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公开(公告)号：US5530111A
公开(公告)日：1996-06-25
申请号：US296171
申请日：1994-08-29
摘要： A method is described for the chemical modification of pre-shaped hydrogels in non-aqueous medium. The conditions permit the reaction of highly expanded, porous hydrogel particles, such as spherical beads, using pseudo homogeneous reaction conditions in the absence of water. The method involves a three step procedure in which the porous gels are solvent exchanged int a water-free solvent (step 1) with minimal change in gel dimension and porosity; followed by reaction under non-aqueous condition (step 2); and followed by solvent exchange into water (step 3). Many different types of reactions requiring non-aqueous conditions may be carried out using these conditions. The method has particularly been demonstrated for crosslinking fluorinating beads, and for esterifying beads in a reaction involving multifunctional free carboxylic acids in the presence of dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC).
摘要翻译： 描述了一种用于非水介质中预形状水凝胶的化学改性的方法。 该条件允许在不存在水的情况下使用假均匀反应条件使高度膨胀的多孔水凝胶颗粒如球形珠的反应。 该方法涉及三步法，其中多孔凝胶在无水溶剂（步骤1）中溶剂交换，凝胶尺寸和孔隙率变化最小; 然后在非水条件下反应（步骤2）; 然后进行与水的溶剂交换（步骤3）。 可以使用这些条件进行需要非水性条件的许多不同类型的反应。 特别是在二环己基碳化二亚胺（DCC）的存在下，涉及氟化珠的交联以及涉及多官能游离羧酸的反应中的酯化珠粒的方法。
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公开(公告)号：US5900479A
公开(公告)日：1999-05-04
申请号：US435866
申请日：1995-05-05
IPC分类号： C08B37/08 , C09D105/08 , D01F9/00
CPC分类号： D01F9/00 , C08B37/003 , C09D105/08
摘要： A chitosan starting material is combined with a dilute organic acid to produce a chitosonium ion complex. The chitosonium ion complex is then cast, sprayed, extruded, or otherwise processed to produce filaments, coatings, fibers, or the like. Heat is then used to convert the chitosonium ion complex into a N-(C.sub.1-30)acyl glucose amine polymer.
摘要翻译： 将壳聚糖起始材料与稀有机酸组合以产生壳聚糖离子络合物。 然后将壳聚糖离子络合物浇铸，喷雾，挤出或以其它方式加工以生产细丝，涂层，纤维等。 然后使用热将壳寡糖离子络合物转化成N-（C1-30）酰基葡萄糖胺聚合物。
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公开(公告)号：US5523398A
公开(公告)日：1996-06-04
申请号：US296934
申请日：1994-08-31
摘要： The invention is directed to the formation of cellulose derivatives using homogenous phase reaction conditions. Cellulose is dissolved using DMAc/LiCl and a reagent system is added to promote the acylation of an appropriate acid anhydride or free carboxylic acid. One reagent system includes N,N-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC) and 4-pyrrolidinopyridine (PP). Another reagent system includes p-toluene sulfonyl chloride (TsCl) and pyridine (Py).
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及使用均相相反应条件形成纤维素衍生物。 使用DMAc / LiCl溶解纤维素，并加入试剂体系以促进合适的酸酐或游离羧酸的酰化。 一种试剂系统包括N，N-二环己基碳二亚胺（DCC）和4-吡咯烷基吡啶（PP）。 另一试剂系统包括对甲苯磺酰氯（TsCl）和吡啶（Py）。
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公开(公告)号：US5102992A
公开(公告)日：1992-04-07
申请号：US569550
申请日：1990-08-20
IPC分类号： C08G59/04
摘要： A method of producing prepolymeric materials from lignin is disclosed. The method uses lignin which has been hydroxyalkyl modified, such that the lignin is substantially non-phenolic and solvent soluble and/or liquid. The modified lignin is reacted with materials which yield prepolymers which may be polymerized according to known methods to produce useful polymers.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种从木质素生产预聚物的方法。 该方法使用已被羟烷基改性的木质素，使得木质素基本上是非酚类和溶剂可溶的和/或液体的。 将改性木质素与产生可根据已知方法聚合以产生有用聚合物的预聚物的材料反应。
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5.发明授权Method of making ester-crosslinked chitosan support materials and products thereof 失效制备酯交联壳聚糖载体材料及其制品的方法
公开(公告)号：US5874551A
公开(公告)日：1999-02-23
申请号：US654929
申请日：1996-05-29
IPC分类号： B01J20/24 , B01J20/291 , C08B37/08 , C08G63/48 , C08G63/91
CPC分类号： B01J20/291 , B01J20/24 , C08B37/003 , B01J2220/54
摘要： Chitosan support material is crosslinked using a heat-induced, amidification reaction in non-aqueous solvent. Crosslinking is achieved by the use of dicarboxylic acids which form amide bonds with chitosan. The type and degree of crosslinking can be controlled to tailor mechanical strength, solubility, and functionality, of the resulting chitosan support material. Quaternization and/or cyclodextrin-modification functionalization of the chitosan beads can also be effected in addition to the crosslinking to produce separation materials with great versatility and utility. The invention is applicable to chitosan support materials of various solids contents and geometrical shapes such as beads, fibers, films, and adhesive coatings.
摘要翻译： 壳聚糖载体材料在非水溶剂中使用热诱导的酰胺化反应进行交联。 通过使用与壳聚糖形成酰胺键的二羧酸来实现交联。 可以控制交联的类型和程度以调节所得壳聚糖载体材料的机械强度，溶解度和功能。 壳聚糖珠的季铵化和/或环糊精改性官能化除了交联以外还可以实现，以产生具有很大通用性和实用性的分离材料。 本发明适用于各种固体含量和几何形状如珠，纤维，薄膜和粘合剂涂层的壳聚糖载体材料。
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6.发明授权Method of making magnetic, crosslinked chitosan support materials and products thereof 失效制备磁性交联壳聚糖载体材料及其制品的方法
公开(公告)号：US5864025A
公开(公告)日：1999-01-26
申请号：US885842
申请日：1997-06-30
CPC分类号： H01F1/42 , C08B37/003
摘要： Method for magnetizing crosslinked chitosan support material involving the treatment of carboxyl group-containing, crosslinked chitosan gels with solutions of ferrous chloride followed by treatment with dilute aqueous alkali and then oxidation with molecular oxygen gas to produce highly-enriched magnetized chitosan particles, beads, films and/or coatings.
摘要翻译： 磁性交联壳聚糖载体材料的方法，涉及用氯化亚铁溶液处理含羧基的交联壳聚糖凝胶，然后用稀碱水处理，然后用分子氧气氧化，生成高度富集的磁化壳聚糖颗粒，珠粒，膜 和/或涂层。
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公开(公告)号：US4918167A
公开(公告)日：1990-04-17
申请号：US183213
申请日：1988-04-19
IPC分类号： C08G59/04
摘要： A method of producing prepolymeric materials from lignin is disclosed. The method uses lignin which has been hydroxyalkyl modified, such that the lignin is substantially non-phenolic and solvent soluble and/or liquid. The modified lignin is reacted with materials which yield prepolymers which may be polymerized according to known methods to produce useful polymers.
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公开(公告)号：US5770712A
公开(公告)日：1998-06-23
申请号：US818398
申请日：1997-03-14
CPC分类号： B01J20/24 , B01J20/267 , B01J20/28004 , B01J20/28019 , B01J20/28023 , B01J20/28033 , B01J20/286 , B01J20/289 , B01J20/3092 , B01J20/3212 , B01J20/3219 , B01J20/3251 , C08B37/003 , B01J2220/4825 , B01J2220/54 , B01J2220/58 , Y10S435/803 , Y10S977/753 , Y10S977/896 , Y10S977/898 , Y10S977/903
摘要： A chitosan support material is made with crosslinking and installation of a spacer arm between the chitosan matrix and an epoxy terminal group at the distal end of the spacer arm. Among other things, the installed spacer arm endows the crosslinked chitosan beads with enhanced binding specificity during chromatographic separations.
摘要翻译： 壳聚糖载体材料通过在隔离臂的远端处的壳聚糖基质和环氧基端基之间交联并安装隔离臂来制备。 除其他外，安装的间隔臂在色谱分离期间赋予交联的壳聚糖珠具有增强的结合特异性。
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公开(公告)号：US5430142A
公开(公告)日：1995-07-04
申请号：US102938
申请日：1993-08-06
CPC分类号： C08B37/0057
摘要： A process for chemically modifying substantially pure xylose-rich oligosaccharides and polysaccharides in homogenous phase solution. The process may be advantageously utilized to produce biodegradable, thermoplastic, melt flowable, low shear resistant and low viscosity xylan derivatives.
摘要翻译： 一种在同质相溶液中化学改性基本上纯的富含木糖的低聚糖和多糖的方法。 该方法可有利地用于生产可生物降解的，热塑性的，可熔融流动的，低剪切的和低粘度的木聚糖衍生物。
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10.发明授权Lignocellulosic and cellulosic beads for use in affinity and immunoaffinity chromatography of high molecular weight proteins 失效木质纤维素和纤维素珠，用于高分子量蛋白质的亲和力和免疫亲和层析
公开(公告)号：US5328603A
公开(公告)日：1994-07-12
申请号：US932710
申请日：1992-08-19
IPC分类号： B01J20/291 , B01J20/32 , B01D15/08
CPC分类号： B01J20/291 , B01J20/3212 , B01J20/3219 , B01J20/3227 , B01J20/3274 , B01J20/3287 , B01J20/3293 , B01J2220/54
摘要： Improved cellulosic beads for use as supports in bioaffinity chromatography are produced by dissolution of cellulose in a chaotropic cellulose solvent, formation of the dissolved cellulose into droplets, and immersion of the droplets into a non-solvent capable of solvent interchange with the cellulose solvent to form generally spherical porous cellulose beads of narrow particle size distribution. The beads formed are preferably made with cellulose having a degree of polymerization between 100 and 200, and the resulting beads when saturated with water without drying contain between 1% and 7% cellulose by weight and have a particle size of at least about 0.3 mm. The beads can be activated by a suitable activation method, and specific bioaffinity ligands are bound to the active sites in the beads. The beads reacted ligands, the beads then used in bioaffinity chromatography to isolate specific bioaffinity molecules having molecular weights between 5,000 and 500,000 from complex solutions. The beads are particularly useful in bioaffinity chromatography of antibodies, therapeutic proteins, enzymes, and other high molecular weight proteins. The cellulose beads have similar properties to agarose beads used in the prior art for bioaffinity chromatography of high molecular weight proteins, but the cellulosic beads of the present invention have much greater mechanical strength and resist crushing under higher column flow rates without chemical cross linking are much cheaper to produce than prior art agarose and dextran beads.
摘要翻译： 用于生物亲和层析中的支持物的改进的纤维素珠粒通过将纤维素溶解在离液纤维素溶剂中，将溶解的纤维素形成液滴并将液滴浸入能够与纤维素溶剂进行溶剂交换的非溶剂中来形成 通常球形的多孔纤维素颗粒粒径分布窄。 形成的珠粒优选由聚合度在100和200之间的纤维素制成，并且当用水饱和而不干燥时所得的珠粒含有1重量％至7重量％的纤维素，并且具有至少约0.3毫米的粒度。 珠子可以通过合适的活化方法活化，并且特定的生物亲和配体结合到珠粒中的活性位点。 珠粒反应配体，然后将珠粒用于生物亲和层析中以从复杂溶液中分离具有5,000至500,000的分子量的特异性生物亲和分子。 珠粒在抗体，治疗蛋白质，酶和其他高分子量蛋白质的生物亲和层析中特别有用。 纤维素珠具有与现有技术中用于高分子量蛋白质的生物亲和层析的琼脂糖珠相似的性质，但是本发明的纤维素珠具有更大的机械强度并且在更高的柱流速下抵抗破碎而没有化学交联是多 比现有技术的琼脂糖和葡聚糖珠更便宜。
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