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    Enzyme method of manufacturing gelatin
    2.
    发明授权
    Enzyme method of manufacturing gelatin 失效
    制造明胶的酶法

    公开(公告)号：US6100381A

    公开(公告)日：2000-08-08

    申请号：US185440

    申请日：1998-11-03

    申请人： Anne G. Rowlands ,  Deborah J. Burrows

    发明人： Anne G. Rowlands ,  Deborah J. Burrows

    IPC分类号： A23J1/10 ,  C09H3/00 ,  C07K1/00 ,  C07K14/00

    CPC分类号： C09H3/00 ,  A23J1/10

    摘要： The present invention is a process for the manufacture of gelatin which includes providing a collagen containing material and demineralizing the collagen containing material to produce ossein. An enzyme solution containing protease at a concentration of at least 10 ppb is added to the ossein for a time sufficient to solubilize the ossein to produce a solution containing the gelatin at a weight percent of from 0.5 to 6 and at a predetermined viscosity.

    摘要翻译： 本发明是一种制造明胶的方法，其包括提供含胶原的材料并使含胶原蛋白质软化以产生骨胶原。 将含有至少10ppb浓度的蛋白酶的酶溶液加入到骨胶原中足以溶解骨粘连蛋白的时间，以产生以0.5至6的重量百分数和预定粘度的含有明胶的溶液。

    Collagen or gelatin crumble composition and uses
    3.
    发明授权
    Collagen or gelatin crumble composition and uses 失效
    胶原蛋白或明胶粉碎成分及用途

    公开(公告)号：US6090915A

    公开(公告)日：2000-07-18

    申请号：US730927

    申请日：1996-10-18

    申请人： Richard M. Herreid

    发明人： Richard M. Herreid

    IPC分类号： A23J1/10 ,  A23J3/06 ,  A61K47/42 ,  C08K3/10 ,  C08L89/00 ,  C08L89/06 ,  C09H3/00 ,  C09J189/06 ,  C07K14/00 ,  B22C1/00 ,  C07K14/78

    CPC分类号： A23J3/06 ,  A23J1/10 ,  C08L89/06 ,  C09H3/00 ,  C09J189/06

    摘要： An animal collagen or gelatin based crumble, and processes for the preparation of the particulate crumble, are useful in the preparation of collagen or gelatin based compositions. The crumble is prepared by extracting animal collagen from an animal tissue source and combining the collagen with sufficient water to form a composition comprising about 15-45 wt % animal collagen and about 0.01-5 wt % of a stabilizer or preservative. Such a combination of materials can be solidified and then processed into a large particulate format. The large particulate comprises a, regular or amorphous shaped, roughly crumbled or roughly divided, crumble product. The typical particle size of a majority of the crumble is about 0.2-5 cm. The crumble is easily manufactured, packaged, stored, handled and distributed. The crumble can be easily used as is. The material melts easily into a use locus. The crumble is also particularly adapted to a use in combination with an aqueous diluent to form an aqueous animal collagen or gelatin solution that have a variety of uses. The aqueous solution of the crumble can be made with minimal heating to dissolve the crumble in the aqueous liquid.

    摘要翻译： 基于胶原蛋白或明胶的粉碎物以及用于制备颗粒粉碎的方法可用于制备基于胶原或明胶的组合物。 通过从动物组织来源提取动物胶原蛋白并将胶原蛋白与足够的水组合以形成包含约15-45重量％的动物胶原和约0.01-5重量％的稳定剂或防腐剂的组合物来制备粉碎物。 这种材料的组合可以固化，然后加工成大颗粒形式。 大颗粒包括一种规则的或无定型的，大致粉碎的或大致分开的粉碎产品。 大部分破碎物的典型粒径约为0.2-5厘米。 崩溃易于制造，包装，储存，处理和分发。 崩溃也可以轻松使用。 材料易于熔化成使用场所。 粉碎也特别适用于与水性稀释剂组合使用以形成具有各种用途的水性动物胶原或明胶溶液。 粉碎的水溶液可以以最小的加热进行，以溶解在水性液体中的碎屑。

    Gelatin and method of manufacture
    4.
    发明授权
    Gelatin and method of manufacture 失效
    明胶及其制造方法

    公开(公告)号：US6080843A

    公开(公告)日：2000-06-27

    申请号：US185441

    申请日：1998-11-03

    申请人： Robert F. Rainville ,  Anne G. Rowlands ,  Deborah J. Burrows ,  Peter Noble

    发明人： Robert F. Rainville ,  Anne G. Rowlands ,  Deborah J. Burrows ,  Peter Noble

    IPC分类号： C09H3/00 ,  C12P21/06 ,  C07K1/00 ,  C07K14/00

    CPC分类号： C12P21/06 ,  C09H3/00

    摘要： The present invention is a gelatin composed of a high molecular weight fraction (>250,000) of from 0 to 25 wt %, a beta fraction (150,000-250,000) of from 0 to 20 wt % and an alpha fraction (50,000-150,000) of from 15 to 55 wt %. The gelatin has a Gel strength of from 150 to 350 g Bloom and a concentration of protease of greater than 10 ppb and an absorbance of at least 0.069 at 420 nm. The present invention also is a process for the manufacture of photographic gelatin. The process begins by liquefying or slurrying the residual ossein. Protease is added to the gelatin solution or ossein slurry to a concentration of at least 10 ppb to form a mixture. The mixture is reacted for a time sufficient to achieve a viscosity of less than 9 cps (6.16% gel concentration at 104.degree. F.) and the protease is inactivated. The mixture is clarified to form a gelatin solution wherein the gelatin is of high quality.

    摘要翻译： 本发明是由0〜25重量％的高分子量级分（> 250,000），0〜20重量％的β馏分（150,000〜250,000），α分数（50,000〜150,000） 15〜55重量％。 明胶的凝胶强度为150-350g Bloom，蛋白酶浓度大于10ppb，吸光度在420nm处为0.069以上。 本发明也是制造照相明胶的方法。 该过程开始于将残留的骨胶蛋白液化或浆化。 将蛋白酶加入到明胶溶液或骨胶浆中至至少10ppb的浓度以形成混合物。 使混合物反应一段足以实现小于9cps的粘度（在104°F时为6.16％凝胶浓度），并使蛋白酶失活。 将混合物澄清以形成明胶，其中明胶是高质量的。

    Process for the production of gelatin from fish skins
    5.
    发明授权
    Process for the production of gelatin from fish skins 失效
    从鱼皮生产明胶的工艺

    公开(公告)号：US5093474A

    公开(公告)日：1992-03-03

    申请号：US338595

    申请日：1989-04-12

    申请人： Shlomo Grossman ,  Margalit Bergman

    发明人： Shlomo Grossman ,  Margalit Bergman

    IPC分类号： A23J1/10 ,  C07K1/14 ,  C07K14/78 ,  C09H3/00 ,  C09H3/02

    CPC分类号： C09H3/00 ,  C09H3/02 ,  Y10S530/857

    摘要： A process for the production of gelatin from fish skins comprises the steps of: (a) cleaning the skins in order to remove therefrom substantially all superfluous material; (b) treating with dilute aqueous alkali; (c) washing with water until the washing water is substantially neutral; (d) treating with dilute aqueous mineral acid; (e) washing with water until the washing water is substantially neutral; (f) treating with dilute aqueous citric acid and/or another suitable organic acid; (g) washing with water until the washing water is substantially neutral; and (h) extracting with water at elevated temperatures not above about 55.degree. c., the washed citric acid-treated skins. In practice, the present process employs much lower temperatures than known heretofore for the treatment steps, which results in a high quality product (e.g. absence of a fishy smell), compared with the prior art.

    摘要翻译： 从鱼皮生产明胶的方法包括以下步骤：（a）清洁皮肤以便从其中除去基本上所有的多余材料; （b）用稀碱水处理; （c）用水洗涤直到洗涤水基本上为中性; （d）用稀无机酸水溶液处理; （e）用水洗涤直到洗涤水基本上为中性; （f）用稀柠檬酸水溶液和/或其它合适的有机酸处理; （g）用水洗涤直到洗涤水基本上为中性; 和（h）在不高于约55℃的高温下用水萃取，经洗涤的柠檬酸处理的皮肤。 在实践中，与现有技术相比，本方法使用的温度比迄今为止已知的处理步骤低得多，这导致高质量的产品（例如没有鱼腥味）。

    Process for obtaining gelatin
    6.
    发明授权
    Process for obtaining gelatin 失效
    获得明胶的方法

    公开(公告)号：US4176117A

    公开(公告)日：1979-11-27

    申请号：US828991

    申请日：1977-08-30

    申请人： Leon Oudem

    发明人： Leon Oudem

    IPC分类号： C09H1/04 ,  C09H3/00 ,  C09H9/02 ,  C09H7/00 ,  A23J1/10

    CPC分类号： C09H9/02 ,  C09H1/04 ,  C09H3/00

    摘要： The invention relates to the manufacture of gelatin, whereby the gelatin is obtained from fresh derms removed from scraps of hides, sinews and tendons within the three hours following the slaughter of the animal; these materials are collected together and washed in cold water then in a solution of dilute sodium hydroxide, subjected to a mechanical separation of fibres until they are reduced to paste, they are then washed several times in cold water in order to eliminate the albumin of the blood, the paste thus washed and rinsed is filtered by pressing until a cake is obtained which is formed of pure collagen; said latter may be stored after dehydration for an indefinite length of time; it may then be subjected to the final cooking, producing a gelatin broth subjected to gelling on a conveyor belt circulating in a chamber maintained at 5.degree. C. and associated with a drying chamber provided with a blower and in which the film of gelatin is conveyed on conveyor belts, the film being wound on a reel on leaving the drying chamber.

    摘要翻译： 本发明涉及明胶的制造，其中明胶从屠宰动物后3小时内从皮革边缘，筋骨和腱上除去的新鲜皮肤获得; 将这些材料收集在一起并在冷水中然后在稀氢氧化钠溶液中洗涤，进行纤维的机械分离直到它们被还原成糊状物，然后在冷水中洗涤数次，以便除去 通过压制过滤洗涤和漂洗的浆料，直到获得由纯胶原形成的蛋糕; 后者可以在脱水后无限期地储存; 然后可以进行最后的烹饪，产生在保持在5℃的室中循环的输送带上胶凝的明胶肉汤，并且与设置有鼓风机的干燥室相关联，并且其中明胶膜被输送 在输送带上，胶片在离开干燥室时卷绕在卷轴上。

    Process of preparing freeze-dried gelatin
    7.
    发明授权
    Process of preparing freeze-dried gelatin 失效
    制备冷冻干燥明胶的方法

    公开(公告)号：US3892876A

    公开(公告)日：1975-07-01

    申请号：US30978372

    申请日：1972-11-27

    申请人： LEINER & SONS WALES LIMITED P

    发明人： HOBDAY TREVOR MAURICE NORWOOD ,  JORDAN GRAHAM WILLIAM

    IPC分类号： A23J1/10 ,  C09H3/00

    CPC分类号： C09H3/00 ,  A23J1/10

    摘要： The solubility of gelatin in water at temperatures of the order of 15*C to 20*C is substantially improved by effecting a rapid freezing of an aqueous gelatin sol containing at least 10 percent w/w of gelatin, and then subjecting the frozen gelatin sol to an accelerated freeze-drying process before any melting of the frozen aqueous gelatin sol is permitted. The method, which is capable of operation on a commercial scale, includes an essential step of rapid freezing by spraying the aqueous gelatin sol on to a refrigerated surface whilst maintaining relative movement between the spray and the refrigerated surface, so that sprayed particles of sol freeze directly to the refrigerated surface. The frozen aqueous gelatin sol is then removed from the refrigerated surface before that surface is subjected to further spraying of the sol.

    摘要翻译： 通过快速冷冻含有至少10％w / w明胶的含水明胶溶剂，明胶在15℃至20℃的温度下在水中的溶解度得到显着改善，然后使冷冻的明胶溶胶 在允许冷冻含水明胶溶胶的任何熔融之前加速冷冻干燥过程。 能够以商业规模操作的方法包括通过将水性明胶溶胶喷雾到冷藏表面上而快速冷冻的基本步骤，同时保持喷雾和冷藏表面之间的相对运动，使得溶胶的喷雾颗粒冷冻 直接到冷藏表面。 然后将冷冻的含水明胶溶胶从冷藏表面除去，然后再进一步喷涂溶胶。