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    Apparatus and method of controlling phase transformation temperature of a shape memory alloy
    1.
    发明授权
    Apparatus and method of controlling phase transformation temperature of a shape memory alloy 有权
    控制形状记忆合金相变温度的装置及方法

    公开(公告)号：US08741076B2

    公开(公告)日：2014-06-03

    申请号：US13177599

    申请日：2011-07-07

    申请人： Xiujie Gao ,  Alan L. Browne ,  Paul W. Alexander ,  Nancy L. Johnson ,  Wayne Brown

    发明人： Xiujie Gao ,  Alan L. Browne ,  Paul W. Alexander ,  Nancy L. Johnson ,  Wayne Brown

    IPC分类号： F03G7/06

    CPC分类号： F03G7/065

    摘要： A device and method for controlling a phase transformation temperature of a shape memory alloy is provided. The device includes a primary wire composed of the shape memory alloy. The primary wire defines first and second ends, the first end being attached to a fixed structure and the second end being able to displace. An activation source is thermally coupled to the wire and is operable to selectively cause the primary wire to reversibly transform from a Martensitic phase to an Austenitic phase during a cycle. A loading element is operatively connected to the primary wire and configured to selectively increase a tensile load on the primary wire when an ambient temperature is at or above a threshold temperature, thereby increasing the phase transformation temperature of the primary wire.

    摘要翻译： 提供一种用于控制形状记忆合金的相变温度的装置和方法。 该装置包括由形状记忆合金构成的初级线。 主线限定第一端和第二端，第一端附接到固定结构，第二端能够移位。 激活源热耦合到导线，并且可操作地选择性地使主线在一个循环期间从马氏体相可逆地转变成奥氏体相。 负载元件可操作地连接到主线，并且被配置为当环境温度处于或高于阈值温度时选择性地增加主线上的拉伸负载，从而增加初级线的相变温度。

    APPARATUS AND METHOD OF CONTROLLING PHASE TRANSFORMATION TEMPERATURE OF A SHAPE MEMORY ALLOY
    2.
    发明申请
    APPARATUS AND METHOD OF CONTROLLING PHASE TRANSFORMATION TEMPERATURE OF A SHAPE MEMORY ALLOY 有权
    控制形状记忆合金相变温度的装置及方法

    公开(公告)号：US20130011806A1

    公开(公告)日：2013-01-10

    申请号：US13177599

    申请日：2011-07-07

    申请人： Xiujie Gao ,  Alan L. Browne ,  Paul W. Alexander ,  Nancy L. Johnson ,  Wayne Brown

    发明人： Xiujie Gao ,  Alan L. Browne ,  Paul W. Alexander ,  Nancy L. Johnson ,  Wayne Brown

    IPC分类号： F27D19/00

    CPC分类号： F03G7/065

    摘要： A device and method for controlling a phase transformation temperature of a shape memory alloy is provided. The device includes a primary wire composed of the shape memory alloy. The primary wire defines first and second ends, the first end being attached to a fixed structure and the second end being able to displace. An activation source is thermally coupled to the wire and is operable to selectively cause the primary wire to reversibly transform from a Martensitic phase to an Austenitic phase during a cycle. A loading element is operatively connected to the primary wire and configured to selectively increase a tensile load on the primary wire when an ambient temperature is at or above a threshold temperature, thereby increasing the phase transformation temperature of the primary wire.

    摘要翻译： 提供一种用于控制形状记忆合金的相变温度的装置和方法。 该装置包括由形状记忆合金构成的初级线。 主线限定第一端和第二端，第一端附接到固定结构，第二端能够移位。 激活源热耦合到导线，并且可操作地选择性地使主线在一个循环期间从马氏体相可逆地转变成奥氏体相。 负载元件可操作地连接到主线，并且被配置为当环境温度处于或高于阈值温度时选择性地增加主线上的拉伸负载，从而增加初级线的相变温度。

    PROCESS FOR UPGRADING HEAVY OIL AND BITUMEN PRODUCTS
    6.
    发明申请
    PROCESS FOR UPGRADING HEAVY OIL AND BITUMEN PRODUCTS 审中-公开
    升级重油和生物产品的方法

    公开(公告)号：US20120000830A1

    公开(公告)日：2012-01-05

    申请号：US13128910

    申请日：2008-11-14

    申请人： Gerard Monaghan ,  Stephen Porter ,  Ross Holuk ,  Robert Sugiyama ,  Wayne Brown

    发明人： Gerard Monaghan ,  Stephen Porter ,  Ross Holuk ,  Robert Sugiyama ,  Wayne Brown

    IPC分类号： C10G31/06

    CPC分类号： C10G1/002 ,  B01J8/36 ,  C10G1/02 ,  C10G7/00 ,  C10G9/00 ,  C10G9/32 ,  C10G11/18 ,  C10G51/023 ,  C10G70/00 ,  C10G2400/02

    摘要： A process for upgrading bitumen recovered from an oil reservoir without hydrogen production is particularly useful in field upgrading applications. In this process, recovered bitumen enters a fractionator and is contacted with heated gases from a fluidized bed reactor. The bitumen and heated gases are fractionated into segregated products including at least a liquid pitch, unstable fractions, and an upgraded liquid product. The liquid pitch is introduced into the reactor to produce a vapor phase liquid product; the reactor comprises solid particles moving through the reactor and a fluidizing gas fluidizing the solid particles at a conversion temperature which is suitable for facilitating the conversion of at least some of the liquid pitch into the vapor phase liquid product. The heated gases comprising the vapor phase liquid product and fluidizing gas are directed from the reactor to the fractionator to contact the bitumen stream. In this process, enough of the segregated unstable fractions are burned that the liquid product and any remaining unstable fractions meets pipeline specifications without hydrogen treatment of any of the remaining unstable fractions.

    摘要翻译： 在没有氢气生产的情况下，从油藏回收的沥青的升级方法在现场升级应用中尤其有用。 在该方法中，回收的沥青进入分馏器并与来自流化床反应器的加热气体接触。 沥青和加热的气体被分馏成至少包括液体沥青，不稳定馏分和升级的液体产物的分离产物。 将液体沥青引​​入反应器中以产生气相液体产物; 反应器包括移动通过反应器的固体颗粒和在适于促进至少一些液体沥青转化成气相液体产物的转化温度下使固体颗粒流化的流化气体。 包括气相液体产物和流化气体的加热气体从反应器引导至分馏器以接触沥青流。 在该过程中，足够的分离的不稳定馏分被燃烧，使得液体产物和任何剩余的不稳定馏分满足管道规格，而不对任何剩余的不稳定馏分进行氢处理。

    Irrigation valve box
    7.
    发明申请
    Irrigation valve box 审中-公开
    灌溉阀箱

    公开(公告)号：US20090044869A1

    公开(公告)日：2009-02-19

    申请号：US12070617

    申请日：2008-02-19

    申请人： Wayne Brown ,  Morris A. Brown

    发明人： Wayne Brown ,  Morris A. Brown

    IPC分类号： F16L3/00

    CPC分类号： A01G25/06 ,  Y10T137/6991

    摘要： An irrigation valve box includes a body for shielding the valve, which forms an opening at the top, and a removable lid for fitting into the opening formed by the body. Access to the valve is normally gained by removing the lid. Metal is associated with the valve box for the purpose of being detected by a metal detector. In one arrangement the metal forms a plate which fits into the removable lid. In an arrangement especially suited for a larger or commercial valve box, the metal forms a metal ring which fits into the removable lid. In yet another arrangement, the lid comprises molded plastic or molded rubber and the metal is molded into the lid. In one such an arrangement, the metal forms a wire mesh. A method for detecting an irrigation valve box which is hidden from view by soil or grass, includes the combination steps of associating metal with the valve box at an earlier time when the location of the valve box was known, so that the metal is detectable by a metal detector, and using a metal detector to locate the metal, and thereby to locate the valve box. One arrangement of the method includes the steps of forming the metal into a plate and fitting the metal plate into the removable lid. Another arrangement of the method includes the steps of forming the metal into a metal ring and fitting the metal ring into the removable lid. Yet another arrangement of the method includes the step of forming the metal into the removable lid, such as forming the metal into a mesh molded into the removable lid.

    摘要翻译： 冲洗阀箱包括用于屏蔽阀的主体，其在顶部形成开口，以及用于装配到由主体形成的开口中的可移除盖。 通常通过取下盖子来获得阀门。 为了通过金属检测器检测金属与阀箱相关联。 在一种布置中，金属形成适合于可移除盖的板。 在特别适用于较大或商业的阀箱的布置中，金属形成适合于可拆卸盖的金属环。 在另一种布置中，盖包括模制塑料或模制橡胶，并且金属被模制到盖中。 在一种这样的布置中，金属形成丝网。 用于检测由土壤或草地隐藏的冲洗阀箱的方法包括在阀箱的位置已知时较早的时间将金属与阀箱相关联的组合步骤，使得金属可以被 金属检测器，并使用金属检测器来定位金属，从而定位阀箱。 该方法的一种布置包括将金属形成板并将金属板装配到可移除盖中的步骤。 该方法的另一种布置包括将金属形成金属环并将金属环装配到可移除盖中的步骤。 该方法的另一种布置包括将金属形成到可移除盖中的步骤，例如将金属形成为模制到可移除盖中的网。

    Production of chip-like durum wheat-based snacks
    9.
    发明授权
    Production of chip-like durum wheat-based snacks 失效
    生产片状硬粒小麦基小吃

    公开(公告)号：US5695804A

    公开(公告)日：1997-12-09

    申请号：US217466

    申请日：1994-03-24

    申请人： Diane L. Hnat ,  Harry Levine ,  Louise Slade ,  Richard P. Maitland ,  Wayne Brown ,  Patricia A. Mozeke

    发明人： Diane L. Hnat ,  Harry Levine ,  Louise Slade ,  Richard P. Maitland ,  Wayne Brown ,  Patricia A. Mozeke

    IPC分类号： A23L1/164 ,  A23L1/217 ,  A21D2/36 ,  A21D6/00 ,  A21D8/02 ,  A23L1/10

    CPC分类号： A23L19/19 ,  A23L7/117 ,  A23L7/122 ,  A23L7/13

    摘要： A durum wheat-based ingredient, preferably durum wheat flour, is used in the production of chip-like snacks having a very crunchy, fracturable, non-mealy texture. A machinable dough is formed from at least one durum wheat ingredient, such as durum flour, a no-gluten or low-gluten content starchy material, such as dehydrated potato flakes, water, and a reducing agent, such as sodium metabisulfite. The amount of the durum wheat ingredient may be from about 45% by weight to about 75% by weight, and the amount of reducing agent may be from about 50 ppm to about 300 ppm, based upon the total weight of the durum wheat ingredient and no-gluten or low-gluten content starchy material used to form the machinable dough. The dough may be sheeted, cut into pieces, and baked to a moisture content of less than about 4% by weight. The doughs may be used to produce reduced-fat, low-fat, or zero-fat chip-like products which provide a snapping or cracking sound upon breaking. The reducing agent promotes machinability and a crunchy, non-mealy chip-like texture in the snack.

    摘要翻译： 硬粒小麦基成分，优选硬粒小麦粉，用于生产具有非常松脆，可破碎，非粉碎质地的切片状小吃。 可加工的面团由至少一种硬粒小麦成分形成，例如硬粒小麦粉，无谷蛋白或低谷蛋白含量的淀粉物质，例如脱水马铃薯片，水和还原剂如偏亚硫酸氢钠。 硬粒小麦成分的量可以为约45重量％至约75重量％，并且还原剂的量可以为约50ppm至约300ppm，基于硬粒小麦成分的总重量， 用于形成可加工面团的淀粉状材料的无面筋或低麸质含量。 面团可以被切片，切成块，并烘烤成含水量小于约4重量％。 面团可用于生产减脂，低脂肪或零脂肪的片状产品，其在断裂时提供咬合或破裂的声音。 还原剂促进了小吃中的机械加工性和脆性，非粉碎的芯片状织构。

    METHOD FOR FEEDING A FLUIDIZED BED COKING REACTOR
    10.
    发明申请
    METHOD FOR FEEDING A FLUIDIZED BED COKING REACTOR 有权
    用于输送流化床反应器的方法

    公开(公告)号：US20130341174A1

    公开(公告)日：2013-12-26

    申请号：US13997167

    申请日：2011-12-23

    申请人： Wayne Brown

    发明人： Wayne Brown

    IPC分类号： C10B47/24

    CPC分类号： C10B47/24 ,  C10B49/22 ,  C10B55/10

    摘要： A fluidized bed coking reactor apparatus comprises a reaction vessel; a temperature sensor inside the reaction vessel for measuring a reactor temperature, a solids feed mechanism for feeding solid particles into the reactor vessel at a mass flow rate, a feed material feed mechanism for feeding feed material into the reactor at an operating feed rate; and a supervisory controller programmed to determine an upper feed material feed rate of the reactor when operating at the reactor temperature and receiving solid particles at the mass flow rate. The upper feed material feed rate is defined as a feed rate of feed material deposited onto a selected fraction of a fluidized bed of solid particles that causes defluidization in the reactor when the reactor is operating under conditions having a selected degree of backmixing in the fluidized bed, wherein the degree of backmixing is modeled as a selected number of reactors arranged in series and each operating under continuous well-mixed conditions, with the selected number of reactors being an integer between one and infinity.

    摘要翻译： 流化床焦化反应器装置包括反应容器; 在用于测量反应器温度的反应容器内部的温度传感器，用于以质量流量将固体颗粒输送到反应器容器中的固体进料机构，用于以工作进料速率将进料输送到反应器中的进料机构进料机构; 以及监控控制器，其被编程为确定在反应器温度下操作并以质量流量接收固体颗粒时反应器的上进料输送速率。 上进料物料进给速率定义为沉积在固体颗粒流化床的选定馏分中的进料的进料速率，当反应器在流化床中具有选定程度的回混条件下操作时，该反应器在反应器中引起脱流 ，其中回混程度被建模为选择数量的串联排列的反应器，并且每个反应器在连续良好混合的条件下运行，所选择的反应器数量是在一个和一个无穷大之间的整数。