公开(公告)号：US09298952B2

公开(公告)日：2016-03-29

申请号：US14083113

申请日：2013-11-18

申请人： KING FAHD UNIVERSITY OF PETROLEUM AND MINERALS

发明人： Munir A. Al-Absi ,  Karama M. Al-Tamimi

IPC分类号： G06G7/24

CPC分类号： G06G7/24

摘要： A CMOS logarithmic current generator includes current mode circuitry having a design principle based on a Taylor's series expansion that approximates an exponential function. A MOSFET circuit provides a function generator core cell having a biasing current Ib. The FETs of the circuit are matched and are biased in the weak inversion region. Additional transistors are used to convert a pair of input currents to a pair of voltages to provide an output current based upon a current mode logarithmic function. The biasing current Ib can be varied to provide a variable gain in the circuit.

摘要翻译： CMOS对数电流发生器包括具有基于近似指数函数的泰勒级数展开的设计原理的电流模式电路。 MOSFET电路提供具有偏置电流Ib的功能发生器核心单元。 电路的FET匹配，并在弱反转区域被偏置。 附加晶体管用于将一对输入电流转换成一对电压，以基于当前模式对数函数提供输出电流。 可以改变偏置电流Ib以在电路中提供可变增益。

公开(公告)号：US08207776B1

公开(公告)日：2012-06-26

申请号：US13186141

申请日：2011-07-19

申请人： Barrie Gilbert

发明人： Barrie Gilbert

IPC分类号： G06G7/24

CPC分类号： G06G7/24

摘要： An embodiment of a logarithmic circuit may include a logging transistor, a guard circuit arranged to force an input current into an input terminal of the logging transistor, and a positioning circuit arranged to maintain a voltage of the logging transistor. The guard and positioning circuits may include first and second feedback loops, respectively. Another embodiment of a logarithmic circuit may include a logging transistor arranged to generate a logarithmic output in response to an input current, and a feedback loop arranged to provide adaptive compensation to the logging transistor. The feedback loop may be arranged to provide compensation in response to the magnitude of the input current. Another embodiment of a logarithmic circuit may include first and second logging transistors having collectors arranged to receive input currents, and first and second feedback amplifier arranged to drive emitters of the logging transistors.

摘要翻译： 对数电路的实施例可以包括测井晶体管，保护电路，其布置成迫使输入电流进入测井晶体管的输入端;以及定位电路，其布置成保持测井晶体管的电压。 保护和定位电路可以分别包括第一和第二反馈回路。 对数电路的另一实施例可以包括布置成响应于输入电流产生对数输出的测井晶体管，以及布置成向测井晶体管提供自适应补偿的反馈环路。 反馈回路可以被布置为响应于输入电流的大小来提供补偿。 对数电路的另一实施例可以包括具有布置成接收输入电流的集电极的第一和第二测井晶体管，以及布置成驱动测井晶体管的发射极的第一和第二反馈放大器。

公开(公告)号：US07969223B1

公开(公告)日：2011-06-28

申请号：US12772082

申请日：2010-04-30

申请人： Barrie Gilbert

发明人： Barrie Gilbert

IPC分类号： G06F7/556 ,  H03K17/14

CPC分类号： G06G7/24

摘要： An embodiment of a logarithmic circuit may include a logging transistor, and a multi-tanh circuit arranged to provide temperature compensation to the logging transistor, where the multi-tanh circuit comprises a multiplicity of multi-tanh cells. In another embodiment, a logarithmic circuit may include a logging transistor, and a multi-tanh circuit arranged to provide temperature compensation to the logging transistor, where the multi-tanh circuit includes a first set of outputs arranged to provide an output signal and a second set of one or more outputs that are diverted.

摘要翻译： 对数电路的一个实施例可以包括记录晶体管，以及布置成向记录晶体管提供温度补偿的多tanh电路，其中多tanh电路包括多个多tanh单元。 在另一个实施例中，对数电路可以包括记录晶体管和布置成向测井晶体管提供温度补偿的多tanh电路，其中多tanh电路包括布置成提供输出信号的第一组输出和第二组输出信号 一组或多个被转移的输出。

公开(公告)号：US07952416B2

公开(公告)日：2011-05-31

申请号：US12567545

申请日：2009-09-25

申请人： Vincenzo DiTommaso

发明人： Vincenzo DiTommaso

IPC分类号： G06F7/556

CPC分类号： G06G7/24

摘要： The intercept of a logarithmic amplifier is temperature stabilized by generating a signal having the form H log H where H is a function of temperature such as T/T0. The first H factor is cancelled, thereby generating a correction signal having the form Y log H. The cancellation may be implemented with a transconductance cell having a hyperbolic tangent function. The H log H function may be generated by a pair of junctions biased by one temperature-stable current and one temperature-dependent current. The pair of junctions and the transconductance cell may be coupled together in a translinear loop. A user-accessible terminal may allow adjustment of the correction signal for different operating frequencies.

摘要翻译： 通过产生具有H log H形式的信号，其中H是诸如T / T0的温度的函数，对数放大器的截距是温度稳定的。 第一H因子被取消，从而产生具有Y log H形式的校正信号。可以用具有双曲正切函数的跨导单元实现取消。 H对数H函数可以由一对由一个温度稳定电流和一个温度依赖电流偏置的接点产生。 一对结和跨导单元可以在一个跨线性环路中耦合在一起。 用户可访问的终端可以允许针对不同的操作频率调整校正信号。

公开(公告)号：US07777552B1

公开(公告)日：2010-08-17

申请号：US12429072

申请日：2009-04-23

申请人： Barrie Gilbert

发明人： Barrie Gilbert

IPC分类号： G06F7/24

CPC分类号： G06G7/24 ,  G01R21/10

摘要： An RF measurement system includes an envelope detector to extract the modulation envelope of the RF input signal. The resulting baseband envelope signal is then applied to a statistics extraction circuit which provides a precise measure of the modulation envelope. The statistics extraction circuit can be implemented with any number of lower-frequency precision measurement technologies because the high-frequency carrier portion of the signal is removed, and thus, the demands on the post-envelope extraction circuit are greatly reduced. In one embodiment, the envelope detector and statistics extraction circuit may be implemented as a logarithmic amplifier followed by an RMS-responding post-processing circuit to provide accurate power measurement. Because the envelope signal is represented in the logarithmic domain, the square-law function required for RMS conversion can be accomplished by scaling the envelope signal by an appropriate factor before introducing it into a translinear loop in the RMS post-processing circuit.

摘要翻译： RF测量系统包括提取RF输入信号的调制包络的包络检测器。 所得到的基带包络信号然后被施加到提供调制包络的精确测量的统计提取电路。 统计提取电路可以用任何数量的低频精度测量技术实现，因为信号的高频载波部分被去除，因此对后信封提取电路的要求大大降低。 在一个实施例中，包络检测器和统计提取电路可以被实现为对数放大器，随后是RMS响应后处理电路，以提供精确的功率测量。 因为包络信号在对数域中表示，RMS转换所需的平方律函数可以通过在将包络信号引入RMS后处理电路中的跨线性环路之前通过适当的因子来缩放来实现。

公开(公告)号：US20070244945A1

公开(公告)日：2007-10-18

申请号：US10555513

申请日：2004-02-09

申请人： Klaus Huber

发明人： Klaus Huber

IPC分类号： G06J1/00

CPC分类号： G06G7/24

摘要： An analog circuit system for generating output signals whose curve shape, at least sectionally, corresponds or is approximate to an elliptic function. Standard analog components such as adders, integrators, multipliers and differential amplifiers can be interconnected in order to simulate elliptic time functions from the standpoint of circuit engineering.

摘要翻译： 一种用于产生输出信号的模拟电路系统，其曲线形状至少部分对应于或近似于椭圆函数。 标准模拟组件，例如加法器，积分器，乘法器和差分放大器可以互连，以便从电路工程的角度模拟椭圆时间函数。

公开(公告)号：US07196569B1

公开(公告)日：2007-03-27

申请号：US11058085

申请日：2005-02-14

申请人： Vincenzo DiTommaso

发明人： Vincenzo DiTommaso

IPC分类号： G06G7/24

CPC分类号： G06G7/24

摘要： A logarithmic amplifier is compensated by a feedback loop. The feedback loop may control a series of detector cells in response to an output from one or more of the detector cells. The feedback loop may be used to provide frequency compensation to the log amp by adjusting the bias currents to the detector cells. One detector cell may be arranged to generate a limiting signal while another detector cell is arranged to generate a zero signal. By arranging the feedback loop to adjust the bias cell so as to maintain the difference between the limit signal and the zero signal at a constant value, the output swing of the detector cells is held constant, thereby stabilizing the slope of the log amp.

摘要翻译： 对数放大器由反馈回路补偿。 反馈回路可以响应于来自一个或多个检测器单元的输出来控制一系列检测器单元。 反馈回路可用于通过调整到检测器单元的偏置电流来向对数放大器提供频率补偿。 一个检测器单元可以被布置成产生限制信号，而另一个检测器单元被布置成产生零信号。 通过布置反馈回路来调节偏置单元，以将限制信号和零信号之间的差保持在恒定值，检测器单元的输出摆动保持恒定，从而稳定对数放大器的斜率。

公开(公告)号：US06759892B2

公开(公告)日：2004-07-06

申请号：US10188018

申请日：2002-07-01

申请人： David Alexander Gammie ,  Jeffrey B. Parfenchuck

发明人： David Alexander Gammie ,  Jeffrey B. Parfenchuck

IPC分类号： H01L3500

CPC分类号： G06G7/24 ,  G05F1/567

摘要： The present invention overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art and provides a new temperature compensation trimming technique. Temperature compensated output is provided in a logarithmic voltage output device by the steps of: measuring the resistance of a first resistor, a second resistor, and a third resistor at a first temperature; measuring again the resistances of the first resistor, second resistor, and third resistor at a second temperature; and trimming the drift of the third resistor according to a calculated temperature compensation trim.

摘要翻译： 本发明克服了现有技术的缺点，并提供了一种新的温度补偿修整技术。 通过以下步骤在对数电压输出装置中提供温度补偿输出：在第一温度下测量第一电阻器，第二电阻器和第三电阻器的电阻; 在第二温度下再次测量第一电阻器，第二电阻器和第三电阻器的电阻; 并根据计算的温度补偿微调修整第三电阻器的漂移。

公开(公告)号：US20030179036A1

公开(公告)日：2003-09-25

申请号：US10188018

申请日：2002-07-01

发明人： David Alexander Gammie ,  Jeffrey B. Parfenchuck

IPC分类号： H03K003/42

CPC分类号： G06G7/24 ,  G05F1/567

摘要： The present invention overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art and provides a new temperature compensation trimming technique. Temperature compensated output is provided in a logarithmic voltage output device by the steps of: measuring the resistance of a first resistor, a second resistor, and a third resistor at a first temperature; measuring again the resistances of the first resistor, second resistor, and third resistor at a second temperature; and trimming the drift of the third resistor according to a calculated temperature compensation trim.

摘要翻译： 本发明克服了现有技术的缺点，并提供了一种新的温度补偿修整技术。 通过以下步骤在对数电压输出装置中提供温度补偿输出：在第一温度下测量第一电阻器，第二电阻器和第三电阻器的电阻; 在第二温度下再次测量第一电阻器，第二电阻器和第三电阻器的电阻; 并根据计算的温度补偿微调修整第三电阻器的漂移。

公开(公告)号：US6163198A

公开(公告)日：2000-12-19

申请号：US360602

申请日：1999-07-26

申请人： Robert S. Cargill

发明人： Robert S. Cargill

IPC分类号： G06G7/24 ,  H03G1/00 ,  H03G7/06 ,  G06F7/556

CPC分类号： H03F3/45085 ,  G06G7/24 ,  H03G1/0023 ,  H03G7/06

摘要： Log-linear variable gain amplifiers and amplifier control apparatus and methods providing temperature compensated log-linear gain characteristics with a wide range of control for a current steered variable gain amplifier. The invention provides the sum of scaled linear and exponential terms, proportional to absolute temperature and responsive to an input control voltage. The sum of these terms is applied to a current steered variable gain amplifier to provide the desired log-linear variable gain control. Various embodiments are disclosed.

摘要翻译： 对数线性可变增益放大器和放大器控制装置和方法，为电流控制可变增益放大器提供宽范围控制的温度补偿对数线性增益特性。 本发明提供了与绝对温度成比例并响应于输入控制电压的定标线性和指数项的总和。 这些术语的总和被应用于电流导向可变增益放大器以提供期望的对数线性可变增益控制。 公开了各种实施例。