公开(公告)号：US6149592A

公开(公告)日：2000-11-21

申请号：US980171

申请日：1997-11-26

申请人： Jeffrey H. Yanof ,  Pieter Gerhard Roos ,  Kenneth L. Freeman ,  Joseph S. Deucher ,  Andrew J. Ivan ,  Dominic J. Heuscher

发明人： Jeffrey H. Yanof ,  Pieter Gerhard Roos ,  Kenneth L. Freeman ,  Joseph S. Deucher ,  Andrew J. Ivan ,  Dominic J. Heuscher

IPC分类号： G01B15/00 ,  A61B6/03 ,  A61B6/12 ,  A61B19/00 ,  G06T1/00 ,  H04N7/18 ,  A61B5/00

CPC分类号： A61B90/36 ,  A61B6/027 ,  A61B6/584

摘要： A patient supported on a patient support (12) is moved into a bore (22) of a planning imaging device, such as a CT scanner (20). A three-dimensional diagnostic image in three-dimensional diagnostic image space is generated and stored in a memory (130). The patient is repositioned outside of the bore with a region of interest in alignment with a real time imaging device, such as a fluoroscopic imaging device (40). A surgical planning instrument (60), such as a pointer or biopsy needle (62), is mounted on an articulated arm (64). As the instrument is inserted into the region of interest, fluoroscopic images are generated and stored in a memory (140). The coordinate systems of the CT scanner, the fluoroscopic device, and the surgical instrument are correlated (102, 104, 112, 120) such that the instrument is displayed on both the CT images (134) and the fluoroscopic images (50), such that cursors move concurrently along the fluoroscopic and CT images, and the like. In a preferred embodiment in which the cursor on the CT image display is at an intersection of transverse, sagittal, and coronal planes, the displayed planes change as the cursor moves coordinating the displayed CT image planes with the position of the cursor on the fluoroscopic image.

摘要翻译： 支撑在患者支架（12）上的患者被移动到诸如CT扫描器（20）的规划成像装置的孔（22）中。 生成三维诊断图像空间中的三维诊断图像并将其存储在存储器（130）中。 将患者重新定位在具有与实时成像装置（例如透视成像装置（40））对准的感兴趣区域的孔外。 诸如指针或活检针（62）的手术计划仪器（60）安装在关节臂（64）上。 当仪器被插入到感兴趣的区域中时，产生荧光图像并将其存储在存储器（140）中。 CT扫描仪，荧光检查装置和手术器械的坐标系相关（102,104,112,120），使得仪器显示在CT图像（134）和透视图像（50）两者上 该光标沿荧光镜和CT图像同时移动等。 在CT图像显示器上的光标位于横向，矢状和冠状平面的交叉处的优选实施例中，随着光标移动，显示的平面随着光标在荧光镜图像上的位置协调所显示的CT图像平面而变化 。

公开(公告)号：US06114701A

公开(公告)日：2000-09-05

申请号：US360898

申请日：1999-07-26

申请人： Steven J. Plummer ,  Jacin C. Barnes

发明人： Steven J. Plummer ,  Jacin C. Barnes

IPC分类号： G01T1/161 ,  G01T1/164 ,  G01T1/166

CPC分类号： G01T1/1642 ,  A61B6/4258 ,  A61B6/037

摘要： A transformable gamma camera includes detectors mounted for circumferential movement with respect to a rotating gantry. The rotating gantry includes radial bores at desired angular positions about the rotating gantry. The stationary gantry includes a docking station such as a bore. A coupling mechanism allows the detectors to be coupled to the bores in the rotating gantry or to the docking station. Each of the detectors is movable radially with respect to the rotating gantry's axis of rotation and tangentially to the imaging region. The gamma camera is readily transformable between 120 degree, orthogonal, and opposed detector configurations; a plurality of aperture sizes can also be defined.

摘要翻译： 可变形伽马照相机包括相对于旋转机架周向运动的检测器。 旋转机架包括围绕旋转机架的所需角度位置处的径向孔。 固定机架包括一个对接站，如孔。 联接机构允许检测器联接到旋转机架中的孔或对接站。 每个检测器相对于旋转机架的旋转轴线和切向于成像区域径向移动。 伽马相机容易在120度，正交和相对的检测器配置之间转换; 也可以定义多个孔径尺寸。

公开(公告)号：US6078639A

公开(公告)日：2000-06-20

申请号：US979996

申请日：1997-11-26

申请人： Dominic J. Heuscher

发明人： Dominic J. Heuscher

IPC分类号： A61B6/03 ,  G06T1/00 ,  G06T11/00 ,  H04N7/18

CPC分类号： G06T11/006 ,  G06T2211/428 ,  Y10S378/901

摘要： A continuous CT scanner (10) for producing real time images includes a stationary gantry portion (12) having an examination region (14) and a rotating gantry portion (20) for continuous rotation about the examination region (14). Mounted to the rotating gantry portion (20) is an imaging x-ray source (22) which produces a fan-shaped x-ray beam (24) having a plurality of rays through the examination region (14). A plurality of radiation detectors (28) are mounted to one of the rotating and stationary gantry portions (20, 12) and are arranged to receive rays of the fan-shaped x-ray beam (24) after the rays have passed through the examination region (14). The plurality of radiation detectors (28) converts detected radiation into electronic data wherein the electronic data includes a plurality of data lines in a fan beam format. A rebinning processor (30) interpolates the electronic data from the fan-beam format to a parallel-beam format. A reconstruction processor (50) then convolves and backprojects the electronic data to form in real time an image representation of a subject (52) within the examination region (14). The increased data collection rate and data processing rates allow for real time image updating.

摘要翻译： 一种用于产生实时图像的连续CT扫描器（10）包括具有检查区域（14）和用于围绕检查区域（14）连续旋转的旋转台​​架部分（20）的固定台架部分（12）。 安装到旋转台架部分（20）的成像x射线源（22）产生具有穿过检查区域（14）的多条光线的扇形X射线束（24）。 多个辐射检测器（28）安装在旋转和静止台架部分（20,12）中的一个上，并且布置成在光线通过检查之后接收扇形X射线束（24）的射线 区域（14）。 多个辐射检测器（28）将检测到的辐射转换成电子数据，其中电子数据包括扇形波束格式的多条数据线。 重组处理器（30）将来自风扇光束格式的电子数据内插到并行光束格式。 然后，重构处理器（50）对电子数据进行卷积并反向投影以实时形成检查区域（14）内的对象（52）的图像表示。 增加的数据收集速率和数据处理速率允许实时图像更新。

公开(公告)号：US6064208A

公开(公告)日：2000-05-16

申请号：US53933

申请日：1998-04-02

申请人： Michael Steckner

发明人： Michael Steckner

IPC分类号： A61B5/055 ,  G01R33/387 ,  G01R33/3875 ,  G01V3/00

CPC分类号： G01R33/3875

摘要： A method for shimming main magnetic field in a magnetic resonance imaging apparatus is provided. The method includes generating a radio frequency pulse sequence (200) while a subject is in an examination region (14) of the magnetic resonance imaging apparatus. A reference signal (EC1) which is immune to shim errors is then acquired. Thereafter, a field echo (EC3a) signal is acquired which is sensitive to shim errors. The field echo (EC3a) signal is acquired at a timed interval (T) equal to a multiple of an amount of time it takes for fat and water signals to become in phase. The temporal position of the maximum of the field echo signal is compared to its predicted temporal position (EC3) relative to the reference signal (EC1). The shim term is calculated based on the preceding comparison and an electrical current is applied to one of a gradient offset and a shim coil such that the main magnetic field is adjusted according to the shim term.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于在磁共振成像装置中调整主磁场的方法。 该方法包括当受试者在磁共振成像设备的检查区域（14）中时产生射频脉冲序列（200）。 然后获得免疫垫片错误的参考信号（EC1）。 此后，获得对垫片错误敏感的场回波（EC3a）信号。 以等于脂肪和水信号变为同相的时间量的倍数的时间间隔（T）获取场回波（EC3a）信号。 将场回波信号的最大值的时间位置与其相对于参考信号（EC1）的预测时间位置（EC3）进行比较。 基于上述比较计算垫片项，并且将电流施加到梯度偏移和垫片线圈中的一个，使得主磁场根据垫片项被调整。

公开(公告)号：US6060712A

公开(公告)日：2000-05-09

申请号：US18609

申请日：1998-02-04

申请人： Hugh T. Morgan ,  Gregory G. Cooley ,  Bryce G. Thornton ,  Steven J. Plummer

发明人： Hugh T. Morgan ,  Gregory G. Cooley ,  Bryce G. Thornton ,  Steven J. Plummer

IPC分类号： G01T1/161 ,  G01T1/164 ,  G01T1/166

CPC分类号： G01T1/1615 ,  G01T1/1642 ,  G01T1/1648 ,  A61B6/037

摘要： A gamma camera system includes two or more radiation detector heads and which are mounted opposite each other to a gantry for rotation about a subject. A transmission radiation source assembly is mounted to the front face of at least one of the detectors and can be moved across the face of the detector. The source assembly includes a radiation attenuating housing, a leaded bronze source holder, and a radionuclide source. The radionuclide source is retained in a longitudinal groove disposed in the source holder. The source holder may be rotated into open, closed, and access positions. The transmission radiation emitted by the source assembly is directed across the examination region, attenuated by the subject, and detected by the opposed detector. The gamma camera system also includes a filter which selectively attenuates the transmission radiation to obtain a desired attenuation profile which prevents saturation of the opposed detector. The filter includes at least one layer of radiation attenuating material of uniform thickness but varying in width in a direction substantially parallel to a direction of motion of the source assembly. An image representation is reconstructed using the radiation emitted by the subject and corrected in accordance with the transmitted radiation data.

摘要翻译： γ相机系统包括两个或更多个辐射探测器头，并且彼此相对地安装到用于围绕被摄体旋转的台架。 透射辐射源组件安装到至少一个检测器的前表面，并且可以跨越检测器的表面移动。 源组件包括辐射衰减壳体，引线青铜源支架和放射性核素源。 放射性核素源保持在设置在源保持器中的纵向槽中。 源保持器可以旋转到打开，关闭和访问位置。 由源组件发射的透射辐射被引导穿过检查区域，被对象衰减，并由相对的检测器检测。 伽马相机系统还包括滤波器，其选择性地衰减透射辐射以获得期望的衰减分布，其防止相对的检测器的饱和。 该过滤器包括至少一层均匀厚度的辐射衰减材料层，但在基本上平行于源组件的运动方向的方向上宽度不同。 使用由对象发射并根据所发射的辐射数据进行校正的重建图像表示。

公开(公告)号：US6044129A

公开(公告)日：2000-03-28

申请号：US975727

申请日：1997-11-21

申请人： Lester D. Miller ,  James E. Burke ,  Donald F. Decou, Jr.

发明人： Lester D. Miller ,  James E. Burke ,  Donald F. Decou, Jr.

IPC分类号： H01J35/04 ,  H01J35/20

CPC分类号： H01J35/20 ,  H01J35/04

摘要： An x-ray tube includes an anode, a cathode, and an electrode disposed in an evacuated envelope. The electrode is positioned such that the electrode is remote from an area in immediate proximity to the envelope. An electric field defined by electrode is of sufficient strength such that arcing preferentially occurs between the electrode and the anode as opposed to occurring between the cathode and anode. The electrode is further situated such that metal sputtered from the electrode substantially falls in a define region on the anode and serves as an active getter for pumping gas from the envelope. The electrode is composed of an active metal which, upon being passively heated by the anode, also acts as a getter material to aid in pumping gas from the envelope.

摘要翻译： X射线管包括阳极，阴极和设置在抽真空的外壳中的电极。 电极被定位成使得电极远离紧邻信封的区域。 由电极限定的电场具有足够的强度，使得在电极和阳极之间优先发生电弧，而不是发生在阴极和阳极之间。 电极进一步定位成使得从电极溅射的金属基本上落在阳极上的限定区域中，并且用作用于从封套泵送气体的主动吸气剂。 电极由活性金属组成，其在被阳极被动加热时也用作吸气剂材料以有助于从封套泵送气体。

公开(公告)号：US6043654A

公开(公告)日：2000-03-28

申请号：US970192

申请日：1997-11-14

申请人： Kecheng Liu ,  Yansun Xu ,  Mark J. Loncar

发明人： Kecheng Liu ,  Yansun Xu ,  Mark J. Loncar

IPC分类号： G01R33/48 ,  A61B5/055 ,  G01R33/54 ,  G01R33/561 ,  G01V3/00

CPC分类号： G01R33/4835 ,  G01R33/5615

摘要： Resonance is excited in a first slab (12) and manipulated to generate a plurality of data lines (16, 18) which span a fraction of k-space, e.g. a quarter of the phase encoding steps along a y-direction. Resonance is then excited in a second slab (22) displaced from the first slab and another series of data lines are generated. A resonance is excited and data lines generated in a plurality of additional slabs (32, 42). A resonance is excited in a slab (52) which partially overlaps the slab (12), e.g., has three of four slices in common. A series of data lines in the slab (52) are phase encoded with a different fraction of k-space. Two sets of differently phase encoded data sets have been generated in the example of FIGS. 2a and 2b. This process is cyclically repeated exciting in slabs which partially overlap proceedingly generated slabs, each time generating a different fraction of the data lines until a completed set of data is generated in an extended volume larger than one slab, slices 4-16 in the example of FIGS. 2a and 2b.

摘要翻译： 谐振在第一平板（12）中被激励，并被操纵以产生跨越k空间的一部分的多个数据线（16,18），例如。 沿y方向的四分之一的相位编码步骤。 然后在从第一平板移位的第二平板（22）中激发共振，并产生另一系列数据线。 激励谐振，并在多个附加板（32,42）中产生数据线。 在与板坯（12）部分重叠的板坯（52）中激发谐振，例如共有四个切片中的三个。 平板（52）中的一系列数据线以不同分数的k空间进行相位编码。 在图1和图2的示例中已经生成了两组不同相位编码的数据集。 2a和2b。 该过程在板坯中周期性地重复激励，板坯部分地重叠进行生产的板坯，每次产生数据线的不同部分，直到在大于一个板坯的扩展体积中产生完整的数据集合，在示例中的切片4-16 图 2a和2b。

公开(公告)号：US6041100A

公开(公告)日：2000-03-21

申请号：US063073

申请日：1998-04-21

申请人： Lester D. Miller ,  Mark S. Maska ,  Andrew R. Kaczmarek, Jr.

发明人： Lester D. Miller ,  Mark S. Maska ,  Andrew R. Kaczmarek, Jr.

IPC分类号： H01J35/10 ,  H05G1/02

CPC分类号： H01J35/101 ,  H05G1/02 ,  H05G1/025 ,  H01J2235/1208

摘要： An x-ray tube is disposed within an x-ray tube housing defining a chamber filled with oil or other cooling medium for cooling the x-ray tube. The x-ray tube includes an envelope enclosing an evacuated chamber in which an anode assembly is rotatably mounted to a bearing assembly and interacts with a cathode assembly for production of x-rays. The bearing assembly includes a bearing housing and a plurality of bearings disposed on a surface of the bearing housing. A heat sink is coupled to the bearing assembly and provides a thermally conductive path between the bearing assembly and the cooling medium in the x-ray tube housing for providing direct cooling of the bearing assembly during operation.

摘要翻译： X射线管设置在X射线管壳体内，限定了填充有用于冷却X射线管的油或其它冷却介质的腔室。 X射线管包括封闭真空室的封套，其中阳极组件可旋转地安装到轴承组件上，并与阴极组件相互作用以产生x射线。 轴承组件包括轴承壳体和设置在轴承壳体的表面上的多个轴承。 散热器联接到轴承组件并且在轴承组件和X射线管壳体中的冷却介质之间提供导热路径，用于在运行期间提供对轴承组件的直接冷却。

公开(公告)号：US5999837A

公开(公告)日：1999-12-07

申请号：US938209

申请日：1997-09-26

申请人： Dale A. Messner ,  John D. Schellenberg ,  Patrick A. Dayton

发明人： Dale A. Messner ,  John D. Schellenberg ,  Patrick A. Dayton

IPC分类号： A61B19/00 ,  G02B21/00 ,  A61B6/00

CPC分类号： G02B21/0012 ,  A61B2090/3945 ,  A61B2090/3983 ,  A61B90/20

摘要： A microscope calibrator probe includes a handle, a tool head connected to the handle, a viewable target connected to an end of the tool head opposite the handle, and three or more position signaling devices disposed on the handle for tracking the probe in an image guided surgery system. The tool head includes a bend of approximately 90 degrees to provide easy placement of the viewable target on an object being viewed below a microscope. Other angles for the bend are also acceptable. A precise location of the object being viewed is determined by sensing a location the three or more position signaling devices disposed on the handle with respect to an operating room reference frame and knowing an offset between the position signaling devices and a bottom surface of the viewable target in contact with the object. Additionally, the viewable target includes a viewable aperture for calibrating a line of sight of the microscope and a means for indicating a rotational sense of the viewable target.

摘要翻译： 显微镜校准器探针包括手柄，连接到手柄的工具头，连接到与手柄相对的工具头的端部的可视目标，以及设置在手柄上的三个或更多个位置信号装置，用于在图像引导中跟踪探针 手术系统。 工具头包括大约90度的弯曲部，以便可视对象容易地放置在显微镜下面观察的物体上。 弯曲的其他角度也是可以接受的。 通过感测相对于手术室参考系而设置在手柄上的三个或更多个位置信号装置的位置并且知道位置信号装置与可视目标的底面之间的偏移来确定被观察对象的精确位置 与物体接触。 此外，可视对象包括用于校准显微镜的视线的可视光圈和用于指示可视对象的旋转感的装置。

公开(公告)号：US5987960A

公开(公告)日：1999-11-23

申请号：US938210

申请日：1997-09-26

申请人： Dale A. Messner ,  Patrick A. Dayton

发明人： Dale A. Messner ,  Patrick A. Dayton

IPC分类号： A61B10/02 ,  A61B17/00 ,  A61B19/00 ,  G01C17/38

CPC分类号： A61B17/00 ,  A61B34/20 ,  A61B2017/00725 ,  A61B2034/107 ,  A61B2034/2055 ,  A61B2034/2068 ,  A61B2034/207 ,  A61B2090/3983

摘要： A tool calibrator includes two portions shaped to slidably engage and secure a tool in a desired position. The tool is secured by a series of staggered V shaped grooves on each of the two portions having a known geometrical relationship with a diameter of a tool head of the tool. The tool calibrator further includes at least one position signaling device for communicating a location of the tool calibrator in an operating room or other area. A position and direction of a tip of the tool is determined by comparing a location of the tool secured within the tool calibrator to the location of each of the two portions. Further, based on the location of each of the two portions, the diameter of the tool head is calculated.

摘要翻译： 工具校准器包括成形为可滑动地将工具固定在期望位置的两个部分。 该工具通过在工具的工具头的直径上具有已知几何关系的两个部分中的每一个上的一系列交错的V形凹槽固定。 工具校准器还包括至少一个位置信号装置，用于在手术室或其他区域中传送工具校准器的位置。 通过将固定在工具校准器内的工具的位置与两个部分中的每一个的位置进行比较来确定工具尖端的位置和方向。 此外，基于两个部分中的每一个的位置，计算工具头的直径。