公开(公告)号：US08034168B2

公开(公告)日：2011-10-11

申请号：US13092489

申请日：2011-04-22

申请人： Johannes G. Wijmans ,  Timothy C Merkel ,  Richard W. Baker

发明人： Johannes G. Wijmans ,  Timothy C Merkel ,  Richard W. Baker

IPC分类号： B01D53/22

CPC分类号： B01D53/225 ,  B01D53/229 ,  B01D2257/504 ,  Y02C10/10

摘要： Disclosed herein are combustion systems and power plants that incorporate sweep-based membrane separation units to remove carbon dioxide from combustion gases. In its most basic embodiment, the invention is a combustion system that includes three discrete units: a combustion unit, a carbon dioxide capture unit, and a sweep-based membrane separation unit. In a preferred embodiment, the invention is a power plant including a combustion unit, a power generation system, a carbon dioxide capture unit, and a sweep-based membrane separation unit. In both of these embodiments, the carbon dioxide capture unit and the sweep-based membrane separation unit are configured to be operated in parallel, by which we mean that each unit is adapted to receive exhaust gases from the combustion unit without such gases first passing through the other unit.

摘要翻译： 本文公开了燃烧系统和发电厂，其包括基于扫掠的膜分离单元以从燃烧气体中除去二氧化碳。 在其最基本的实施方案中，本发明是一种燃烧系统，其包括三个分立的单元：燃烧单元，二氧化碳捕获单元和基于扫掠的膜分离单元。 在优选实施例中，本发明是一种发电厂，其包括燃烧单元，发电系统，二氧化碳捕获单元和基于扫掠的膜分离单元。 在这两个实施例中，二氧化碳捕获单元和基于扫掠的膜分离单元被构造成并行操作，我们意味着每个单元适于接收来自燃烧单元的废气，而没有这样的气体首先通过 另一个单位。

公开(公告)号：US07615104B2

公开(公告)日：2009-11-10

申请号：US11265845

申请日：2005-11-03

申请人： Haralambos Cordatos ,  Louis J. Spadaccini ,  Ingo Pinnau

发明人： Haralambos Cordatos ,  Louis J. Spadaccini ,  Ingo Pinnau

IPC分类号： B01D53/22

CPC分类号： B01D69/12 ,  B01D19/0031 ,  B01D53/228 ,  B01D63/082 ,  B01D65/08 ,  B01D69/06 ,  B01D71/32 ,  B01D2321/02 ,  B64D37/32 ,  Y02T50/44

摘要： A fuel system for an energy conversion device includes a deoxygenator system with an oxygen permeable membrane formed from a multiple of layers. The layers include a sealant layer, an oxygen permeability layer and a porous backing layer. The layered composite oxygen permeable membrane maximizes the oxygen transfer rate and minimizes the fuel leakage rate.

摘要翻译： 用于能量转换装置的燃料系统包括具有由多层形成的透氧膜的脱氧器系统。 这些层包括密封剂层，氧气渗透层和多孔背衬层。 层状复合透氧膜使氧气传输速率最大化，并使燃油泄漏率最小化。

公开(公告)号：US5071451A

公开(公告)日：1991-12-10

申请号：US635919

申请日：1990-12-28

申请人： Johannes G. Wijmans

发明人： Johannes G. Wijmans

IPC分类号： B01D1/00 ,  B01D53/22

CPC分类号： B01D53/225 ,  B01D53/229

摘要： A membrane process and system for removing condensable vapors from gas streams is disclosed. The process includes a membrane separation step and a condensation or other recovery step. An auxiliary membrane module or set of modules is installed across the pump and condenser on the downstream side of the main membrane unit. This module takes as its feed the vent gas from the condenser, and returns a vapor-enriched stream upstream of the pump and condenser. The module can be sized to produce a discharge stream containing the vapor in about the same concentration as the feed to be treated. This discharge stream can then be mixed with the feed without adverse effect on the efficiency of the system.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于从气流中除去可冷凝蒸气的膜工艺和系统。 该方法包括膜分离步骤和冷凝或其它回收步骤。 辅助膜组件或一组模块安装在主膜单元下游侧的泵​​和冷凝器两侧。 该模块将来自冷凝器的排出气体作为其进料，并且在泵和冷凝器的上游返回富蒸气流。 该模块的尺寸可以制成含有与待处理饲料大致相同浓度的蒸气的排放流。 然后可以将该排出流与进料混合，而不会对系统的效率产生不同的影响。

公开(公告)号：US5044166A

公开(公告)日：1991-09-03

申请号：US488730

申请日：1990-03-05

申请人： Johannes G. Wijmans ,  Richard W. Baker

发明人： Johannes G. Wijmans ,  Richard W. Baker

IPC分类号： B01D53/22 ,  F25B43/04

CPC分类号： B01D53/22 ,  F25B43/043

摘要： A refrigeration process including a refrigeration cycle, and refrigerant purge and recovery operations is disclosed. The refrigeration cycle may be a vapor compression cycle or an absorption cycle, for example. A purge stream is withdrawn from the refrigeration cycle and subjected to treatment by means of a membrane separation unit. The purge-stream treatment operation produces an essentially pure refrigerant stream, suitable for return to the refrigeration cycle, and an air stream, clean enough for direct discharge to the atmosphere. The process is applicable to most refrigerants, but is particularly useful in minimizing atmospheric emissions of chlorofluorocarbons, such as CFC-11 and CFC-12.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种包括制冷循环和制冷剂清洗和回收操作的制冷过程。 例如，制冷循环可以是蒸气压缩循环或吸收循环。 吹扫流从制冷循环中取出并通过膜分离单元进行处理。 吹扫流处理操作产生适合于返回到制冷循环的基本上纯的制冷剂流，以及足够清洁以直接排放到大气中的空气流。 该方法适用于大多数制冷剂，但特别适用于最大限度地减少氟氯化碳（如CFC-11和CFC-12）的大气排放。

公开(公告)号：US5024594A

公开(公告)日：1991-06-18

申请号：US438527

申请日：1989-11-17

申请人： Amulya L. Athayde ,  Richard W. Baker

发明人： Amulya L. Athayde ,  Richard W. Baker

IPC分类号： A41D31/00 ,  A62B17/00 ,  A62D5/00 ,  B32B7/02

CPC分类号： A62B17/00 ,  A41D31/0011 ,  A62D5/00 ,  B32B7/02 ,  Y10S2/90 ,  Y10S428/913 ,  Y10S428/919 ,  Y10T428/249978 ,  Y10T428/249979 ,  Y10T428/24998 ,  Y10T428/26 ,  Y10T428/3154 ,  Y10T428/31544 ,  Y10T428/31663 ,  Y10T442/2066 ,  Y10T442/2148 ,  Y10T442/2508 ,  Y10T442/2893

摘要： A protective material having a membrane layer and a sorbent layer. The membrane is a thin-film composite membrane permeable to water vapor but relatively impermeable to organic vapors. The sorbent layer includes activated carbon or other sorbent or reactive material, and captures traces of organic vapor that permeate the membrane layer. The material is particularly useful in intermediate-level protective clothing.

摘要翻译： 具有膜层和吸附剂层的保护材料。 该膜是可渗透水蒸汽但对有机蒸气相对不透的薄膜复合膜。 吸附剂层包括活性炭或其它吸附剂或反应性材料，并捕获透过膜层的痕量的有机蒸气。 该材料在中级防护服中特别有用。

公开(公告)号：US4871378A

公开(公告)日：1989-10-03

申请号：US131875

申请日：1987-12-11

申请人： Ingo Pinnau

发明人： Ingo Pinnau

IPC分类号： B01D69/10 ,  B01D69/12 ,  B01D71/22 ,  B01D71/26

CPC分类号： B01D71/22 ,  B01D69/10 ,  B01D69/12 ,  B01D71/26

摘要： An ultrathin, permselective membrane for use in gas or vapor separations. The membrane comprises a permselective layer of ethylcellulose in combination with one or more permselective layers of poly(4-methylpentene-1). The permselective membrane is preferably coated onto a microporous substrate, such as an asymmetric Loeb-Sourirajan type membrane. The resulting membrane has high gas fluxes and selectivities, and can be used, for example, to separate oxygen and nitrogen; hydrogen sulfide from nitrogen, methane or carbon dioxide; hydrogen from nitrogen; sulfur dioxide or ammonia from nitrogen; or water vapor from air. A method of preparing such a membrane is also provided, as is a gas separation process using the membrane.

摘要翻译： 用于气体或蒸气分离的超薄，选择性选择膜。 膜包括与一种或多种聚（4-甲基戊烯-1）的选择性选择层组合的乙基纤维素的选择性选择层。 选择性选择性膜优选涂覆在微孔基材上，例如不对称的Loeb-Sourirajan型膜。 所得的膜具有高的气体通量和选择性，并且可以用于例如分离氧和氮; 氮气中的硫化氢，甲烷或二氧化碳; 来自氮气的氢气; 来自氮气的二氧化硫或氨; 或来自空气的水蒸气。 还提供了制备这种膜的方法，以及使用该膜的气体分离方法。

公开(公告)号：US08128733B2

公开(公告)日：2012-03-06

申请号：US12454084

申请日：2009-05-11

申请人： Johannes G. Wijmans ,  Timothy C. Merkel ,  Haiqing Lin ,  Scott Thompson ,  Ramin Daniels

发明人： Johannes G. Wijmans ,  Timothy C. Merkel ,  Haiqing Lin ,  Scott Thompson ,  Ramin Daniels

IPC分类号： B01D53/22

CPC分类号： B01D53/22 ,  B01D2256/22 ,  B01D2257/504 ,  Y02C10/04 ,  Y02C10/10 ,  Y02E50/346 ,  Y10S585/903

摘要： A membrane-based gas separation process for treating gas streams that contain methane in low concentrations. The invention involves flowing the stream to be treated across the feed side of a membrane and flowing a sweep gas stream, usually air, across the permeate side. Carbon dioxide permeates the membrane preferentially and is picked up in the sweep air stream on the permeate side; oxygen permeates in the other direction and is picked up in the methane-containing stream. The resulting residue stream is enriched in methane as well as oxygen and has an EMC value enabling it to be either flared or combusted by mixing with ordinary air.

摘要翻译： 用于处理含有低浓度甲烷的气流的膜基气体分离方法。 本发明涉及使待处理的物流在膜的进料侧流动并使吹扫气流（通常为空气）流过渗透侧。 二氧化碳优先渗透膜，并在渗透侧的吹扫空气流中被吸收; 氧在另一个方向渗透，并被吸收在含甲烷的物流中。 所得的残留物流富含甲烷和氧气，并具有使其能够通过与普通空气混合而扩口或燃烧的EMC值。

公开(公告)号：US5089033A

公开(公告)日：1992-02-18

申请号：US649305

申请日：1991-01-30

申请人： Johannes G. Wijmans

发明人： Johannes G. Wijmans

IPC分类号： B01D53/22 ,  B01D71/24

CPC分类号： B01D53/22

摘要： A process for treating a gas stream to remove or recover a condensable component. The process involves a condensation step and a membrane concentration step. The condensation step may be followed by the membrane step, or vice versa. The process can be designed to yield only two product streams: one, the condensed liquid, ready for use, reuse or discard, and two, a residue gas stream, which in most cases will be clean enough for direct discharge or reuse. This result is achieved by recycling other streams within the process. Recovery of 90% or more of the condensable component can be achieved. The process offers substantially energy savings compared with condensation alone.

摘要翻译： 一种处理气流以除去或回收可冷凝组分的方法。 该方法包括缩合步骤和膜浓缩步骤。 缩合步骤之后可以是膜步骤，反之亦然。 该方法可以设计成仅产生两种产物流：一种是冷凝液体，即可使用，再利用或丢弃，以及二种残留气流，其在大多数情况下将足够清洁以便直接排放或再利用。 这个结果是通过回收过程中的其他流来实现的。 可以实现90％以上的可冷凝成分的回收。 与单独的冷凝相比，该方法提供了显着的节能。

公开(公告)号：US5082471A

公开(公告)日：1992-01-21

申请号：US597714

申请日：1990-10-15

申请人： Amulya L. Athayde ,  Johannes G. Wijmans ,  Richard W. Baker

发明人： Amulya L. Athayde ,  Johannes G. Wijmans ,  Richard W. Baker

IPC分类号： B01D53/22

CPC分类号： B01D53/229 ,  Y02C10/08

摘要： A life-support system including a shelter, combined with equipment for sustaining a breathable atmosphere within the shelter. The breathable atmosphere is sustained by providing a supply of fresh air to the shelter, and removing carbon dioxide from the shelter. To provide the air supply, air containing a toxic agent is fed to a membrane separation unit. The membrane unit has a high selectivity to the permeation of oxygen over toxic agent and produces an oxygen-enriched permeate stream, while rejecting almost all of the toxic agent. The oxygen-enriched air is then passed through a unit containing a sorbent, such as activated carbon, to remove any remaining traces of toxic material before being fed to the shelter. The carbon dioxide content of the shelter air is kept below 1% either by sweeping the carbon dioxide away by maintaining a relatively high flow of air into and out of the shelter, or by withdrawing air from the shelter, treating it in a separate unit of equipment to remove carbon dioxide, and then returning the treated air to the shelter.

摘要翻译： 一个生命支持系统，包括一个避难所，结合在住房内维持透气气氛的设备。 通过向收容所提供新鲜空气并从避难所中除去二氧化碳来维持透气的气氛。 为了提供空气供应，含有毒性剂的空气被供给到膜分离单元。 膜单元对氧气渗透的毒性剂具有高选择性，并产生富氧渗透物流，同时排除几乎所有的毒物。 然后，将富氧空气通过含有吸附剂（例如活性炭）的单元，以在进料到避难所之前除去任何剩余痕量的有毒物质。 遮蔽空气的二氧化碳含量保持在1％以下，方法是将二氧化碳吹扫通过保持相对较高的空气流入和离开避难所，或者从收容所中抽出空气，将其分开处理 设备去除二氧化碳，然后将经处理的空气返回到收容所。

公开(公告)号：US4857078A

公开(公告)日：1989-08-15

申请号：US139914

申请日：1987-12-31

申请人： Kenneth G. Watler

发明人： Kenneth G. Watler

IPC分类号： B01D53/22 ,  B01D71/24 ,  C10G5/00

CPC分类号： C10G5/00 ,  B01D53/22 ,  B01D71/24

摘要： A process for separating ethane and other higher hydrocarbons from a natural or produced gas stream, having methane as its major constituent. A rubbery permselective membrane, having a propane/methane selectivity of 8 or above, is contacted on its feed side with a gas mixture typically containing methane, ethane, propane, butane, and small amounts of other hydrocarbons, water vapor, hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide. Carbon dioxide, water vapor, ethane and the other higher hydrocarbons permeate preferentially through the membrane, and the retentate stream is correspondingly enriched in methane.

摘要翻译： 从天然或生产的气流中分离乙烷和其他高级烃的方法，其中甲烷为主要成分。 具有8或更高的丙烷/甲烷选择性的橡胶渗透选择性膜在其进料侧与通常含有甲烷，乙烷，丙烷，丁烷和少量其它烃，水蒸汽，硫化氢和碳的气体混合物接触 二氧化碳 二氧化碳，水蒸气，乙烷和其他高级烃优先通过膜渗透，并且滞留物流相应地富含甲烷。