摘要:
There is disclosed an atrial defibrillator including a lead system for sensing activity of a heart in or near at least on atrium of the heart, a detector for detecting atrial events from the sensed atrial activity, and a cardioverter for applying cardioverting electrical energy to the atria of the heart when the atria are in need of cardioversion. A timer determines time spans between successive detected atrial events and an inhibit stage precludes the cardioverter from applying cardioverting energy to the heart when a time span is greater than a predetermined limit.
摘要:
A defibrillation system for providing post-cardiac surgery atrial cardioversion includes a lead system having defibrillation electrodes for electrical contact with the heart beneath the skin of a patient and a non-implantable external defibrillator for providing defibrillation electrical energy. An interface unit is coupled between the external defibrillator and the lead system and includes an attenuator circuit for attenuating the defibrillation electrical energy provided by the external defibrillator.
摘要:
An implantable atrial defibrillator applies cardioverting electrical energy to the atria of a human heart in response to detection of an atrial fibrillation episode and stores selected data associated with the detected atrial fibrillation episode. The atrial defibrillator includes a cardiovertor which provides successive applications of cardioverting electrical energy to the atria of the heart until one of the pulses successfully cardioverts the atria. A memory system stores selected heart activity data in connection with the detected episode including heart activity data related to initial detection of the atrial fibrillation episode and heart activity data occurring from before and until after the application of the cardioverting electrical energy which successfully cardioverts the atria of the heart.
摘要:
An implantable atrial defibrillator provides a pulse of defibrillating electrical energy to the atria of the heart in synchronism with sensed R waves in response to non-coincident sensing of an R wave at first and second areas of the heart. The defibrillating pulse is provided after a predetermined number of consecutive R waves are non-coincidently sensed to assure reliable synchronization. The atrial defibrillator is also operational in a marker mode wherein a number of synchronization marker pulses are delivered to the heart for detection on an externally generated electrocardiogram. The atrial fibrillation detector of the defibrillator is normally disabled and is activated when the sensed ventricular activity indicates a probability of atrial fibrillation to conserve a depletable power source. An endocardial lead is also described which ensures that the delivered atrial defibrillating electrical energy is substantially confined to the atria of the heart.
摘要:
An apparatus reliably detects a depolarization activation wave of the heart. The apparatus includes a sensor in electrical contact with the heart for sensing electrical activity of the heart and including an amplifier for amplifying the sensed electrical activity according to a variable gain and providing a signal corresponding to the depolarization activation wave. The apparatus further includes an output circuit coupled to the sensor for producing an electrical output corresponding to the depolarization activation wave sensed by the sensor when the signal exceeds a threshold. The apparatus still further includes a control circuit coupled to the sensor and the output circuit for varying at least one of the gain and the threshold to maintain a predetermined sense margin between the sensed electrical activity and the gain and the threshold.
摘要:
An implantable atrial defibrillator provides a pulse of defibrillating electrical energy to the atria of the heart in synchronism with sensed R waves in response to non-coincident sensing of an R wave at first and second areas of the heart. The defibrillating pulse is provided after a predetermined number of consecutive R waves are non-coincidently sensed to assure reliable synchronization. The atrial defibrillator is also operational in a marker mode wherein a number of synchronization marker pulses are delivered to the heart for detection on an externally generated electrocardiogram. The atrial fibrillation detector of the defibrillator is normally disabled and is activated when the sensed ventricular activity indicates a probability of atrial fibrillation to conserve a depletable power source. A plurality of lead systems are also described for use with the atrial defibrillator which reduce the quantity of electrical energy required to defibrillate the heart and ensure that the delivered atrial defibrillating electrical energy is substantially confined to the atria of the heart.
摘要:
An implantable atrial defibrillator provides a pulse of defibrillating electrical energy to the atria of the heart in synchronism with sensed R waves in response to non-coincident sensing of an R wave at first and second areas of the heart. The defibrillating pulse is provided after a predetermined number of consecutive R waves are non-coincidently sensed to assure reliable synchronization. The atrial defibrillator is also operational in a marker mode wherein a number of synchronization marker pulses are delivered to the heart for detection on an externally generated electrocardiogram. The atrial fibrillation detector of the defibrillator is normally disabled and is activated when the sensed ventricular activity indicates a probability of atrial fibrillation to conserve a depletable power source. An endocardial lead is also described which ensures that the delivered atrial defibrillating electrical energy is substantially confined to the atria of the heart.
摘要:
An implantable device assists in the diagnosis of myocardial ischemia of a human heart and includes a plurality of electrodes and a like plurality of sense amplifiers for generating an electrogram for each of the electrodes. A digital to analog converter reads the voltage magnitudes of the electrogram ST segments which are then stored in a memory. An implantable receiver/transmitter is arranged to transmit the magnitudes of the electrogram ST segments to a nonimplanted external receiver.
摘要:
A method is provided for removing an implanted cardiac lead having a lead body and at least one conductive electrode from a mammalian body. The method includes the steps of providing an indifferent electrode, establishing electrical contact between the indifferent electrode and the body, and providing a generator of electrical energy. The method further includes the steps of coupling the generator between the conductive electrode and the indifferent electrodes and causing the generator to apply electrical energy between the conductive electrode and the indifferent electrode. The energy has a magnitude sufficient to produce gas by electrolysis between the conductive electrode and fibrotic tissue grown around the electrode. Thereafter, the lead body is pulled in an anterior direction relative to the mammalian body to remove the cardiac lead from the mammalian body.
摘要:
A defibrillator system includes an implantable defibrillator and a non-implantable external receiver. The implantable defibrillator includes a first sense channel for generating a first electrogram and a second sense channel for generating a second electrogram. The defibrillator further includes a cardioverter for applying cardioverting electrical energy to the heart and a transmitter for transmitting the first and second electrograms. The non-implantable receiver includes a display for simultaneously displaying the first and second electrograms. The implantable defibrillator may further include an event detector having a threshold for detecting cardiac events in one of the electrograms and an event marker generator for generating an event marker for each detected cardiac event. The transmitter transmits the event detection markers and the display displays the event detection markers and the thresholds with the corresponding electrogram.