公开(公告)号：US4065372A

公开(公告)日：1977-12-27

申请号：US736253

申请日：1976-10-27

申请人： Wolf-Dieter Hacker ,  Karl-Hermann Friese ,  Leo Steinke ,  Helmut Weyl

发明人： Wolf-Dieter Hacker ,  Karl-Hermann Friese ,  Leo Steinke ,  Helmut Weyl

IPC分类号： G01N27/409 ,  F02B77/08 ,  G01N27/28 ,  G01N27/403 ,  G01N27/407 ,  G01N27/46

CPC分类号： G01N27/4077

摘要： To provide protection to the sensitive solid ion conductive electrolyte, a metal sleeve is placed to surround the electrolyte, with clearance, and formed with openings having an increasing cross-sectional area starting from the housing or socket towards the bottom of the solid electrolyte tube to provide an approximately even temperature gradient upon exposure of the element to exhaust gases, the sleeve being additionally so formed that deflection surfaces or vanes are formed internally thereof, for example by punching the openings through the sleeve as elongated slots leaving deflecting vanes, to deflect gases passing through the openings from direct impingement on the solid electrolyte tube to protect the solid electrolyte tube against impact and contamination.

摘要翻译： 为了提供对敏感的固体离子导电电解质的保护，金属套管被放置成围绕电解质间隙，并且形成有从壳体或插座朝向固体电解质管的底部开始的具有增加的横截面积的开口， 在将元件暴露于废气时提供大致均匀的温度梯度，套筒另外形成为使得偏转表面或叶片在其内部形成，例如通过穿过套筒的开口穿过离开偏转叶片的细长槽，以偏转气体 通过开口直接冲击在固体电解质管上，以保护固体电解质管免受冲击和污染。

公开(公告)号：US4347113A

公开(公告)日：1982-08-31

申请号：US133811

申请日：1980-03-25

申请人： Hermann Fischer ,  Karl-Hermann Friese ,  Hans-Ulrich Gruber ,  Wolfgang Heinemann ,  Gunter Knoll ,  Ernst Linder ,  Helmut Maurer ,  Rainer Noack ,  Leo Steinke ,  Lothar Weber ,  Helmut Weyl

发明人： Hermann Fischer ,  Karl-Hermann Friese ,  Hans-Ulrich Gruber ,  Wolfgang Heinemann ,  Gunter Knoll ,  Ernst Linder ,  Helmut Maurer ,  Rainer Noack ,  Leo Steinke ,  Lothar Weber ,  Helmut Weyl

IPC分类号： G01N27/409 ,  G01N27/407 ,  G01N27/413 ,  H01M4/88 ,  H01M8/12 ,  G01N27/58

CPC分类号： G01N27/4075 ,  G01N27/4078 ,  H01M4/881 ,  H01M4/8885 ,  H01M4/9066 ,  H01M8/1213 ,  H01M4/905 ,  Y02P70/56

摘要： To improve operation and output voltage, particularly at 400.degree. C. and less, an oxygen sensor, especially adapted to determine oxygen content of automotive exhaust gases, is constructed by utilizing two electrodes applied on a body of stabilized zirconium dioxide, for example a closed tube, by making an electrode exposed to the exhaust gases in form of a mixture of finely dispersed ceramic material and a platinum-rhodium alloy, the ceramic material being present at about 40% (by volume) and 60% (by volume) platinum-rhodium alloy of 50-94% platinum and 50-6% rhodium (by weight). The second electrode, exposed to a reference gas comprises an alloy of palladium and another noble metal in a ratio of about 19-90% (by weight) Pd and 81-10% (by weight) noble metal. This electrode may also contain up to 40% (by volume) finely dispersed ceramic material. The electrode exposed to the exhaust gases is covered with a porous coating. The electrodes can be applied as aqueous or organic solutions of soluble noble metal compounds or suspensions, colloidal suspensions, with organic solvents, and the like, and subsequent sintering.

摘要翻译： 为了提高操作和输出电压，特别是在400℃以下，特别适用于测定汽车废气氧含量的氧气传感器是通过利用施加在稳定二氧化锆体上的两个电极构成的，例如封闭的 通过使电极以细分散的陶瓷材料和铂 - 铑合金的混合物的形式暴露于废气，陶瓷材料以约40％（体积）和60％（体积）的铂 - 铑合金为50-94％铂和50-6％铑（重量）。 暴露于参考气体的第二电极包括钯和另一贵金属的合金，其比例为约19-90％（重量）的Pd和81-10％（重量）的贵金属。 该电极还可以含有高达40％（体积）的细分散的陶瓷材料。 暴露于废气的电极被多孔涂层覆盖。 电极可以作为可溶性贵金属化合物或悬浮液，胶体悬浮液，有机溶剂等的水溶液或有机溶液，以及随后的烧结。

公开(公告)号：US4963112A

公开(公告)日：1990-10-16

申请号：US340003

申请日：1989-04-06

申请人： Walter Benedikt ,  Karl-Hermann Friese ,  Werner Herden ,  Dietrich Schuldt ,  Leo Steinke

发明人： Walter Benedikt ,  Karl-Hermann Friese ,  Werner Herden ,  Dietrich Schuldt ,  Leo Steinke

IPC分类号： H01T13/39 ,  H01T21/02

CPC分类号： H01T13/39 ,  H01T21/02

摘要： A method of producing a spark plug for internal combustion engines comprising arranging a metal piece formed of a noble material on an end face of at least one metal electrode of the spark plug and directing laser beams onto an outer surface of the metal piece facing the spark gap to form an alloy zone between the one metal electrode and a wear-resistant layer facing the spark gap, the alloy zone consisting of materials of the metal electrode and the metal piece with the proportion of the material of the metal electrode continuously decreasing from an area abutting the metal electrode and consisting only of the metal electrode material, to an area abutting the wear-resistant layer which consists only of the material of the metal piece.

摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / DE88 / 00435 Sec。 371日期：1989年4月6日 102（e）日期1989年4月6日PCT Filed 1988年7月14日PCT公布。 出版物WO89 / 01717 日本特开1989年2月23日。一种内燃机用火花塞的制造方法，其特征在于，在火花塞的至少一个金属电极的端面上配置由贵金属构成的金属片，将激光束导向外表面 所述金属片面向所述火花隙以在所述一个金属电极和面向所述火花隙的耐磨层之间形成合金区，所述合金区由所述金属电极和所述金属片的材料构成，所述合金区的材料的比例 金属电极从与金属电极邻接的仅由金属电极材料构成的区域连续地减小到仅由金属片的材料构成的耐磨层的区域。

公开(公告)号：US4211204A

公开(公告)日：1980-07-08

申请号：US942078

申请日：1978-09-13

申请人： Jens Glauner ,  Gunther Kauhl ,  Hannes Pflug ,  Leo Steinke ,  Helmut Weyl

发明人： Jens Glauner ,  Gunther Kauhl ,  Hannes Pflug ,  Leo Steinke ,  Helmut Weyl

IPC分类号： F02P19/00 ,  F23Q7/00 ,  F02M57/00

CPC分类号： F23Q7/001

摘要： To heat the glow plug for an internal combustion engine, a spiral band or ribbon is wound in an essentially co-planar spiral about a central bolt secured to the bottom of the glow plug, the outer terminal of the spiral being connected to a lead-in with highly positive temperature coefficient of resistance to provide for self-limiting current flow upon heating of the glow plug. All free spaces in the glow plug are filled with a highly heat-conductive insulating material, for example magnesium oxide.

摘要翻译： 为了加热用于内燃机的电热塞，螺旋带或带卷绕在固定到电热塞底部的中心螺栓上的基本上共面的螺旋中，螺旋的外部端子连接到铅 - 具有极高的电阻温度系数，以在加热电热塞时提供自限流电流。 电热塞中的所有空闲空间都填充有高导热绝缘材料，例如氧化镁。

公开(公告)号：US4057477A

公开(公告)日：1977-11-08

申请号：US654918

申请日：1976-02-03

申请人： Helmut Weyl ,  Leo Steinke

发明人： Helmut Weyl ,  Leo Steinke

IPC分类号： G01N27/403 ,  G01N27/407 ,  G01N27/46

CPC分类号： G01N27/407 ,  G01N27/4062 ,  G01N27/4078

摘要： A housing of the device has a passage formed with two spaced open ends and with an inner circumferential shoulder. A tubular member of ion-conducting solid electrolyte material has a first closed-ended portion projecting from one of the open ends, and a second portion extending through the passage and being formed with an outer circumferential flange an axial end face of which faces the one open end and is supported by the shoulder. The interior of the tubular member is in communication with the ambient atmosphere, and an electron-conductive inner electrode is provided on an inner surface of the tubular member and conductively connected with an outside terminal portion. An electron-conductive outer electrode is provided on an outer surface of the tubular member and conductively connected with the housing. A compensating arrangement is provided on the housing fixed with reference thereto and engages the second portion of the tubular member in such a way as to compensate for differential coefficience of thermal expansion and contraction of the material of the housing and of the tubular member, respectively. This prevents relative movements of the housing and tubular member when such differential expansion or contraction occurs.

摘要翻译： 装置的壳体具有形成有两个间隔开的开口端和内周肩部的通道。 离子导电固体电解质材料的管状构件具有从一个开口端突出的第一封闭端部分和延伸穿过通道的第二部分，并且形成有外周凸缘，其轴向端面面向一个 开放式，并由肩膀支撑。 管状构件的内部与环境大气连通，并且在管状构件的内表面上设置电子导电内部电极，并与外部端子部分导电连接。 电子导电外电极设置在管状构件的外表面上并与壳体导电连接。 在相对于其固定的壳体上提供补偿装置，并且以这样一种方式接合管状构件的第二部分，以分别补偿壳体和管状构件的材料的热膨胀和收缩的差异系数。 这样可以防止在出现这种不同的膨胀或收缩时壳体和管状构件的相对运动。

公开(公告)号：US3960693A

公开(公告)日：1976-06-01

申请号：US447330

申请日：1974-03-01

申请人： Helmut Weyl ,  Leo Steinke

发明人： Helmut Weyl ,  Leo Steinke

IPC分类号： G01N27/04 ,  F02B77/08 ,  G01N20060101 ,  G01N27/28 ,  G01N27/403 ,  G01N27/407 ,  G01N27/409 ,  G01N27/416 ,  G01N27/46

CPC分类号： G01N27/407 ,  G01N27/4062 ,  G01N27/4078

摘要： A housing of the device has a passage formed with two spaced open ends and with an inner circumferential shoulder. A tubular member of ion-conducting solid electrolyte material has a first closed-ended portion projecting from one of the open ends, and a second portion extending through the passage and being formed with an outer circumferential flange an axial end face of which faces the one open end and is supported by the shoulder. The interior of the tubular member is in communication with the ambient atmosphere, and an electron-conductive inner electrode is provided on an inner surface of the tubular member and conductively connected with an outside terminal portion. An electron-conductive outer electrode is provided on an outer surface of the tubular member and conductively connected with the housing. A compensating arrangement is provided on the housing fixed with reference thereto and engages the second portion of the tubular member in such a way as to compensate for differential coefficience of thermal expansion and contraction of the material of the housing and of the tubular member, respectively. This prevents relative movements of the housing and tubular member when such differential expansion or contraction occurs.

摘要翻译： 装置的壳体具有形成有两个间隔开的开口端和内周肩部的通道。 离子导电固体电解质材料的管状构件具有从一个开口端突出的第一封闭端部分和延伸穿过通道的第二部分，并且形成有外周凸缘，其轴向端面面向一个 开放式，并由肩膀支撑。 管状构件的内部与环境大气连通，并且在管状构件的内表面上设置电子导电内部电极，并与外部端子部分导电连接。 电子导电外电极设置在管状构件的外表面上并与壳体导电连接。 在相对于其固定的壳体上提供补偿装置，并且以这样一种方式接合管状构件的第二部分，以分别补偿壳体和管状构件的材料的热膨胀和收缩的差异系数。 这样可以防止在出现这种不同的膨胀或收缩时壳体和管状构件的相对运动。

公开(公告)号：US4187163A

公开(公告)日：1980-02-05

申请号：US863612

申请日：1977-12-23

申请人： Leo Steinke ,  Helmut Weyl

发明人： Leo Steinke ,  Helmut Weyl

IPC分类号： G01N27/409 ,  F02D41/14 ,  G01N27/403 ,  G01N27/407 ,  G01N27/46

CPC分类号： G01N27/407 ,  F02D41/1454 ,  G01N27/4062

摘要： To prevent ingress of moisture, water, dirt, or other contamination into the interior of an exhaust gas sensor having an opening to provide for communication with ambient air to establish an oxygen reference level, a cover cap, preferably of metal, but which may be of plastic if extreme heat resistance is not required, is placed over the sensor, the cover cap being formed with a labyrinth which provides for communication between ambient air and the interior of the sensor, the labyrinth preferably being formed as a groove, especially a spiral groove, in the interior of the cap and having access to outside ambient air, the cap preferably being secured by means other than friction, such as a spot weld, an engagement catch or the like to the sensor housing.

摘要翻译： 为了防止湿气，水，污垢或其他污染物进入具有开口的废气传感器的内部，以提供与环境空气的连通以建立氧参考水平，优选为金属的盖帽，但可以是 的塑料，如果不需要极高的耐热性，则放置在传感器上方，盖帽形成有迷宫，该迷宫用于环境空气和传感器内部之间的连通，迷宫优选地形成为凹槽，特别是螺旋形 凹槽，在盖的内部并且能够进入外部环境空气的情况下，盖优选地通过除摩擦之外的装置（例如点焊，接合卡爪等）固定到传感器壳体。

公开(公告)号：US4019974A

公开(公告)日：1977-04-26

申请号：US643934

申请日：1975-12-23

申请人： Helmut Weyl ,  Leo Steinke

发明人： Helmut Weyl ,  Leo Steinke

IPC分类号： G01N27/409 ,  F02B77/08 ,  G01N27/403 ,  G01N27/407 ,  G01N27/46

CPC分类号： G01N27/407 ,  G01N27/4062 ,  G01N27/4078

摘要： To provide for insulation between the conductors of a solid electrolyte ion-conductive oxygen measuring tube and a steel housing thereof, for introduction into the exhaust system of an automotive vehicle, the housing is formed with a shoulder against which a ceramic ring is seated, the tube passing through the ring, and likewise being formed with a shoulder seating against the ring. The outer conductor along the tube extends beyond the ring. A resilient electrically conductive mass such as graphite is packed around the tube, and spaced from the inner walls of the housing by a resilient mass of an insulating powder, such as talcum. The tube is held in position by a second insulating ring, the aperture of which is lined with a metallic sleeve contacting the electrically conductive powder and providing a contact connection to a terminal located in an end insulator secured to the housing; the interior of the tube is likewise connected to another terminal located in the insulator.

摘要翻译： 为了提供固体电解质离子导电氧测量管的导体与其钢壳体之间的绝缘，用于引入机动车辆的排气系统中，壳体形成有陶瓷环所位于的肩部， 管穿过环，并且同样形成有肩部抵靠环的座。 沿管的外导体延伸超过环。 诸如石墨的弹性导电块被包裹在管周围，并且通过诸如滑石的绝缘粉末的弹性质量与壳体的内壁隔开。 管通过第二绝缘环保持在适当的位置，第二绝缘环的孔径与金属套筒相接触，金属套筒与导电粉末接触，并提供与位于固定到壳体的末端绝缘体中的端子的接触连接; 管的内部同样连接到位于绝缘体中的另一个端子。

公开(公告)号：US4369748A

公开(公告)日：1983-01-25

申请号：US268856

申请日：1981-06-01

申请人： Leo Steinke ,  Ernst Linder ,  Helmut Maurer ,  Klaus Muller ,  Franz Rieger

发明人： Leo Steinke ,  Ernst Linder ,  Helmut Maurer ,  Klaus Muller ,  Franz Rieger

IPC分类号： G01M15/00 ,  F02P5/152 ,  F02P5/153 ,  G01H9/00 ,  G01H17/00 ,  G01L23/22 ,  F02P5/04 ,  F02B3/00

CPC分类号： G01L23/22 ,  F02P5/1525 ,  Y02T10/46

摘要： A sensor (10) optically coupled to the combustion chamber (10') of an internal combustion (IC) engine is kept free from contaminating or dirt deposits, or the like, by subjecting the sensor to mechanical shocks or vibration. The mechanical shocks or vibration are obtained by the engine itself by controlling the engine to operate for a predetermined time period as set by a monostable flip-flop (FF) (18) under controlled knocking conditions, the shock waves within the combustion chamber causing flaking off or dropping off of contaminating deposits. Controlled knocking can be obtained by advancing ignition timing by additional control of an ignition system (19) in a direction of excessive spark advance, or overriding a knocking inhibiting system already present on the engine. The degree of contamination of the sensor can be determined, for example, by integrating the light received over a predetermined angle of rotation of the engine crankshaft and comparing this rotation with the amount of fuel supplied to the engine for combustion, for example by comparison with timing of a fuel injection pulse, or the like.

摘要翻译： 光学耦合到内燃机（IC）发动机的燃烧室（10'）的传感器（10）通过使传感器受到机械冲击或振动而保持没有污染或污垢沉积物等。 发动机本身通过控制发动机在受控的爆震条件下由单稳态触发器（FF）（18）设定的预定时间段来实现机械冲击或振动，燃烧室内的冲击波引起剥落 脱落或掉落污染沉积物。 可以通过在点火系统（19）的过度火花提前的方向上进一步控制点火正时或者超越已经存在于发动机上的爆震抑制系统来获得控制爆震。 传感器的污染程度可以例如通过将在发动机曲轴的预定旋转角度上接收到的光积分并将该旋转与供给到发动机用于燃烧的燃料量进行比较来确定，例如通过与 燃料喷射脉冲的定时等。

公开(公告)号：US4252091A

公开(公告)日：1981-02-24

申请号：US45019

申请日：1979-06-04

申请人： Leo Steinke

发明人： Leo Steinke

IPC分类号： F23Q7/00 ,  F02P19/00

CPC分类号： F23Q7/001

摘要： To positively exclude oxygen from a heating spiral located within the interior of a glow plug, so that the heating spiral can use a material having a high positive temperature coefficient of resistance, an insulating bushing separates a central connecting bolt from the surrounding metal sleeve and at least one, and preferably both the bolt and the metal sleeve are formed with circumferential matching ridges and grooves into which the insulating bushing will be pressed to provide an effective seal and a long, tortuous path for any possible leakage of air past the seal, even under the extremes of operating conditions and temperature gradients to which glow plugs are exposed in use. To further exclude oxygen from the heating spiral, the filler material adjacent the sealing bushing can include material having a high affinity to oxygen, such as aluminum or magnesium, so that any oxygen molecules which might leak past the seal will be bound thereby.

摘要翻译： 为了从位于电热塞内部的加热螺旋积极排除氧，使得加热螺旋可以使用具有高正温度系数电阻的材料，绝缘套管将中心连接螺栓与周围的金属套管分开，并且在 至少一个，并且优选地，螺栓和金属套筒都形成有圆周匹配的脊和凹槽，绝缘衬套将被压入其中以提供有效的密封和用于任何可能的空气通过密封件泄漏的长曲折的路径，甚至 在使用中电热塞暴露的操作条件和温度梯度的极端。 为了从加热螺旋进一步排除氧气，与密封衬套相邻的填充材料可以包括对氧气具有高亲和力的材料，例如铝或镁，使得可能通过密封件泄漏的任何氧分子被结合。