公开(公告)号：US20180231457A1

公开(公告)日：2018-08-16

申请号：US15751454

申请日：2016-08-29

Applicant: APPLE INC.

Inventor： Robert CHEN ,  Trent D. RIDDER ,  Miikka M. KANGAS ,  David I. SIMON ,  Matthew A. TERREL

IPC: G01N21/27 ,  G01N21/31

CPC classification number: G01N21/274 ,  G01N21/31 ,  G01N2201/124 ,  G01N2201/12723 ,  G01N2201/12776

Abstract: Methods and systems for measurement time distribution for referencing schemes are disclosed. The disclosed methods and systems can be capable of dynamically changing the measurement time distribution based on the sample signal, reference signal, noise levels, and SNR. The methods and systems can be configured with a plurality of measurement states, including a sample measurement state, reference measurement state, and dark measurement state. In some examples, the measurement time distribution scheme can be based on the operating wavelength, the measurement location at the sampling interface, and/or targeted SNR. Examples of the disclosure further include systems and methods for measuring the different measurement states concurrently. Moreover, the systems and methods can include a high-frequency detector to eliminate or reduce decorrelated noise fluctuations that can lower the SNR.

公开(公告)号：US06310337B1

公开(公告)日：2001-10-30

申请号：US09366247

申请日：1999-08-03

Applicant: Joseph M. Chiapperi ,  Donald M. Josephson ,  Stuart G. MacDonald

Inventor： Joseph M. Chiapperi ,  Donald M. Josephson ,  Stuart G. MacDonald

IPC: G01J132

CPC classification number: G01J3/10 ,  G01N21/274 ,  G01N2021/3174 ,  G01N2201/0694 ,  G01N2201/1241 ,  G01N2201/12776

Abstract: A method of detecting an optical change in a series of test assays producing detectable results at varying efficiencies, the method comprising the steps of: a) selecting a test assay from the series, the selected assay having a known end-point photoresponse efficiency and a known filter center wavelength; b) providing a variable-intensity flash lamp illuminator comprising a lamp, a set of multiple filters with pre-selected center wavelengths assigned to particular assays, and a circuit for activating the lamp and comprising a capacitor, a power source, and a variable output voltage converter connected to the source and having its variable voltage output connected across the capacitor, the lamp and the filters providing a known level of system efficiency as a function of the center wavelength of the filter; c) providing a predetermined relationship of levels of illuminating intensities from the lamp as a function of photoresponse efficiencies of the assays and the system efficiencies, in which the photoresponse efficiencies of the assays are inversely proportional to the lamp intensities and the intensities are proportional to the square of the voltages applied to the lamp; d) selecting from the relationship a voltage applied to the lamp, and hence an intensity of the lamp, that corresponds to the known photoresponse efficiency of the assay selected in step (a) and its system efficiency based upon the filter center wavelength for the assay; and e) thereafter exposing the assay to the selected illuminating intensity.

Abstract translation: 一种检测一系列测试测定中的光学变化的方法，其以不同的效率产生可检测的结果，所述方法包括以下步骤：a）从该系列中选择测试测定，所选择的测定具有已知的终点光响应效率和 已知滤波器中心波长; b）提供可变强度的闪光灯照明器，其包括灯，一组具有分配给特定测定的预选中心波长的多个滤光器，以及用于激活灯的电路，并且包括电容器，电源和可变输出 电压转换器连接到源极并且具有连接在电容器两端的可变电压输出，灯和滤波器提供作为滤波器的中心波长的函数的已知的系统效率水平; c）提供来自灯的照明强度水平的预定关系作为测定的光响应效率和系统效率的函数，其中测定的光响应效率与灯的强度成反比，并且强度与 施加到灯的电压的平方; d）从所述关系中选择对应于步骤（a）中选择的测定的已知光响应效率的灯施加的电压，并因此选择灯的强度，并且基于用于测定的滤波器中心波长的系统效率 ; 和e）然后将测定暴露于所选择的照射强度。