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公开(公告)号：US4949795A
公开(公告)日：1990-08-21
申请号：US218946
申请日：1988-07-11
IPC分类号： E21B7/00 , E21B10/44 , E21B10/56 , E21B10/60 , E21B17/22 , E21B44/00 , E21B47/00 , E21B47/09
CPC分类号： E21B7/002 , E21B10/44 , E21B10/56 , E21B10/60 , E21B17/22 , E21B44/00 , E21B47/0006 , E21B47/09 , E21B7/005
摘要： A method of rapid earth excavation without damaging buried pipe, cable or other underground objects utilizes drills and augers having soft cutting edges and/or control of the torque and weight of the boring apparatus. In one embodiment, the bit of a drill, or bottom end of an earth auger is equipped with inserts formed of soft polymeric material. Another embodiment of an earth auger apparatus has soft polymeric material on the leading cutting surface of the flight, or the auger flight may be formed of soft polymeric material. The flexibility and low abrasion of the polymeric material prevents damage to the object contacted. Another embodiment has a dual concentric auger with a small earth-auger rotatably mounted inside the shaft of a larger auger and driven independently such that each is capable of providing and maintaining a torque adequate to create a given hole diameter but sufficiently below that which would damage the object expected to be encountered. Another embodiment has an indicator mounted forward of and below the leading cutting surface of the auger to warn the operator of a buried utility or to automatically stop the auger before the cutting surface contacts the buried utility.
摘要翻译： 一种快速土方开挖方法，而不损害埋地管，电缆或其他地下物体，采用具有软切削刃和/或控制钻孔设备的扭矩和重量的钻头和螺旋钻。 在一个实施例中，钻头的钻头或地球螺旋钻的底端装备有由柔性聚合材料形成的插入件。 地球螺旋钻装置的另一个实施例在飞行器的前切割表面上具有柔性聚合物材料，或者螺旋钻飞行物可以由柔性聚合材料形成。 聚合材料的柔韧性和低磨损防止对接触物体的损害。 另一个实施例具有双同心螺旋钻，其具有可旋转地安装在较大螺旋钻的轴内的小型螺旋钻，并且独立地驱动，使得每个能够提供和保持足以产生给定孔直径但足以低于将损坏的孔的扭矩 预期遇到的对象。 另一个实施例具有安装在螺旋钻的前切割表面前方和下方的指示器，以向操作者发出埋地效用物，或者在切割表面接触埋地实用工具之前自动停止螺旋钻。
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公开(公告)号：US09040854B2
公开(公告)日：2015-05-26
申请号：US13614936
申请日：2012-09-13
申请人： Arun K. Gupta , William C. McDonald
发明人： Arun K. Gupta , William C. McDonald
CPC分类号： H02N2/12 , B81B3/0008 , B81B3/001 , B81B3/0013 , B81B7/02 , B81B2201/016 , B81B2201/0221 , B81B2203/0109 , B81B2203/0181 , B81B2203/053 , B81B2203/058 , B81B2203/06
摘要： A MEMS electrostatic actuator includes a bottom plate affixed to a substrate and a top plate suspended above the bottom plate. The top plate has a parallel plate center section and two rotating members electrically connected to the center section. Each rotating member is attached centrally of the rotating member for rotation about an axis of rotation to a set of anchor posts. The attachment includes at least one pair of torsional springs attached along each axis, each spring comprising a rectangular metal square that twists as the rotational members rotate. Electrostatic pull-down electrodes are underneath each rotational member.
摘要翻译： MEMS静电致动器包括固定到基板的底板和悬挂在底板上方的顶板。 顶板具有平行板中心部分和两个电连接到中心部分的旋转部件。 每个旋转构件安装在旋转构件的中心，用于围绕旋转轴线旋转到一组锚柱。 附件包括沿着每个轴线附接的至少一对扭转弹簧，每个弹簧包括矩形金属正方形，随着旋转构件的旋转，该正方形扭曲。 静电下拉电极位于每个旋转构件的下方。
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公开(公告)号：US08541850B2
公开(公告)日：2013-09-24
申请号：US12333878
申请日：2008-12-12
IPC分类号： H01L29/84
CPC分类号： H03H3/0073 , H03H9/2426 , H03H2009/02322
摘要： In accordance with one embodiment of the present disclosure, a semiconductor substrate includes complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) circuitry disposed outwardly from the semiconductor substrate. An electrode is disposed outwardly from the CMOS circuitry. The electrode is electrically coupled to the CMOS circuitry. A resonator is disposed outwardly from the electrode. The resonator is operable to oscillate at a resonance frequency in response to an electrostatic field propagated, at least in part, by the electrode.
摘要翻译： 根据本公开的一个实施例，半导体衬底包括从半导体衬底向外设置的互补金属氧化物半导体（CMOS）电路。 电极从CMOS电路向外设置。 电极电耦合到CMOS电路。 谐振器从电极向外设置。 谐振器可操作以响应于至少部分地由电极传播的静电场以谐振频率振荡。
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公开(公告)号：US4006375A
公开(公告)日：1977-02-01
申请号：US573922
申请日：1975-05-02
CPC分类号： H02K37/08
摘要： A rotary stepping motor having high torque and low rotor inertia wherein the rotor is of a disk type configuration having a plurality of uniformly spaced rotor poles and the stator has a plurality of stator pole pairs which are formed in separate groups, the spacing between the stator poles in each group being equal to the rotor pole spacings and the spacings between the stator pole groups being not equal to the rotor pole spacings. The stator may be formed of laminated stator elements to provide a magnetic path with the laminations oriented so as to prevent delamination thereof due to the magnetic forces present during operation. The laminated stator elements are appropriately affixed to the motor housing so that the pole pieces thereof are maintained at preselected positions relative to a reference planar surface of the housing. The rotor poles may be tapered to further reduce the rotor inertia and increase motor speed operation.
摘要翻译： 一种具有高扭矩和低转子惯性的旋转步进电机，其中转子是具有多个均匀间隔的转子极的盘形结构，并且定子具有分成组形成的多个定子极对，定子之间的间隔 每组中的极点等于转子极间距，并且定子极组之间的间距不等于转子极间距。 定子可以由层叠的定子元件形成，以提供磁路，其中层叠体被定向以防止由于操作期间存在的磁力而导致的分层。 层叠的定子元件适当地固定到电动机壳体，使得其极片相对于壳体的参考平面保持在预选位置。 转子极可以是锥形的，以进一步减小转子惯性并增加电机速度运行。
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公开(公告)号：US20140076697A1
公开(公告)日：2014-03-20
申请号：US13614936
申请日：2012-09-13
申请人： Arun K. Gupta , William C. McDonald
发明人： Arun K. Gupta , William C. McDonald
IPC分类号： B81B3/00
CPC分类号： H02N2/12 , B81B3/0008 , B81B3/001 , B81B3/0013 , B81B7/02 , B81B2201/016 , B81B2201/0221 , B81B2203/0109 , B81B2203/0181 , B81B2203/053 , B81B2203/058 , B81B2203/06
摘要： A MEMS electrostatic actuator includes a bottom plate affixed to a substrate and a top plate suspended above the bottom plate. The top plate has a parallel plate center section and two rotating members electrically connected to the center section. Each rotating member is attached centrally of the rotating member for rotation about an axis of rotation to a set of anchor posts. The attachment includes at least one pair of torsional springs attached along each axis, each spring comprising a rectangular metal square that twists as the rotational members rotate. Electrostatic pull-down electrodes are underneath each rotational member.
摘要翻译： MEMS静电致动器包括固定到基板的底板和悬挂在底板上方的顶板。 顶板具有平行板中心部分和两个电连接到中心部分的旋转部件。 每个旋转构件安装在旋转构件的中心，用于围绕旋转轴线旋转到一组锚柱。 附件包括沿着每个轴线附接的至少一对扭转弹簧，每个弹簧包括矩形金属正方形，随着旋转构件的旋转，该正方形扭曲。 静电下拉电极位于每个旋转构件的下方。
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公开(公告)号：US20100148880A1
公开(公告)日：2010-06-17
申请号：US12333878
申请日：2008-12-12
IPC分类号： H03L7/00
CPC分类号： H03H3/0073 , H03H9/2426 , H03H2009/02322
摘要： In accordance with one embodiment of the present disclosure, a semiconductor substrate includes complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) circuitry disposed outwardly from the semiconductor substrate. An electrode is disposed outwardly from the CMOS circuitry. The electrode is electrically coupled to the CMOS circuitry. A resonator is disposed outwardly from the electrode. The resonator is operable to oscillate at a resonance frequency in response to an electrostatic field propagated, at least in part, by the electrode.
摘要翻译： 根据本公开的一个实施例，半导体衬底包括从半导体衬底向外设置的互补金属氧化物半导体（CMOS）电路。 电极从CMOS电路向外设置。 电极电耦合到CMOS电路。 谐振器从电极向外设置。 谐振器可操作以响应于至少部分地由电极传播的静电场以谐振频率振荡。
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公开(公告)号：US06891657B2
公开(公告)日：2005-05-10
申请号：US10749469
申请日：2003-12-31
CPC分类号： G02B26/0841
摘要： Device and method for a damping function to reduce undesirable mechanical transient responses to control signals. In one aspect of the present invention, the damping function may be used to reduce overshoot and oscillation when a digital micromirror is driven from a landing plate to the flat or neutral position. In another aspect of the present invention, the damping function may be used to reduce transient resonance of a digital micromirror when the micromirror is driven to a landing plate.
摘要翻译： 阻尼功能的装置和方法，以减少对控制信号的不期望的机械瞬态响应。 在本发明的一个方面，当数字微镜从着陆板驱动到平坦或中立位置时，阻尼功能可用于减少过冲和振荡。 在本发明的另一方面，当微镜驱动到着陆板时，阻尼功能可用于减少数字微镜的瞬态共振。
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