signals from the different photo-detectors. The processing circuit is further operable to determine the intensity of the source from the magnitudes of the output signals, and the nature of the source from a spectral analysis of the output signals.

摘要翻译： 用于指示伽马射线源的强度，源的性质以及相对于检测器的轴的到源的方向的便携式γ射线检测器。 检测器包括围绕指向轴布置的多个闪烁体，例如两个二列阵列中的四个闪烁体，并且由铝箔彼此分离。 因此，来自不同方向的伽马射线被其它闪烁体从不同的闪烁体屏蔽。 闪烁体耦合到相应的光电检测器，并且处理电路被配置为从光电检测器接收输出信号，并且基于相对输出信号提供相对于检测器的指向轴的方向的指示 从不同的光电探测器。 处理电路还可操作以根据输出信号的幅度和来自输出信号的频谱分析的源的性质来确定源的强度。

公开(公告)号：US08125918B2

公开(公告)日：2012-02-28

申请号：US12332067

申请日：2008-12-10

申请人： David Ramsden ,  Bing Chen

发明人： David Ramsden ,  Bing Chen

IPC分类号： H04L12/26

CPC分类号： H04L43/50

摘要： A method and system for providing a test signal to evaluate the performance of an adaptive jitter buffer are disclosed. For example, the method transmits a test signal into a communication network, and applies a jitter impairment along a path traversed by the test signal in the network preceding a device supporting a Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) service, wherein the device having an adaptive jitter buffer. The method then analyzes the test signal that is received from the device to determine a performance of the adaptive jitter buffer.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于提供测试信号以评估自适应抖动缓冲器的性能的方法和系统。 例如，该方法将测试信号发送到通信网络中，并且在支持网际协议（VoIP）服务的设备之前的网络中沿着由测试信号穿过的路径施加抖动损害，其中该设备具有适应性 抖动缓冲区。 该方法然后分析从设备接收的测试信号以确定自适应抖动缓冲器的性能。