公开(公告)号：US5040229A

公开(公告)日：1991-08-13

申请号：US474188

申请日：1990-02-02

申请人： Yongchun Lee ,  Andrew M. Assad

发明人： Yongchun Lee ,  Andrew M. Assad

IPC分类号： G06K9/34 ,  G06T7/60

CPC分类号： G06K9/34 ,  G06K2209/01

摘要： Characters which touch one another in a document image are identified and separated in accordance with their contours. The objects in the image are divided into two classes comprising, respectively, those having closed inner contours and those which do not. An object in the first class having either a closed inner contour which is not centered in the object or two horizontally offset closed inner contours or more than two closed inner contours is identified as containing two touching characters and is split in accordance with the character stroke thickness observed in the document. An object in the second class whose contours intersect three spaced horizontal reference lines at more than a predetermined number of points is compared against intersection patterns characteristic of single characters. If a match is not found, the object is identified as containing touching characters.

摘要翻译： 在文档图像中彼此接触的字符根据其轮廓被识别和分离。 图像中的对象被分成两类，分别包括具有封闭的内轮廓和不具有内轮廓的那些。 第一类中的物体具有不在物体中心的封闭内轮廓或两个水平偏移闭合内轮廓或多于两个封闭内轮廓的物体被识别为包含两个触摸字符，并且根据字符行程厚度 在文件中观察。 将第二类中的轮廓与多于预定点数相交的三个间隔水平参考线的对象与单个字符的特征的交点图案进行比较。 如果没有找到匹配，则该对象被标识为包含触摸字符。

公开(公告)号：US06823081B2

公开(公告)日：2004-11-23

申请号：US09845903

申请日：2001-04-30

申请人： Yongchun Lee ,  George O. Simmons

发明人： Yongchun Lee ,  George O. Simmons

IPC分类号： G06K900

CPC分类号： H04N1/38 ,  G06K9/2018

摘要： A method for performing color dropout on a digitized document, the method comprises the steps of obtaining color values from the digitized document for background and a color of interest to a user; transforming the color values of the background and the color of interest into an identical gray scale value according to a color dropout function; obtaining a gray scale value different from the identical gray scale value for the remaining portion of the image according to the color dropout function; and thresholding the gray scale values obtained from the previous steps to obtain a binary image that substantially eliminates color classification error which retains character integrity by a functional transformation that suppresses color fringe artifacts.

摘要翻译： 一种用于在数字化文档上执行色差的方法，所述方法包括以下步骤：从所述数字化文档获得用于背景的颜色值和对用户感兴趣的颜色; 根据色差函数将背景颜色值和感兴趣的颜色变换为相同的灰度值; 根据色差函数获得与图像剩余部分相同的灰度值不同的灰度值; 并且阈值化从先前步骤获得的灰度值，以获得基本上消除通过抑制彩色条纹伪像的功能变换来保持字符完整性的颜色分类误差的二值图像。

公开(公告)号：US06873728B2

公开(公告)日：2005-03-29

申请号：US10050207

申请日：2002-01-16

申请人： Lawrence J. Bernstein ,  Yongchun Lee

发明人： Lawrence J. Bernstein ,  Yongchun Lee

IPC分类号： G06T5/00 ,  H04N1/403 ,  H04N1/409 ,  G06K9/00

CPC分类号： H04N1/4097

摘要： A vertical black line removal system (VBLR) is adapted to remove unwanted vertical lines produced on scanned document images by dust or other particles on the imaging apparatus. The VBLR system, placed in a document scanner after the binarization equipment, creates a stored histogram table including the difference values of “1” or “0” for the first and second image data. A vertical black line search processor compares each histogram value in the histogram table with a predetermined threshold value such that when the histogram value is greater than the threshold value the histogram value and the image address indicating the location of defect are stored in memory. An image readout then creates a corrected image by comparing each original image address with the stored defect image addresses so that when there is not a match with defect image addresses the first binary image value is output, and when the addresses are equal the difference value is analyzed for a “1” or “0” to determine when the first or second image data is to be output.

摘要翻译： 垂直黑线去除系统（VBLR）适于通过成像设备上的灰尘或其他颗粒去除扫描的文档图像上产生的不需要的垂直线。 在二值化设备之后放置在文档扫描器中的VBLR系统创建包括第一和第二图像数据的“1”或“0”的差值的存储的直方图表。 垂直黑线搜索处理器将直方图表中的每个直方图值与预定阈值进行比较，使得当直方图值大于阈值时，直方图值和指示缺陷位置的图像地址被存储在存储器中。 图像读出然后通过将每个原始图像地址与存储的缺陷图像地址进行比较来创建校正图像，使得当与缺陷图像地址不匹配时输出第一二值图像值，并且当地址相等时，差值为 分析“1”或“0”以确定何时输出第一或第二图像数据。

公开(公告)号：US5583659A

公开(公告)日：1996-12-10

申请号：US338051

申请日：1994-11-10

申请人： Yongchun Lee ,  Joseph M. Basile ,  Peter Rudak

发明人： Yongchun Lee ,  Joseph M. Basile ,  Peter Rudak

IPC分类号： G06K9/40 ,  G06K9/38 ,  G06T5/00 ,  H04N1/403 ,  H04N1/405 ,  H04N1/40

CPC分类号： G06K9/38 ,  G06T7/0081 ,  G06K2209/01 ,  G06T2207/10008 ,  G06T2207/30176

摘要： A technique, specifically apparatus and an accompanying method, for accurately thresholding an image based on local image properties, specifically luminance variations, and particularly such a technique that uses multi-windowing for providing enhanced immunity to image noise and lessened boundary artifacts. Specifically, a localized intensity gradient, G(i,j), is determined for a pre-defined window (300) centered about each image pixel (i, j ) . Localized minimum and maximum pixel intensity measures, L.sub.min and L.sub.max, respectively, are also determined for another, though larger, window (330) centered about pixel (i,j). Also, a localized area gradient measure, GS(i,j), is determined as a sum of individual intensity gradients for a matrix of pixel positions (370) centered about pixel position (i,j). Each image pixel (i,j) is then classified as being an object pixel, i.e., black, or a background pixel, i.e., white, based upon its area gradient, GS (i,j), and associated L.sub.min and L.sub.max measures.

摘要翻译： 一种用于基于局部图像特性（特别是亮度变化）精确地阈值化图像的技术，特别是使用多窗口来提供对图像噪声的增强的抗扰性和减少的边界伪影的技术。 具体地，针对以每个图像像素（i，j）为中心的预定窗口（300）确定局部强度梯度G（i，j）。 对于以像素（i，j）为中心的另一个较大的窗口（330），也分别确定了局部最小和最大像素强度测量值Lmin和Lmax。 此外，局部区域梯度测量GS（i，j）被确定为以像素位置（i，j）为中心的像素位置（370）的矩阵的各个强度梯度的和。 然后根据其面积梯度GS（i，j）和相关联的Lmin和Lmax度量，将每个图像像素（i，j）分类为对象像素，即黑色或背景像素，即白色。

公开(公告)号：US06317223B1

公开(公告)日：2001-11-13

申请号：US09211600

申请日：1998-12-14

申请人： Peter Rudak ,  Yongchun Lee ,  James M. Stefanko

发明人： Peter Rudak ,  Yongchun Lee ,  James M. Stefanko

IPC分类号： G06T550

CPC分类号： H04N1/4097

摘要： A digital image processing system applies an edge-based adaptive thresholding technique with different contrast parameters to convert an image into first and second binary images. In the digital processing system of the invention, the first and second binary images are compared and a map of the difference between the first and second binary images is generated. A vertical profile of this map is projected and local peaks in the vertical profile which correspond to a vertical pattern or artifact in the map is detected. Pixels in the first binary image are reversed based on the vertical pattern or artifact in the map. This system is effective in reducing vertical artifacts produced by scanners.

摘要翻译： 数字图像处理系统将具有不同对比度参数的基于边缘的自适应阈值技术应用于将图像转换为第一和第二二进制图像。 在本发明的数字处理系统中，比较第一和第二二进制图像并生成第一和第二二进制图像之间的差异的映射。 投影该地图的垂直剖面，并检测对应于地图中的垂直图案或伪影的垂直剖面中的局部峰值。 基于地图中的垂直图案或伪像，第一个二进制图像中的像素被颠倒。 该系统有效减少扫描仪产生的垂直伪影。

公开(公告)号：US5054098A

公开(公告)日：1991-10-01

申请号：US526426

申请日：1990-05-21

申请人： Yongchun Lee

发明人： Yongchun Lee

IPC分类号： H04N1/41 ,  G06K9/32 ,  G06T3/00 ,  G06T7/60

CPC分类号： G06K9/3283 ,  G06K2209/01

摘要： Document contour vectorization and the use of a modified Hough transform are used in combination to detect the skew angle of a digitized form image so that image skew may then be corrected in the preprocessing of form images prior to document analysis and classification.

摘要翻译： 结合使用文档轮廓矢量化和修改的霍夫变换的使用来检测数字化形式图像的偏斜角度，从而可以在文档分析和分类之前在形式图像的预处理中校正图像偏斜。

公开(公告)号：US5048099A

公开(公告)日：1991-09-10

申请号：US526425

申请日：1990-05-21

申请人： Yongchun Lee

发明人： Yongchun Lee

IPC分类号： G06K9/20 ,  G06K9/48 ,  G06T7/60

CPC分类号： G06K9/48 ,  G06K9/2018 ,  G06K9/2054 ,  G06K2209/01

摘要： A threshold free algorithm is used to extract text in a region which has been circled with any hand drawn shape of any size that consitutes a closed curve. Use of this technique allows an operator to select intensity regions in text material in a paper-based document and automate the extraction of the enclosed text in the digitized image of the document.

摘要翻译： 一个无阈值算法用于提取一个区域中的文本，该区域已经用任何尺寸的任何手绘形状进行了圆圈，这些形状构成了一个闭合曲线。 使用这种技术允许操作者在基于纸张的文档中选择文本材料中的强度区域并且自动地在文档的数字化图像中提取所包含的文本。

公开(公告)号：US20070253040A1

公开(公告)日：2007-11-01

申请号：US11414747

申请日：2006-04-28

申请人： Yongchun Lee ,  George Hadgis ,  Mark Rzadca

发明人： Yongchun Lee ,  George Hadgis ,  Mark Rzadca

IPC分类号： G03F3/08

CPC分类号： H04N1/403 ,  G06K9/38 ,  H04N1/40012

摘要： A method for obtaining bitonal image data from a document obtains scanned color image data from at least two color channels and identifies, in the scanned color image data, at least one region of interest (R1) containing foreground content and background content. At least one threshold data value is obtained according to an image attribute that differs between the foreground content and the background content within the region of interest (R1). The scanned color image data of the document is converted to bitonal image data according to the at least one threshold data value obtained from the region of interest (R1).

摘要翻译： 从文件获得双色图像数据的方法从至少两个颜色通道获得扫描的彩色图像数据，并在扫描的彩色图像数据中识别包含前景内容和背景内容的至少一个感兴趣区域（R 1）。 根据在感兴趣区域（R 1）中的前景内容和背景内容之间不同的图像属性获得至少一个阈值数据值。 根据从感兴趣区域（R 1）获得的至少一个阈值数据值，将文档的扫描彩色图像数据转换为双色图像数据。

公开(公告)号：US06924909B2

公开(公告)日：2005-08-02

申请号：US09789103

申请日：2001-02-20

申请人： Yongchun Lee ,  George O. Simmons ,  James R. Pamper ,  Wenjin Zhou

发明人： Yongchun Lee ,  George O. Simmons ,  James R. Pamper ,  Wenjin Zhou

IPC分类号： G06T1/00 ,  G06T7/00 ,  G06T7/40 ,  H04N1/48 ,  H04N1/60 ,  H04N1/62 ,  G06F15/00 ,  G06K1/00

CPC分类号： H04N1/6005 ,  H04N1/62

摘要： A scanner for digitizing a document includes a digitizer for digitizing the document into a first color space; a circuit for converting the digitized data into a second color space having a luminance channel and two chrominance channels; a multiplexer having text, approximate actual color of a uniform area and a predetermined color as input for selecting either the text, approximate actual color or the predetermined color as outputs; and multiplexer control input which determines which of the outputs will be selected as actual output based on a uniform area of the document.

摘要翻译： 用于数字化文档的扫描仪包括用于将文档数字化为第一颜色空间的数字化仪; 用于将数字化数据转换成具有亮度通道和两个色度通道的第二颜色空间的电路; 具有文本，均匀区域的近似实际颜色和作为用于选择文本，近似实际颜色或预定颜色作为输出的输入的预定颜色的多路复用器; 以及多路复用器控制输入，其基于文档的统一区域确定将哪个输出选择为实际输出。

公开(公告)号：US06757426B2

公开(公告)日：2004-06-29

申请号：US09813481

申请日：2001-03-21

申请人： Bruce A. Link ,  Yongchun Lee ,  Wenjin Zhou ,  John J. Alescio

发明人： Bruce A. Link ,  Yongchun Lee ,  Wenjin Zhou ,  John J. Alescio

IPC分类号： G06K900

CPC分类号： G06K9/2018

摘要： An automatic method for processing a color form includes: a) scanning the color form in color space, forming a digital color image, and converting the digital color image into a two-dimensional binary image in chrominance space; and b) conducting a color form dropout process. Also, an automatic color dropout system includes: 1) a color detection system, including means for: (1a) scanning a color document and providing a digital image; (1b) converting the color digital image into luminance-chrominance space; (1c) detecting a background gray level, and assigning it to a Background Value; (1d) measuring color distribution; (1e) detecting the colors present; (1f) generating a color dropout table for each color; and 2) a color dropout system, including means for: (2a) scanning a color form document and providing a digital image; (2b) converting the digital image into luminance-chrominance space; (2c/d) storing and accessing the color dropout table; (2e) applying a color dropout map to the digital image; and (2f) replacing a pixel value with the Background Value.

摘要翻译： 一种用于处理颜色形式的自动方法包括：a）在彩色空间中扫描颜色形式，形成数字彩色图像，并将数字彩色图像转换为色度空间中的二维二值图像; 和b）进行颜色形式的退出处理。 此外，自动色差系统包括：1）颜色检测系统，包括：（1a）扫描彩色文档并提供数字图像的装置; （1b）将彩色数字图像转换成亮度色度空间; （1c）检测背景灰度级，并将其分配给背景值; （1d）测量颜色分布; （1e）检测存在的颜色; （1f）为每种颜色生成色差表; 以及2）色差系统，包括用于：（2a）扫描彩色表格文件并提供数字图像的装置; （2b）将数字图像转换成亮度色度空间; （2c / d）存储和访问色差表; （2e）将色差图应用于数字图像; 和（2f）用背景值替换像素值。