摘要:
An apparatus (10) includes a housing (22) containing a fluid (32) at a first pressure. A portion of the housing (22) includes a nickel-based alloy. The nickel-based alloy has a strain hardening index less than about 0.2. In one embodiment, the housing (22) has an outflow opening (42) closed by a membrane (44). A surface (110) of the membrane (44) extends across the opening (42) and includes a plurality of indentations (130).
摘要:
Voice Over Internet Protocol (VoIP) emergency calls to an Emergency Response Center (ERC) are handled through a VoIP conference bridge on a VoIP service provider's soft switch. The soft switch works with a VoIP positioning center (VPC) to obtain location information, which is compared against a PSAP database to find an initial best-appropriate PSAP for the location of the emergency caller. The PSAP is issued an Invite message to join the conference, establishing an emergency call. Third parties such as police, ambulance may be issued Invite messages to join the conference. Cold transfers are avoided by Inviting participants to join a single emergency conference rather than passing an emergency call from party to party (e.g., from PSAP to police to ambulance, etc.) The PSAP, other emergency responders, and even the initial VoIP emergency caller may leave and rejoin the VoIP conference without dropping the conference between the others.
摘要:
Voice Over Internet Protocol (VoIP) emergency calls to an Emergency Response Center (ERC) are handled through a VoIP conference bridge on a VoIP service provider's soft switch. The soft switch works with a VoIP positioning center (VPC) to obtain location information, which is compared against a PSAP database to find an initial best-appropriate PSAP for the location of the emergency caller. The PSAP is issued an Invite message to join the conference, establishing an emergency call. Third parties such as police, ambulance may be issued Invite messages to join the conference. Cold transfers are avoided by Inviting participants to join a single emergency conference rather than passing an emergency call from party to party (e.g., from PSAP to police to ambulance, etc.) The PSAP, other emergency responders, and even the initial VoIP emergency caller may leave and rejoin the VoIP conference without dropping the conference between the others.
摘要:
Voice Over Internet Protocol (VoIP) devices are invited to a conference bridge based on a pre-defined criteria for the conference bridge (e.g., passengers on a plane. The conference invite messages are transmitted using Internet Protocol, which they may or may not accept. The invited VoIP users may be determined based on their physical proximity to the initial caller and other pre-determined characteristics. A VoIP soft switch includes conference bridges that eliminate the conventional requirement that they dial the phone number of another specific VoIP communications device. Instead, location information relating to the initial VoIP user is passed to the VoIP conference bridge, either from the user's VoIP communication device or from their respective location server. Location and other information is then compared by the VoIP soft switch against other VoIP devices, to find potential VoIP conference participants.
摘要:
The function of determination of location is separated from the function of gathering information based on determined location by use of a Location Object (LO) proxy between an initiating VoIP capable device and a positioning center. The LOProxy queries an appropriate location database using a location key, and injects a PIDF-LO into a routing SIP message otherwise without location. A SIP request without location is received from a VoIP capable device. The SIP request contains messages indicating the type of location generator or service needed. A location key (like a telephone number or SIP URI), in addition to the type of location generator or service needed, is included in a SIP request. A location object (LO) broker may be used between a routing SIP message and a positioning center to direct a routing SIP message to an appropriate one of a plurality of location object (LO) proxies.
摘要:
A system and method are provided for controlling the computing bandwidth and resources provided to external entities based on subscription levels associated with those external entities. Higher subscription levels provide greater resource allocation. Accounting is accomplished by tracking bandwidth allocated and used over given periods of time.
摘要:
The function of determination of location is separated from the function of gathering information based on determined location by use of a Location Object (LO) proxy between an initiating VoIP capable device and a positioning center. The LOProxy queries an appropriate location database using a location key, and injects a PIDF-LO into a routing SIP message otherwise without location. A SIP request without location is received from a VoIP capable device. The SIP request contains messages indicating the type of location generator or service needed. A location key (like a telephone number or SIP URI), in addition to the type of location generator or service needed, is included in a SIP request. A location object (LO) broker may be used between a routing SIP message and a positioning center to direct a routing SIP message to an appropriate one of a plurality of location object (LO) proxies.
摘要:
A “PSAP Proxy”, including VoIP functions of call/content delivery to a PSAP, is IP addressable by multiple different VPCs, from multiple VoIP service providers. If the PSAP address is known and the Location Object (LO) is known when a VoIP caller dials 911, the VoIP service provider's softswitch sends the call to the PSAP Proxy for delivery over the determined call access type. If the PSAP address or LO is not known when a VoIP caller dials 911, the softswitch sends the VoIP call to a VPC for addition of the LO. Then the VPC selects the correct PSAP Proxy and passes the call, with LO, over an IP connection to the correct PSAP Proxy. The PSAP Proxy determines capability of the PSAP, and delivers the call. Thus, PSAPs appear IP capable to VoIP service providers, and a SIP URI is provided for PSAPs.
摘要:
Voice Over Internet Protocol (VoIP) emergency calls to an Emergency Response Center (ERC) are handled through a VoIP conference bridge on a VoIP service provider's soft switch. The soft switch works with a VoIP positioning center (VPC) to obtain location information, which is compared against a PSAP database to find an initial best-appropriate PSAP for the location of the emergency caller. The PSAP is issued an Invite message to join the conference, establishing an emergency call. Third parties such as police, ambulance may be issued Invite messages to join the conference. Cold transfers are avoided by Inviting participants to join a single emergency conference rather than passing an emergency call from party to party (e.g., from PSAP to police to ambulance, etc.) The PSAP, other emergency responders, and even the initial VoIP emergency caller may leave and rejoin the VoIP conference without dropping the conference between the others.
摘要:
Voice Over Internet Protocol (VoIP) emergency calls to an Emergency Response Center (ERC) are handled through a VoIP conference bridge on a VoIP service provider's soft switch. The soft switch works with a VoIP positioning center (VPC) to obtain location information, which is compared against a PSAP database to find an initial best-appropriate PSAP for the location of the emergency caller. The PSAP is issued an Invite message to join the conference, establishing an emergency call. Third parties such as police, ambulance may be issued Invite messages to join the conference. Cold transfers are avoided by Inviting participants to join a single emergency conference rather than passing an emergency call from party to party (e.g., from PSAP to police to ambulance, etc.) The PSAP, other emergency responders, and even the initial VoIP emergency caller may leave and rejoin the VoIP conference without dropping the conference between the others.