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公开(公告)号：US5794725A
公开(公告)日：1998-08-18
申请号：US631448
申请日：1996-04-12
CPC分类号： E21B10/55 , E21B10/18 , E21B10/38 , E21B10/602 , E21B10/605 , E21B17/1092
摘要： This invention discloses a drilling structure having body a defining at least one primary channel and at least one secondary channel therein to initiate and maintain recirculation of an amount of drilling fluid back through the secondary channel to maintain positive, independent flow of drilling fluid through each primary channel of the drilling structure. The recirculation of drilling fluid is encouraged by providing a recirculation passageway in fluid communication with the primary channel defined by a portion of the body of the drilling structure that separates positively flowing drilling mud from drilling mud that is being recirculated. The recirculation action of the fluid in the recirculating loop may be fed and brought about by entrainment of the fluid with jetted fluid from an adjacent nozzle. The portion of the body may form a partition, such as a wall extending at least partially between the sides of the primary channel, a fin positioned within the primary channel that generally radially extends from the centerline of the drilling structure, or an internal channel or feeder that extracts fluid from the annulus at a point of low velocity and reintroduces it at a point of higher velocity proximate the bit face, usually near a nozzle. In addition, portions of the drilling structure are streamlined to further encourage positive, stable flow of fluid and formation cuttings generated from an associated cutting structure.
摘要翻译： 本发明公开了一种钻井结构，其具有主体a，其限定至少一个主通道及其中的至少一个次级通道，以启动并维持一定量的钻井液体再循环通过次级通道，以保持钻井液通过每个初级 钻孔结构通道。 鼓励钻井液的再循环，通过提供一个再循环通道，该再循环通道与由钻井结构体的一部分限定的主通道流体连通，所述主体通道将积极流动的钻井泥浆与正在再循环的钻井泥浆分离。 流体在循环回路中的再循环作用可以通过夹带来自相邻喷嘴的喷射流体的流体来进给和引起。 主体的部分可以形成隔板，例如至少部分地在主通道的侧面之间延伸的壁，位于主通道内的翅片，其大体上从钻孔结构的中心线径向延伸，或内部通道或 进料器在低速点提取来自环空的流体，并将其重新引入到靠近钻头面的较高速度的点，通常在喷嘴附近。 此外，钻井结构的部分被流线化，以进一步促进从相关的切割结构产生的流体和地层切屑的积极，稳定的流动。
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公开(公告)号：US5836404A
公开(公告)日：1998-11-17
申请号：US927058
申请日：1997-09-10
CPC分类号： E21B10/55 , E21B10/18 , E21B10/38 , E21B10/602 , E21B10/605 , E21B17/1092
摘要： This invention discloses a drilling structure having a body defining at least one primary channel and at least one secondary channel therein to initiate and maintain recirculation of an amount of drilling fluid back through the secondary channel to maintain positive, independent flow of drilling fluid through each primary channel of the drilling structure. The recirculation of drilling fluid is encouraged by providing a recirculation passageway in fluid communication with the primary channel defined by a portion of the body of the drilling structure that separates positively flowing drilling mud from drilling mud that is being recirculated. The recirculation action of the fluid in the recirculating loop may be fed and brought about by entrainment of the fluid with jetted fluid from an adjacent nozzle. The portion of the body may form a partition, such as a wall extending at least partially between the sides of the primary channel, a fin positioned within the primary channel that generally radially extends from the centerline of the drilling structure, or an internal channel or feeder that extracts fluid from the annulus at a point of low velocity and reintroduces it at a point of higher velocity proximate the bit face, usually near a nozzle. In addition, portions of the drilling structure are streamlined to further encourage positive, stable flow of fluid and formation cuttings generated from an associated cutting structure.
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公开(公告)号：US6079507A
公开(公告)日：2000-06-27
申请号：US193699
申请日：1998-11-17
CPC分类号： E21B10/55 , E21B10/18 , E21B10/38 , E21B10/602 , E21B10/605 , E21B17/1092
摘要： This invention discloses a drilling structure having a body defining at least one primary channel and at least one secondary channel therein to initiate and maintain recirculation of an amount of drilling fluid back through the secondary channel to maintain positive, independent flow of drilling fluid through each primary channel of the drilling structure. The recirculation of drilling fluid is encouraged by providing a recirculation passageway in fluid communication with the primary channel defined by a portion of the body of the drilling structure that separates positively flowing drilling mud from drilling mud that is being recirculated. The recirculation action of the fluid in the recirculating loop may be fed and brought about by entrainment of the fluid with jetted fluid from an adjacent nozzle. The portion of the body may form a partition, such as a wall extending at least partially between the sides of the primary channel, a fin positioned within the primary channel that generally radially extends from the centerline of the drilling structure, or an internal channel or feeder that extracts fluid from the annulus at a point of low velocity and reintroduces it at a point of higher velocity proximate the bit face, usually near a nozzle. In addition, portions of the drilling structure are streamlined to further encourage positive, stable flow of fluid and formation cuttings generated from an associated cutting structure.
摘要翻译： 本发明公开了一种钻井结构，其具有主体，其限定至少一个主通道和至少一个次级通道，以启动并维持一定量的钻井液体通过次级通道的再循环，以保持钻井液的正向独立流动通过每个主要通道 钻孔结构通道。 鼓励钻井液的再循环，通过提供一个再循环通道，该再循环通道与由钻井结构体的一部分限定的主通道流体连通，所述主体通道将积极流动的钻井泥浆与正在再循环的钻井泥浆分离。 流体在循环回路中的再循环作用可以通过夹带来自相邻喷嘴的喷射流体的流体来进给和引起。 主体的部分可以形成隔板，例如至少部分地在主通道的侧面之间延伸的壁，位于主通道内的翅片，其大致从钻孔结构的中心线径向延伸，或内部通道或 进料器在低速点提取来自环空的流体，并将其重新引入到靠近钻头面的较高速度的点，通常在喷嘴附近。 此外，钻井结构的部分被流线化，以进一步促进从相关的切割结构产生的流体和地层切屑的积极，稳定的流动。
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4.发明授权Earth-boring drill bits with enhanced formation cuttings removal features and methods of drilling 失效钻孔钻头具有增强的地层切屑去除特征和钻孔方法公开(公告)号：US06230827B1
公开(公告)日：2001-05-15
申请号：US09489763
申请日：2000-01-24
IPC分类号： E21B1060
CPC分类号： E21B10/43 , E21B10/55 , E21B10/602
摘要： Rotary drag bits with enhanced formation cuttings removal achieved by apportioning drilling fluid flow in relationship to cuttings volume generated by various groups of cutters on the bit, each cutter group being located on a different blade of the bit. The flow apportionment may be effected by selective placement of nozzles on the bit face, employing different sized nozzles, by varying the orientation of similarly-sized nozzles, or by a combination of approaches. In addition, the transverse cross-sectional areas of the junk slots associated with each of the various blades are sized in similar proportion to the formation cuttings volume removed by each of the cutter groups. Finally, cuttings volumes from each blade of a particular type or category, such as primary, secondary, tertiary, are substantially mutually balanced with the volumes of the other blades of the same type or category.
摘要翻译： 通过与钻头上的各种切割器产生的切屑体积相关的分配钻井液流动获得具有增强的地层切削去除的旋转拖曳钻头，每个切割器组位于钻头的不同刀片上。 流量分配可以通过在钻头面上选择性地放置喷嘴，采用不同尺寸的喷嘴，通过改变类似尺寸的喷嘴的取向，或通过方法的组合来实现。 此外，与每个各个叶片相关联的垃圾槽的横截面面积的尺寸与由每个切割器组移除的地层切屑体积相似。 最后，从特定类型或类别的每个刀片（例如主要，次级，三级）的切割量与相同类型或类别的其他刀片的体积基本上相互平衡。
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5.发明授权Earth-boring drill bits with enhanced formation cuttings removal features and methods of drilling 失效钻孔钻头具有增强的地层切屑去除特征和钻孔方法
公开(公告)号：US6125947A
公开(公告)日：2000-10-03
申请号：US934031
申请日：1997-09-19
CPC分类号： E21B10/43 , E21B10/55 , E21B10/602
摘要： Rotary drag bits with enhanced formation cuttings removal achieved by apportioning drilling fluid flow in relationship to cuttings volume generated by various groups of cutters on the bit, each cutter group being located on a different blade of the bit. The flow apportionment may be effected by selective placement of nozzles on the bit face, employing different sized nozzles, by varying the orientation of similarly-sized nozzles, or by a combination of approaches. In addition, the transverse cross-sectional areas of the junk slots associated with each of the various blades are sized in similar proportion to the formation cuttings volume removed by each of the cutter groups. Finally, cuttings volumes from each blade of a particular type or category, such as primary, secondary, tertiary, are substantially mutually balanced with the volumes of the other blades of the same type or category.
摘要翻译： 通过与钻头上的各种切割器产生的切屑体积相关的分配钻井液流动获得具有增强的地层切削去除的旋转拖曳钻头，每个切割器组位于钻头的不同刀片上。 流量分配可以通过在钻头面上选择性地放置喷嘴，采用不同尺寸的喷嘴，通过改变类似尺寸的喷嘴的取向，或通过方法的组合来实现。 此外，与每个各个叶片相关联的垃圾槽的横截面面积的尺寸与由每个切割器组移除的地层切屑体积相似。 最后，从特定类型或类别的每个刀片（例如主要，次级，三级）的切割量与相同类型或类别的其他刀片的体积基本上相互平衡。
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6.发明授权公开(公告)号：US06250408B1
公开(公告)日：2001-06-26
申请号：US09490378
申请日：2000-01-24
IPC分类号： E21B1060
CPC分类号： E21B10/43 , E21B10/55 , E21B10/602
摘要： Rotary drag bits with enhanced formation cuttings removal achieved by apportioning drilling fluid flow in relationship to cuttings volume generated by various groups of cutters on the bit, each cutter group being located on a different blade of the bit. The flow apportionment may be effected by selective placement of nozzles on the bit face, employing different sized nozzles, by varying the orientation of similarly-sized nozzles, or by a combination of approaches. In addition, the transverse cross-sectional areas of the junk slots associated with each of the various blades are sized in similar proportion to the formation cuttings volume removed by each of the cutter groups. Finally, cuttings volumes from each blade of a particular type or category, such as primary, secondary, tertiary, are substantially mutually balanced with the volumes of the other blades of the same type or category.
摘要翻译： 通过与钻头上的各种切割器产生的切屑体积相关的分配钻井液流动获得具有增强的地层切削去除的旋转拖曳钻头，每个切割器组位于钻头的不同刀片上。 流量分配可以通过在钻头面上选择性地放置喷嘴，采用不同尺寸的喷嘴，通过改变类似尺寸的喷嘴的取向，或通过方法的组合来实现。 此外，与每个各个叶片相关联的垃圾槽的横截面面积的尺寸与由每个切割器组移除的地层切屑体积相似。 最后，从特定类型或类别的每个刀片（例如主要，次级，三级）的切割量与相同类型或类别的其他刀片的体积基本上相互平衡。
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公开(公告)号：US5279375A
公开(公告)日：1994-01-18
申请号：US846216
申请日：1992-03-04
IPC分类号： E21B10/56 , E21B10/567 , E21B9/08
CPC分类号： E21B10/567
摘要： A multidirectional drill bit cutter comprising a cylindrical stud having a layer of polycrystalline diamond formed thereabout. In one embodiment the stud is fortified with diamond grit and diamond rods to reduce stud wear and to reduce the depth of cut taken by the polycrystalline diamond cutting element formed about the stud. In another aspect of the invention, an earth-boring drilling system having a pair of flat profile bits utilizes multidirectional cutters in a manner which causes them to cut from a plurality of different directions.
摘要翻译： 一种多向钻头刀具，其包括在其周围形成有多晶金刚石层的圆柱形螺柱。 在一个实施例中，螺柱用金刚石砂粒和金刚石棒加固以减少螺柱磨损并且减小由螺柱形成的多晶金刚石切割元件所采取的切割深度。 在本发明的另一方面，具有一对扁平轮廓钻头的钻孔钻孔系统以使得它们从多个不同方向切割的方式利用多向切割器。
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8.发明授权Large compact cutter rotary drill bit utilizing directed hydraulics for each cutter 失效大型紧凑型切割机旋转钻头，用于每个切割机的定向液压
公开(公告)号：US4913244A
公开(公告)日：1990-04-03
申请号：US266323
申请日：1988-10-31
申请人： William R. Trujillo
发明人： William R. Trujillo
IPC分类号： E21B10/56 , E21B10/567 , E21B10/60
CPC分类号： E21B10/567 , E21B10/60 , E21B2010/566
摘要： An improved rotating drag bit for cutting plastic, sticky, water reactive and shale formations is devised by providing a plurality of large diamond cutters having a circular cutting face in excess of three quarter inch in diameter. Each large cutter is provided with at least one hydraulic nozzle which in turn provides a directed hydraulic flow at the corresponding cutter face. The directed hydraulic flow is positioned to apply a force to the chip which tends to peel the chip away from the cutter face. In addition, the hydraulic flow is positioned with respect to the chip so as to apply on off-center torque to the chip which is used to peel the chip away from the cutter face and toward the gage of the bit. In particular, the nozzle defines a jet which is characterized by a direction and velocity of hydraulic fluid determined by the jet characteristics. The core is generally symmetric about its longitudinal axis and has a length along the longitudinal axis and width perpendicular thereto. The point of the jet most distant from the nozzle defines an impact point of the jet against the chip and cutter face. The longitudinal axis of the jet is chosen so that at least a portion of the jet lies between the cutter face and the chip as it is being peeled from the cutter. Hydraulic removal of the chips is further facilitated by a plurality of junk slots having a contoured compound surface. The junk slot is characterized by having at least two distinct cross-sectional profiles, namely an asymmetric profile at its lower portion nearest the bit face and a symmetric profile along its upper portion. The asymmetric and symmetric profiles are connected by a surface providing a smooth hydrodynamic transition.
摘要翻译： 通过提供多个具有超过三分之三英寸直径的圆形切割面的大型金刚石切割器，设计了用于切割塑料，粘性，水反应性和页岩结构的改进的旋转阻力钻头。 每个大型切割器设置有至少一个液压喷嘴，其又在相应的切割面上提供定向的液压流。 定向的液压流被定位成向芯片施加力，其倾向于将切屑从切割面剥离。 此外，液压流动相对于芯片定位，以便将偏心扭矩施加到用于将切屑从切割面剥离并朝向钻头的切屑的芯片上。 特别地，喷嘴限定了由喷射特性确定的液压流体的方向和速度的特征。 芯通常对称关于其纵向轴线，并且具有沿着纵向轴线的长度和垂直于其的宽度。 喷嘴最远离喷嘴的点限定射流对芯片和刀面的冲击点。 选择射流的纵向轴线，使得喷射器的至少一部分在从切割器剥离时位于刀面和切屑之间。 通过具有轮廓化合物表面的多个垃圾槽进一步促进了芯片的液压去除。 垃圾槽的特征在于具有至少两个不同的横截面轮廓，即在其最靠近钻头面的下部处的不对称轮廓以及沿其上部的对称轮廓。 不对称和对称轮廓通过提供平滑流体动力学转变的表面连接。
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9.发明授权Large compact cutter rotary drill bit utilizing directed hydraulics for each cutter 失效大型紧凑型切割机旋转钻头，用于每个切割机的定向液压
公开(公告)号：US4883136A
公开(公告)日：1989-11-28
申请号：US144958
申请日：1988-01-19
申请人： William R. Trujillo
发明人： William R. Trujillo
IPC分类号： E21B10/56 , E21B10/567 , E21B10/60
CPC分类号： E21B10/567 , E21B10/60 , E21B2010/566
摘要： An improved rotating drag bit for cutting plastic, sticky, water reactive and shale formations is devised by providing a plurality of large diamond cutters having a circular cutting face in excess of one inch in diameter. Each large cutter is provided with at least one hydraulic nozzle which in turn provides a directed hydraulic flow at the corresponding cutter face. The directed hydraulic flow is positioned to apply a force to the chip which tends to peel the chip away from the cutter face. In addition, the hydraulic flow is positioned with respect to the chip so as to apply an off-center torque to the chip which is used to peel the chip away from the cutter face and toward the gage of the bit. In particular, the nozzle defines a jet which is characterized by a direction and velocity of hydraulic fluid determined by the jet characteristics. The core is generally symmetric about its longitudinal axis and has a length along the longitudinal axis and width perpendicular thereto. The point of the jet most distant from the nozzle defines an impact point of the jet against the chip and cutter face. The longitudinal axis of the jet is chosen so that at least a portion of the jet axis lies between the cutter face and the chip as it is being peeled from the cutter. Hydraulic removal of the chips is further facilitated by a plurality of junk slots having a contoured compound surface. The junk slot is characterized by having at least two distinct cross-sectional profiles, namely an asymmetric profile at its lower portion nearest the bit face and a symmetric profile along its upper portion. The asymmetric and symmetric profiles are connected by a surface providing a smooth hydrodynamic transition.
摘要翻译： 通过提供多个具有超过一英寸直径的圆形切割面的大型金刚石切割器来设计用于切割塑料，粘性，水反应性和页岩结构的改进的旋转阻力钻头。 每个大型切割器设置有至少一个液压喷嘴，其又在相应的切割面上提供定向的液压流。 定向的液压流被定位成向芯片施加力，其倾向于将切屑从切割面剥离。 此外，液压流动相对于芯片定位，以便将偏心扭矩施加到用于将切屑从切割面剥离并朝向钻头的切屑的芯片上。 特别地，喷嘴限定了由喷射特性确定的液压流体的方向和速度的特征。 芯通常对称关于其纵向轴线，并且具有沿着纵向轴线的长度和垂直于其的宽度。 喷嘴最远离喷嘴的点限定射流对芯片和刀面的冲击点。 选择射流的纵向轴线，使得喷射轴线的至少一部分在切割器面与芯片被从切割器上剥离时位于切割面和芯片之间。 通过具有轮廓化合物表面的多个垃圾槽进一步促进了芯片的液压去除。 垃圾槽的特征在于具有至少两个不同的横截面轮廓，即在其最靠近钻头面的下部处的不对称轮廓以及沿其上部的对称轮廓。 不对称和对称轮廓通过提供平滑流体动力学转变的表面连接。
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