摘要:
Embodiments of the present invention disclose a method and a system for realizing PON reach extension, and a relay apparatus for realizing this method. The method includes: extracting an overhead in an upstream data stream that is sent by an ONU to an OLT, obtaining a payload in the upstream data stream through de-mapping, and storing it into a buffer; extracting bandwidth authorization information in an downstream data stream that is sent by the OLT to the ONU; and reorganizing a stored payload according to the bandwidth authorization information and inserting a corresponding overhead to generate a new upstream data stream and send it to the OLT.
摘要:
Disclosed are compositions and methods for culturing cells in a manner that inhibits culture induced senescence. In one aspect, the methods comprise the administration of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) precursors to the culture. Further disclosed are NAD precursors used in the methods, comprising nicotinamide (NAM), nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), and/or nicotinamide riboside (NR).
摘要:
A method, device and system for implementing a long reach passive optical network (LR-PON) are provided, which solve the problem that the cost for establishing an LR-PON system is high. The method includes: receiving an uplink burst packet transmitted by an optical network unit (ONU) in a burst manner (101) , converting a burst optical signal of the uplink burst packet into a continuous optical signal, and transmitting the continuous optical signal to a receiving device (105). The present invention is applicable to an LR-PON.