Abstract:
Described herein are improved methods of degrading or converting cellulosic material into fermentable sugars using dithionite. Also described are improved methods of fermentation in the presence of dithionite.
Abstract:
A method for producing a fermentation product from a lignocellulose-containing material comprises pre-treating the lignocellulose-containing material; introducing treated basidiomycota mycelia and/or yeast cells to the pre-treated lignocellulose-containing material; exposing the pre-treated lignocellulose-containing material to an effective amount of hydrolyzing enzyme; and fermenting with a fermenting organism to produce a fermentation product.
Abstract:
A method for producing a fermentation product from a lignocellulose-containing material comprises pretreating the lignocellulose-containing material; introducing treated dissolved air flotation sludge to the pretreated lignocellulose-containing material; exposing the pretreated lignocellulose-containing material to a hydrolyzing enzyme; and fermenting with a fermenting organism to produce a fermentation product.
Abstract:
A method for producing a fermentation product from a lignocellulose-containing material comprises pre-treating the lignocellulose-containing material; introducing agricultural residues to the pre-treated lignocellulose-containing material; exposing the pre-treated lignocellulose-containing material to one or more hydrolyzing enzymes; and fermenting with a fermenting organism to produce a fermentation product. The agricultural residues may be corn pith and/or corn cob.
Abstract:
A method for producing a fermentation product from a lignocellulose-containing material comprises pre-treating the lignocellulose-containing material; introducing a cationic polysaccharide to the pre-treated lignocellulose-containing material; exposing the pre-treated lignocellulose-containing material to an effective amount of a first hydrolyzing enzyme; and fermenting with a fermenting organism to produce a fermentation product. The cationic polysaccharide may be a cationic starch.
Abstract:
Described herein are improved methods of degrading or converting cellulosic material into fermentable sugars using dithionite. Also described are improved methods of fermentation in the presence of dithionite.
Abstract:
A process for producing a fermentation product from a lignocellulose-containing material includes pre-treating the lignocellulose-containing material; introducing chitosan or a chitosan-like polymer to the pre-treated lignocellulose-containing material; exposing the pre-treated lignocellulose-containing material to an effective amount of a hydrolyzing enzyme; and fermenting with a fermenting organism to produce a fermentation product.
Abstract:
A rotor for a dynamoelectric machine includes a rotor core having an outer periphery and at least a first set of magnets positioned within the outer periphery of the rotor core. The first set of magnets includes at least two block magnets and an arc magnet. The block magnets have a substantially parallel magnetization pattern and the arc magnet has a substantially radial magnetization pattern. The arc magnet has a concave surface facing the outer periphery of the rotor core. The first set of magnets defines a pole of the rotor. Rotors with other magnet configurations, and dynamoelectric machines and compressors incorporating such rotors, are also disclosed.
Abstract:
A scintillation-crystal based gamma-ray detector with photon sensors disposed on edge surface(s) of the crystal to take advantage of total internal reflection of scintillation photons within the thin-slab detector substrate to improve spatial resolution of determination of a scintillation event (including depth-of-interaction resolution) while preserving energy resolution and detection efficiency. The proposed structure benefits from the reduced—as compared with related art—total number of readout channels elimination of need in complicated and repetitive cutting and polishing operations to form pixelated crystal arrays used in conventional PET detector modules. Detectors systems utilizing stacks of such detectors, and methods of operation of same.
Abstract:
Methods for producing butadiene by the oxidative dehydrogenation of butene are provided. Methods for producing butadiene from a feed stream including oxygen and butene in a molar ratio of oxygen to butene (O2/C4H8) from about 0.9 to about 1.5 can include introducing the feed stream to a catalyst in the presence of steam. The molar ratio of steam to butene (H2O/C4H8) can be from about 10 to about 20. Methods can further include reacting the butene to generate a product stream therefrom comprising butadiene and water. Methods can further include separating water from the product stream to generate a butadiene stream including greater than about 85 wt-% butadiene.