公开(公告)号：US09850750B1

公开(公告)日：2017-12-26

申请号：US15184810

申请日：2016-06-16

Applicant: BAKER HUGHES INCORPORATED

Inventor： Rocco DiFoggio

IPC: E21B47/00 ,  E21B47/12 ,  E21B47/18 ,  G01N29/24 ,  G01N21/954

CPC classification number: E21B47/0002 ,  E21B47/123 ,  E21B47/18 ,  G01N29/2418 ,  G01N29/4436 ,  G01N29/4472 ,  G01N2021/9544 ,  G01N2021/9546 ,  G01N2291/0224 ,  G01N2291/02809

Abstract: Methods, systems, devices, and products for evaluating a downhole fluid in a borehole intersecting an earth formation. Methods include using ultrasonic irradiation to produce sonoluminescence from cavitation in a volume of the fluid; obtaining spectral information from measurement of the sonoluminescence with a light-responsive device; and estimating a parameter of interest of the fluid from the spectral information. The parameter may be a composition of the fluid or concentration of: i) at least one chemical element in the volume; i) at least one molecular element in the volume. Methods include deconvolving a response spectrum by using one or more separately determined standard spectra, or estimating the parameter of interest using spectral lines represented by the spectral information. Methods may include using an optically transparent ultrasonic transducer to produce the cavitation at the interface of the transducer, with optically transparent ultrasonic transducer between the interface and the light-responsive device.

公开(公告)号：US09404890B2

公开(公告)日：2016-08-02

申请号：US13226444

申请日：2011-09-06

Applicant: Dipen N. Sinha ,  Curtis F. Osterhoudt ,  Anirban Chaudhuri

Inventor： Dipen N. Sinha ,  Curtis F. Osterhoudt ,  Anirban Chaudhuri

IPC: G01N29/024 ,  G01N29/34

CPC classification number: G01N29/024 ,  G01F1/74 ,  G01N29/222 ,  G01N29/348 ,  G01N29/4454 ,  G01N29/50 ,  G01N2291/0222 ,  G01N2291/0224 ,  G01N2291/048 ,  G01N2291/102

Abstract: A method for determining the composition of fluids flowing through pipes from noninvasive measurements of acoustic properties of the fluid is described. The method includes exciting a first transducer located on the external surface of the pipe through which the fluid under investigation is flowing, to generate an ultrasound chirp signal, as opposed to conventional pulses. The chirp signal is received by a second transducer disposed on the external surface of the pipe opposing the location of the first transducer, from which the transit time through the fluid is determined and the sound speed of the ultrasound in the fluid is calculated. The composition of a fluid is calculated from the sound speed therein. The fluid density may also be derived from measurements of sound attenuation. Several signal processing approaches are described for extracting the transit time information from the data with the effects of the pipe wall having been subtracted.

Abstract translation: 描述了通过流体的声学性质的非侵入性测量来确定流过管道的流体的组成的方法。 该方法包括激励位于管道的外表面上的第一传感器，所述第一传感器与被检流体正在流动，以产生与传统脉冲相反的超声线性调频脉冲信号。 啁啾信号被设置在与第一换能器的位置相对的管的外表面上的第二换能器接收，从该位置确定通过流体的通过时间，并计算流体中超声的声速。 从其中的声速计算流体的组成。 流体密度也可以从声衰减的测量中导出。 描述了几个信号处理方法，用于从已经减去管壁效应的数据中提取渡越时间信息。

公开(公告)号：US20160169839A1

公开(公告)日：2016-06-16

申请号：US14567944

申请日：2014-12-11

Applicant: Cameron International Corporation

Inventor： Emanuel Gottlieb ,  Donald Augenstein ,  Gary W. Sams

IPC: G01N29/02 ,  G01N29/26 ,  G01N29/36

CPC classification number: G01N29/02 ,  G01F22/00 ,  G01F23/2962 ,  G01N29/024 ,  G01N29/032 ,  G01N29/222 ,  G01N29/26 ,  G01N29/262 ,  G01N29/36 ,  G01N29/4418 ,  G01N2291/0224 ,  G01N2291/02818 ,  G01N2291/044 ,  G01N2291/106

Abstract: A system and method for detecting and locating the interface emulsion or rag layer in a separator vessel makes use of an acoustic property approach or an imaging approach. Both approaches use ranging and longitudinal mode reflectance and are non-ionizing. The signals are sent through the fluid medium residing in different zones of the vessel, not through the vessel wall or a probe surrounded by the fluid medium. The acoustic property approach uses differences in acoustic impedance between the oil, rag, and water layers that create an echo detected by transit time measurement. Also, the velocity of sound, density, viscosity and attenuation can be calculated for each fluid in order to determine whether the medium is oil, rag, or water. The imaging approach uses differences in amplitude reflectance at these interfaces to create a brightness mode image of the different layers by each amplitude mode scan line being added spatially.

Abstract translation: 用于检测和定位分离器容器中的界面乳液或抹布层的系统和方法利用声学特性方法或成像方法。 这两种方法都使用测距和纵模反射率，并且是非电离的。 信号通过位于容器的不同区域中的流体介质传送，而不是通过容器壁或由流体介质包围的探针。 声学特性方法使用油，抹布和水层之间的声阻抗差异，产生通过时间测量检测到的回波。 此外，可以计算每种流体的声速，密度，粘度和衰减速度，以确定介质是油，抹布还是水。 成像方法在这些界面处使用振幅反射率的差异，以便通过每个幅度模式扫描线在空间上增加不同层的亮度模式图像。

公开(公告)号：US20160047790A1

公开(公告)日：2016-02-18

申请号：US14818647

申请日：2015-08-05

Applicant: Roger Grant Gaughan ,  Manuel S. Alvarez ,  David John Abdallah ,  Christopher J. Wolfe

Inventor： Roger Grant Gaughan ,  Manuel S. Alvarez ,  David John Abdallah ,  Christopher J. Wolfe

IPC: G01N33/28 ,  G01N29/42

CPC classification number: G01N33/2823 ,  G01N29/022 ,  G01N29/036 ,  G01N29/4427 ,  G01N2291/014 ,  G01N2291/0224 ,  G01N2291/0426

Abstract: Methods are provided for characterizing the stability of a distillate fraction using a quartz crystal microbalance apparatus, such as a distillate fraction derived at least in part from a pre-refined crude oil. A sample can be aged for an aging period in a quartz crystal microbalance apparatus, and a frequency value for the sample in the quartz crystal microbalance apparatus can be determined before and after the aging period to determine a frequency difference. This frequency difference can be correlated directly with the ability of a jet fuel fraction to satisfy a stability test standard, such as a jet fuel breakpoint stability. The methods can also include using a temperature profile during characterization that can reduce or minimize operator error during the characterization.

Abstract translation: 提供了使用石英晶体微量天平装置表征馏出物馏分的稳定性的方法，例如至少部分地从预精制原油衍生的馏出物馏分。 可以在石英晶体微量天平装置中老化老化时间，并且可以在老化周期之前和之后确定石英晶体微量天平装置中的样品的频率值以确定频率差。 该频率差可以直接与喷气燃料馏分满足稳定性试验标准（例如喷气燃料断点稳定性）的能力相关联。 这些方法还可以包括在表征期间使用温度曲线，其可以在表征期间减少或最小化操作者误差。

公开(公告)号：US20150276445A1

公开(公告)日：2015-10-01

申请号：US14632069

申请日：2015-02-26

Applicant: Saudi Arabian Oil Company

Inventor： Michael John Black ,  Mohamed Nabil Noui-Mehidi ,  Talha Jamal Ahmad

IPC: G01F1/66 ,  G01F1/74 ,  G01F1/32

CPC classification number: G01F1/66 ,  G01F1/3209 ,  G01F1/3218 ,  G01F1/74 ,  G01N29/036 ,  G01N2291/017 ,  G01N2291/0222 ,  G01N2291/0224 ,  G01N2291/106

Abstract: Ultrasound tomography arrays and vortex shedding devices are provided which measure average flow velocity through Doppler shift of the fluid as well as cross sectional multiphase fluid composition in pipe or tubing conduits. Multiple tomographic arrays in conjunction with correlation of sensed flow patterns in time provided determination of flow velocity as well as cross sectional multiphase fluid composition. The tomographic arrays may be arranged in a skewed or slanted plane to measure velocity fluctuations downstream of a vortex shedding device where the period and amplitude of the fluctuations is correlated with the mass flow of the fluid. Additionally, the tomographic arrays provide the relative composition of the multiphase fluid. The multiple arrays together with correlation to determine velocity fluctuations downstream of a vortex shedding device where the period and amplitude of the fluctuations is correlated with the mass flow of the fluid. Additionally the tomographic arrays output the relative composition of the multiphase fluid.

Abstract translation: 提供超声断层扫描阵列和涡流脱落装置，其测量通过流体的多普勒偏移的平均流速以及管道或管道管道中的横截面多相流体组成。 多个断层扫描阵列结合随时间检测的流动模式的相关性，提供流速的确定以及横截面的多相流体组成。 断层扫描阵列可以布置在倾斜或倾斜的平面中，以测量涡流脱落装置下游的速度波动，其中波动的周期和幅度与流体的质量流量相关。 此外，断层扫描阵列提供多相流体的相对组成。 多个阵列连同相关以确定涡流脱落装置下游的速度波动，其中波动的周期和幅度与流体的质量流量相关。 此外，断层扫描阵列输出多相流体的相对组成。

公开(公告)号：US08820147B2

公开(公告)日：2014-09-02

申请号：US13226209

申请日：2011-09-06

Applicant: Dipen N. Sinha

Inventor： Dipen N. Sinha

IPC: G01N29/00

CPC classification number: G01N29/024 ,  G01F1/66 ,  G01F1/74 ,  G01F1/84 ,  G01F25/0007 ,  G01N29/032 ,  G01N29/222 ,  G01N29/348 ,  G01N2291/017 ,  G01N2291/0222 ,  G01N2291/0224 ,  G01N2291/02433 ,  G01N2291/0289 ,  G01N2291/048 ,  G01N2291/105

Abstract: A measurement system and method for permitting multiple independent measurements of several physical parameters of multiphase fluids flowing through pipes are described. Multiple acoustic transducers are placed in acoustic communication with or attached to the outside surface of a section of existing spool (metal pipe), typically less than 3 feet in length, for noninvasive measurements. Sound speed, sound attenuation, fluid density, fluid flow, container wall resonance characteristics, and Doppler measurements for gas volume fraction may be measured simultaneously by the system. Temperature measurements are made using a temperature sensor for oil-cut correction.

Abstract translation: 描述了允许多个独立测量流过管道的多相流体的多个物理参数的测量系统和方法。 多个声学换能器放置在与现有卷轴（金属管）的一部分的长度方面通常小于3英尺的部分的外表面声学连通或附着于非侵入式测量。 声速，声音衰减，流体密度，流体流量，容器壁共振特性和气体体积分数的多普勒测量可以由系统同时测量。 使用温度传感器对油切割校正进行温度测量。

公开(公告)号：US20130047710A1

公开(公告)日：2013-02-28

申请号：US13595929

申请日：2012-08-27

Applicant: Jeffrey Frederick Rhoads ,  Vjay Kumar

Inventor： Jeffrey Frederick Rhoads ,  Vjay Kumar

IPC: G01N29/02

CPC classification number: G01N29/022 ,  G01N29/036 ,  G01N29/4472 ,  G01N2291/0224 ,  G01N2291/02809

Abstract: Nonlinear sensors, which actively exploit dynamic transitions across sub-critical or saddlenode bifurcations in the device's frequency response, can exhibit improved performance metrics and operate effectively at smaller scales. This sensing approach directly exploits chemomechanically induced amplitude shifts for detection. Accordingly, it has the potential to eliminate the need for numerous power-consuming signal processing components in final sensor implementations. Various embodiments pertain to low-cost, linear and nonlinear bifurcation-based mass sensors founded upon selectively functionalized, piezoelectrically actuated microcantilevers. Yet other embodiments pertain to an amplitude-based sensing approach based upon dynamic transitions across saddle-node bifurcations that exist in a sensor's nonlinear frequency response.

Abstract translation: 非线性传感器可以在器件的频率响应中主动利用跨临界或者saddlenode分岔的动态转换，可以显示出改进的性能指标，并以更小的规模有效地进行操作。 该感测方法直接利用化学机械诱导的振幅移动进行检测。 因此，它有可能在最终的传感器实现中消除对大量功耗信号处理组件的需要。 各种实施例涉及基于选择性功能化的压电致动微悬臂梁的基于低成本，线性和非线性分叉的质量传感器。 其他实施例涉及基于幅度的感测方法，其基于存在于传感器的非线性频率响应中的跨越鞍形节点分叉的动态转换。

公开(公告)号：US20110153083A1

公开(公告)日：2011-06-23

申请号：US13002312

申请日：2009-07-09

Applicant: Bahman Tohidi ,  jinhai Yang ,  Antonin Chapoy

Inventor： Bahman Tohidi ,  jinhai Yang ,  Antonin Chapoy

IPC: G05B21/02 ,  G01N29/024 ,  G01N27/06 ,  G06F19/00

CPC classification number: G01N29/024 ,  G01N27/06 ,  G01N29/326 ,  G01N29/4481 ,  G01N2291/0215 ,  G01N2291/0224

Abstract: A method for analysing a fluid containing one or more analytes of interest includes; measuring a plurality of properties of a sample fluid with unknown concentrations of the one or more analytes of interest; and using the measurements and a model of the relationship between the plurality of properties and concentrations of the one or more analytes to calculate the concentration of at least one of the analytes of interest. The model may be an artificial neural network. The method may be used to monitor the concentration of inhibitors of gas hydrate formation in a fluid. Apparatus for use in the method is also provided.

Abstract translation: 用于分析含有一种或多种感兴趣的分析物的流体的方法包括： 测量具有未知浓度的一种或多种感兴趣分析物的样品液体的多种性质; 以及使用所述测量和所述一种或多种分析物的所述多种性质和浓度之间的关系的模型来计算所述目的物中至少一种分析物的浓度。 该模型可能是人造神经网络。 该方法可用于监测流体中天然气水合物形成抑制剂的浓度。 还提供了用于该方法的装置。

公开(公告)号：US20100268487A1

公开(公告)日：2010-10-21

申请号：US12829090

申请日：2010-07-01

Applicant: Yildirim HURMUZLU ,  Peter Antich ,  Ali Dogru ,  Edmond Richer ,  Billy Smith

Inventor： Yildirim HURMUZLU ,  Peter Antich ,  Ali Dogru ,  Edmond Richer ,  Billy Smith

IPC: G01F1/66

CPC classification number: G01N29/024 ,  G01F1/74 ,  G01N29/032 ,  G01N29/326 ,  G01N2291/0215 ,  G01N2291/0224 ,  G01N2291/02836 ,  G01N2291/02872 ,  G01N2291/02881

Abstract: An apparatus and method to determine fractions of various phases in a multiphase fluid. The apparatus includes main body including an interior configured receive a multiphase fluid and an exterior. The apparatus senses fluid pressure of multiphase fluid received in the interior and senses a fluid temperature of the multiphase fluid. The apparatus transmits an ultrasonic wave into the fluid and detects the transmitted wave to determine its velocity and attenuation. The apparatus may adjust the determined velocity and attenuation based on the temperature and pressure of the fluid to compensate for a difference between the sensed temperature and pressure and a standard temperature and pressure. The apparatus determines a gas fraction, water fraction, and a non-water fluid fraction of the multiphase fluid based on the sensed fluid pressure, the sensed fluid temperature, and the velocity and attenuation of the ultrasonic wave in the multiphase fluid.

公开(公告)号：US20100162815A1

公开(公告)日：2010-07-01

申请号：US12643519

申请日：2009-12-21

Applicant: Sang-Hun LEE

Inventor： Sang-Hun LEE

IPC: G01N29/036 ,  H01L41/22 ,  H01L41/04

CPC classification number: G01N29/036 ,  G01N29/022 ,  G01N29/2462 ,  G01N2291/0215 ,  G01N2291/0224 ,  G01N2291/0423 ,  Y10T29/42

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of realizing a dual mode acoustic wave sensor capable of being operated in both a gas environment and a liquid environment in a single chip by disposing a surface acoustic wave filter and a surface skimming bulk wave filter perpendicular to each other on the same wafer using the peculiar cut-orientation of an piezoelectric element, i.e. ST-cut quartz. An acoustic wave biosensor can realize optimum detection performance by detecting the characteristics of a detection environment and a detection target in real time during the operation of a dual mode sensor, and automatically switching between an SAW mode and an SSBW mode.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种实现双模声波传感器的方法，该双模式声波传感器能够在单个芯片中的气体环境和液体环境中操作，通过在其上设置彼此垂直的表面声波滤波器和表面扫描体波滤波器 晶片使用压电元件的特殊切割方向，即ST切割石英。 声波生物传感器可以通过在双模传感器的操作期间实时检测检测环境和检测目标的特性，并且在SAW模式和SSBW模式之间自动切换来实现最佳检测性能。