摘要:
Mechanical acoustic actuators and methods for using these actuators to generate controlled acoustic signals to measure silent or quiet parameters are provided. One example method includes using fluid flows (whistle) and/or mechanical shocks between solids (bells) to stimulate the actuators, either proportionally from the parameter targeted for measurement or artificially modulated to create emitters. Some aspects provide for usage of the actuators within an oil and gas well or a fluid conduit, including in combination with arrays of acoustic sensors, to perform sonar array processing monitoring of acoustic wave propagation to derive properties of the media traversed.
摘要:
A differential pressure transmitter, a pneumatically operated square root extracting device therefor and methods of making the same are provided, the transmitter comprising a unit for producing an output pneumatic signal from a pneumatic source in relation to the air velocity pressure of air flowing in a passage, a unit that senses the difference between the total pressure and the static pressure of the air flowing in the passage, and a unit for extracting the square root of the air velocity pressure of the air from the pneumatic output signal as the pneumatic output signal is being produced so that the pneumatic output signal is substantially linear with respect to the air velocity of the air flow in the passage whereby the transmitter comprises a linear air velocity transmitter, the unit for extracting the square root comprising a cam having a cam face that defines at least part of the involute of a circle.
摘要:
A self-draining transmitter mount head includes a head body with a transmitter process coupling port in the head body, an impulse port in the head body, and an impulse passage coupled to the impulse port. An impulse drain passage is coupled between the pressure transmitter port and the impulse passage. The impulse drain passage is positioned at an angle to the impulse passage, and relative to a head installation angle that positions the impulse drain passage to drain away from the transmitter process coupling port through a range of head installation angles.
摘要:
A balancing valve for adjusting the flow rate of a fluid flowing inside a pipe from upstream to downstream in a longitudinal direction of flow. The balancing valve includes: a check valve and a tubular element simulating a Venturi tube, said valve and element being coaxially connected, respectively, from upstream to downstream in the longitudinal direction of flow of the fluid; a device for detecting the difference in pressure which occurs inside the valve; a valve for adjusting the flow rate of the fluid which flows inside the pipe; wherein: the detection device is arranged between the inside of a first upstream chamber of the check valve and the inside of a central cylindrical portion of the tubular element.
摘要:
Methods and apparatus for the metering of two-component, single-phase fluid flow. A primary element of a differential pressure flow meter is used as a joint mixer and flow meter. Diagnostic techniques can be applied to detect and help determine the cause of erroneous meter readings. A volume meter can also be provided downstream of the differential pressure meter, and the respective outputs can be cross-referenced to produce a mass flow rate, volume flow rate and density output with no prior knowledge of fluid density required.
摘要:
A nozzle pitot primary for effectively sensing and measuring differential or velocity pressure of a system of air or gas flowing within a duct or conduit. By determining differential or velocity pressure, it is appreciated that the air or gas flow can be readily determined. The nozzle pitot primary of the present invention comprises a nozzle designed to be installed within a duct or conduit with the nozzle including a constricting throat area relative to the duct or conduit in which the same is installed. Air or gas passing through the duct or conduit is directed through the nozzle so as to produce a generally uniform and predictable velocity profile within the nozzle downstream from the throat area therein. An array of static and total pressure pitots are provided in association with the nozzle and are spaced inwardly across a constricted area where the velocity profile is relatively uniform. Because of the relative uniform velocity profile about the area of the pitots, it follows that an accurate indication of fluid flow can be determined without the necessity of sensing differential pressure at multiple points across the nozzle's cross sectional area.