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    Liquid-crystal mixture with a pleochroic anthraquinone dye, and method for producing such a dye
    3.
    发明授权
    Liquid-crystal mixture with a pleochroic anthraquinone dye, and method for producing such a dye 失效
    具有多色性蒽醌染料的液晶混合物，以及这种染料的制造方法

    公开(公告)号：US4491532A

    公开(公告)日：1985-01-01

    申请号：US301046

    申请日：1981-09-10

    申请人： Gunther Scherowsky ,  Alexander Moller ,  Gerd Heppke ,  Burkhard Knippenberg

    发明人： Gunther Scherowsky ,  Alexander Moller ,  Gerd Heppke ,  Burkhard Knippenberg

    IPC分类号： C09B1/00 ,  C09B1/02 ,  C09B1/14 ,  C09B1/22 ,  C09B1/28 ,  C09B1/50 ,  C09B1/503 ,  C09B1/515 ,  C09B1/54 ,  C09B55/00 ,  C09K19/60 ,  G02F1/137 ,  C09K3/34 ,  C09B1/16

    CPC分类号： C09B1/50 ,  C09B1/22 ,  C09B55/007 ,  C09K19/603

    摘要： Liquid-crystal mixture with a pleochroic anthraquinone dye of the general formula ##STR1## with R.sup.1, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.6 =H, OH, OCH.sub.3, NH.sub.2, NHCH.sub.3, NO.sub.2, characterized by the feature that ##STR2## (R.sup.7 =H, alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkoxy, alkylmercapto, amino, alkylamino, dialkylamino, nitro, cyano, halogen), ##STR3## COOR.sup.9, CH.sub.2 --OR.sup.9 (R.sup.8 =H, alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkoxy, alkylmercapto, amino, alkylamino, dialkylamino, nitro, cyano, halogen); R.sup.9 =H, alkyl and either R.sup.1, R.sup.4 =H, OH, NH.sub.2, NHCH.sub.3, NO.sub.2, NHCH.sub.3, NO.sub.2, OCH.sub.3, where at least one of the two radical is an NH.sub.2 or an NHCH.sub.3, R.sup.3 =R.sup.6 =H, or R.sup.3, R.sup.6 =H, OH, NH.sub.2, NHCH.sub.3, NO.sub.2, OCH.sub.3, where at least one of the two radicals is an NH.sub.2 or an NHCH.sub.3, R.sup.1 =R.sup.4 =H.

    摘要翻译： 具有通式“IMAGE”的具有R1，R3，R4，R6 = H，OH，OCH3，NH2，NHCH3，NO2的双色性蒽醌染料的液晶混合物，其特征在于， 烷基，烷基，烷基氨基，烷基氨基，硝基，烷基氨基，烷基氨基，烷基氨基，烷基氨基， 氰基，卤素）; R 9 = H，烷基和R 1，R 4 = H，OH，NH 2，NHCH 3，NO 2，NHCH 3，NO 2，OCH 3，其中两个基团中的至少一个是NH 2或NHCH 3，R 3 = R 6 = H或R 3 ，R6 = H，OH，NH2，NHCH3，NO2，OCH3，其中两个基团中的至少一个是NH 2或NHCH 3，R 1 = R 4 = H。

    Process for the preparation of 1-alkylaminoanthraquinones
    4.
    发明授权
    Process for the preparation of 1-alkylaminoanthraquinones 失效
    1-烷基氨基蒽醌的制备方法

    公开(公告)号：US4435324A

    公开(公告)日：1984-03-06

    申请号：US361692

    申请日：1982-03-25

    申请人： Karl-Julius Reubke

    发明人： Karl-Julius Reubke

    IPC分类号： C07C225/34 ,  C09B1/28 ,  C07C97/24

    CPC分类号： C09B1/285

    摘要： Improved process for the preparation of 1-alkylaminoanthraquinones by aminolysis of 1-nitroanthraquinones with alkylamines at elevated temperature in water and organic water-immiscible solvents, in the presence of acid-binding agents, according to which process calcium hydroxide is used as the acid-binding agent.

    摘要翻译： 通过在酸性结合剂的存在下，在高温下在水中和有机水不混溶性溶剂中，用1-烷基胺与烷基胺氨基解解1-烷基氨基蒽醌的改进方法，根据该方法，使用氢氧化钙作为酸 - 粘合剂。

    Process for the preparation of cationic anthraquinone dyestuffs
    5.
    发明授权
    Process for the preparation of cationic anthraquinone dyestuffs 失效
    阳离子蒽醌染料的制备方法

    公开(公告)号：US4296044A

    公开(公告)日：1981-10-20

    申请号：US117170

    申请日：1980-01-31

    申请人： Karl H. Duchardt ,  Gunter Gehrke

    发明人： Karl H. Duchardt ,  Gunter Gehrke

    IPC分类号： C09B1/20 ,  C09B1/28

    CPC分类号： C09B1/207 ,  C09B1/28

    摘要： Cationic anthraquinone dyestuffs of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 denotes hydrogen, alkyl or cycloalkyl,R.sub.2 denotes hydrogen, alkyl or bromine,R.sub.3 denotes alkylene,R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 denote alkyl, aryl or aralkyl,R.sub.6 denotes alkyl or aralkyl andX.sup..crclbar. denotes an anion,and the substituents mentioned can in turn be substituted by non-ionic radicals, are prepared by reacting anthraquinones of the formula ##STR2## with amines of the formula ##STR3## in the presence of a proton acceptor and of copper salts as a catalyst, in a solvent mixture consisting of 50 to 90% of one or more aprotic, non-polar or slightly polar solvents and 10 to 50% of one or more protic or aprotic, polar solvents, trapping the acid formed during the reaction by bases which do not precipitate the catalyst and then quaternizing the product, without intermediate isolation.

    摘要翻译： 式（I）的阳离子蒽醌染料其中R1表示氢，烷基或环烷基，R2表示氢，烷基或溴，R3表示亚烷基，R4和R5表示烷基，芳基或芳烷基，R6表示烷基或芳烷基，X表示 （ - ）表示阴离子，并且所提及的取代基又可被非离子基团取代，是通过在下式存在下使式（II）的蒽醌与式（III）的胺反应来制备： 的质子受体和铜盐作为催化剂，在由50至90％的一种或多种非质子，非极性或极性极性溶剂和10至50％的一种或多种质子或非质子极性溶剂组成的溶剂混合物中 ，通过不沉淀催化剂的碱然后在不进行中间分离的条件下使产物季铵化，捕获在反应期间形成的酸。

    Process for the dyeing or printing of polyacrylonitrile material
    6.
    发明授权
    Process for the dyeing or printing of polyacrylonitrile material 失效
    聚丙烯腈材料的染色或印花工艺

    公开(公告)号：US4123222A

    公开(公告)日：1978-10-31

    申请号：US778655

    申请日：1977-03-16

    申请人： Peter Loew

    发明人： Peter Loew

    IPC分类号： C09B1/28 ,  C09B1/20 ,  D06P1/40 ,  D06P1/42 ,  D06P3/70 ,  C09B1/00 ,  C07C97/12

    CPC分类号： C09B1/207 ,  D06P1/40 ,  D06P3/702 ,  Y10S8/927

    摘要： A process is described for the dyeing or printing of polyacrylonitrile materials, which process comprises the use of dyes of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents a low-molecular, straight-chain alkyl group, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 independently of one another each represent a low-molecular alkyl group, R.sub.4 represents an aralkyl group, n represents 2 or 3, and X.sup..crclbar. represents an anion.The dyeings obtained are distinguished by good build-up properties of the dyes, and the dyes are particularly suitable for trichromatic dyeings.

    摘要翻译： 描述了用于染色或印刷聚丙烯腈材料的方法，该方法包括使用下式的染料：其中R 1表示低分子直链烷基，R 2和R 3彼此独立地表示一个 低分子烷基，R4表示芳烷基，n表示2或3，X（ - ）表示阴离子。

    Anthraquinone compounds
    8.
    发明授权
    Anthraquinone compounds 失效
    蒽醌化合物

    公开(公告)号：US4056544A

    公开(公告)日：1977-11-01

    申请号：US443119

    申请日：1974-02-15

    申请人： Walter Hohmann ,  Helmut Herzog ,  Hans-Samuel Bien

    发明人： Walter Hohmann ,  Helmut Herzog ,  Hans-Samuel Bien

    IPC分类号： C09B1/28 ,  C09B1/26 ,  C09B1/32 ,  C09B1/36 ,  C09B1/58 ,  C09B1/16

    CPC分类号： C09B1/36 ,  C09B1/26 ,  C09B1/585

    摘要： Compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein R represents cycloalkyl or the ##STR2## group wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 denote alkyl and Y denotes hydrogen, chlorine, bromine, amino, alkylamino, cycloalkylamino, aralkylamino, arylamino, acylamino or arylmercapto, with the proviso that the nitro group is in the 5- or 8-position of the anthraquinone nucleus if Y denotes hydrogenAs well as their production and their use for the dyeing of synthetic fibres.

    摘要翻译： 式IMA的化合物，其中R代表环烷基或基团，其中R1和R2表示烷基，Y表示氢，氯，溴，氨基，烷基氨基，环烷基氨基，芳烷基氨基，芳基氨基，酰基氨基或芳基巯基，条件是 如果Y表示氢，则硝基在蒽醌核的5-或8-位，同时作为其合成纤维的染色使用。

    Anthraquinone dyes
    9.
    发明授权
    Anthraquinone dyes 失效
    蒽醌染料

    公开(公告)号：US4051155A

    公开(公告)日：1977-09-27

    申请号：US640677

    申请日：1975-12-15

    申请人： Robert C. Hoare

    发明人： Robert C. Hoare

    IPC分类号： C09B1/28 ,  C09B1/50 ,  C07C97/24

    CPC分类号： C09B1/285

    摘要： Anthraquinone compounds having the formula: ##STR1## wherein R is alkylene of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, exhibit attractive blue shades and are useful in dyeing textiles.

    摘要翻译： 具有下式的蒽醌化合物：其中R是1至4个碳原子的亚烷基，表现出有吸引力的蓝色色调，并且可用于染色纺织品。

    Process for the manufacture of N-alkylamino- and N,N-dialkylaminoanthraquinones
    10.
    发明授权
    Process for the manufacture of N-alkylamino- and N,N-dialkylaminoanthraquinones 失效
    制备N-烷基氨基和N，N-二烷基氨基蒽醌的方法

    公开(公告)号：US4044030A

    公开(公告)日：1977-08-23

    申请号：US688517

    申请日：1976-05-20

    申请人： Zdenek Seha

    发明人： Zdenek Seha

    IPC分类号： C09B1/28 ,  C09B1/30 ,  C09B1/515 ,  C09B1/16 ,  C09B1/20

    CPC分类号： C09B1/28 ,  C09B1/30 ,  C09B1/515

    摘要： A process for the manufacture of N-alkylamino- and N,N-dialkylaminoanthraquinone from the corresponding nitroanthraquinones, which comprises reacting substituted or unsubstituted nitroanthraquinones or dinitroanthraquinones with at least twice the molar amount, referred to the nitro groups to be reacted, of an alkyl acid amide, at temperatures between 100.degree. C and the boiling point of the alkyl acid amide.The present invention provides a process for the manufacture of N-alkylamino- and N,N-dialkylaminoanthraquinones from the corresponding nitroanthraquinones, which process comprises reacting substituted or unsubstitued nitroanthraquinones or dinitroanthraquinones with at least twice the molar amount, referred to the nitro groups to be reacted, of an alkyl acid amide which is simultaneously reactant and reaction medium, at temperatures between 100.degree. C and the boiling point of the alkyl acid amide.The reaction takes place according to the general reaction equation ##STR1## wherein R and R', which are the same or different, represent alkyl, aralkyl, cycloalkyl or hydroxyalkyl radicals of 1 to 8 carbon atoms,n is 0 or 1,X represents a functional substituent, for example the carboxyl, sulpho, hydroxy, amino or halogen group, which can be attached direct or through a bridge member to the anthraquinone nucleus.The reaction can be carried out with mononitroanthraquinones and/or dinitroanthraquinones.The aminoanthraquinones obtained by the process of this invention are known and are useful dyes or dyestuff intermediates.The aminolysis of nitroanthraquinones is described in German Pat. Nos. 136.777, 136.778 and 144.634. However, polar solvents, such as water, alcohols or pyridine, are used as reaction media therein.The use of polar solvents as reaction media results in only very poor yields and lengthy reaction times are required. For example, the reaction of 1-nitroanthraquinone with a 300% excess of isopropylamine at 75.degree. C after 100 hours gives a yield of only 70% of 1-isopropylaminoanthraquinone.Swiss Pat. application No. 12793/74 describes the aminolysis by reacting nitroanthraquinones with organic amines using dipolar aprotic solvents which contain --SO.sub.2 or --SO groups as reaction media. This process is satisfactory up to the recovery of the solvents used as reaction medium, which may have to be separated by distillation from the amines used as reactants.By comparison, N-alkylamino- and N,N-dialkylamino-anthraquinones are obtained surprisingly in very high and often even quantitative yields by the process of this invention. The products are obtained in a high degree of purity, so that mostly they do not need to be purified any more. The reaction conditions are simple and the reaction course is easily kept under control. No problems regarding corrosion or of a technical nature arise in respect of the apparatus used and the recovery of the excess acid amide used as reaction medium presents no difficulties. The reaction course is uniform and virtually no residues occur, so that the process of this invention also marks a considerable advance especially from the ecological standpoint.The excess acid amide can be almost completely recovered after the reaction by simple distillation or by filtering it off from the product, and reused for a fresh batch.Examples of aminoanthraquinones which can be obtained by the process of this invention are:1-isopropylaminoanthraquinone, 1-isobutylamino-2-methylanthraquinone, 1-methylaminoanthraquinone, 1-diethylaminoanthraquinone, 1-cyclohexylaminoanthraquinone, the sodium salt of 1-isopropylaminoanthraquinone-6/7-sulphonic acid, 1-isobutylaminoanthraquinone, 1-diisopropyl-, 1-diisobutyl- and 1-dicyclohexylaminoanthraquinone, 1-isopropylamino-2-methylanthraquinone 1-cyclohexylamino-2-methylanthraquinone, 1,5-bis-methylaminoanthraquinone and 1-dimethylaminoanthraquinone.The aminolysis is carried out in conventional reaction vessels or autoclaves. A suitable apparatus is the rotary evaporator or, for batches produced on an industrial scale, the paddle drier (Venulett). The reaction temperature will be at least 100.degree. C. The preferred reaction temperature is between 160.degree. and 200.degree. C. The aminolysis can be carried out both under pressure and without pressure. It is preferred to operate without pressure. The reaction time is from 0.5 to 15 hours, preferably 1 to 5 hours.The weight ratio of the acid amide as reactant and reaction medium to the nitroanthraquinone is advantageously between 4:1 to 10:1.Suitable acid amides are those of the formulae HCONHR, RCONHR, HCONRR', RCONNRR' or those of the formulae PO(--NRR').sub.3, SO.sub.2 (--NRR').sub.2 or SO(--NRR').sub.2, wherein R and R', which are the same or different, represent alkyl, aralkyl, cycloalkyl or hydroxyalkyl radicals of 1 to 8 carbon atoms.An alkyl group represented by each of R and R' can be the same or different, straight-chain or branched, and is in particular a low molecular alkyl group of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, tert.butyl, or a long-chain alkyl group, such as hexyl or octyl. A cycloalkyl group represented by each of R and R' is in particular the cyclohexyl group and an aralkyl group represented by R and R' is above all the benzyl or phenethyl group. Preferably each of R and R' represents a lower alkyl group.Examples of acid amides which can be used according to the invention are:N-methyl formamide, N-methyl acetamide, N,N-dimethyl formamide, N-ethyl formamide and hexamethylphosphoric triamide or tetramethyl thionyl diamide.The reaction is carried out, for example, in such a way that the reactants, nitroanthraquinone and acid amide, are charged into a reaction vessel and stirred for several hours at temperatures between 100.degree. and 200.degree. C. When the reaction is complete, the excess acid amide is distilled off and can be reused. In many cases the product crystallises out after the reaction mixture has cooled, so that it is separated by filtration, and the mother liquor (i.e., excess acid amide with a small amount of dissolved product) can be reused for further reactions. It will be readily understood that the products can also be isolated by diluting the reaction mixture with water or alcohols and subsequent filtration.The following Examples illustrate the process of the present invention without implying any restriction to what is described therein. The parts are by weight.

    摘要翻译： 一种从相应的硝基蒽醌制备N-烷基氨基 - 和N，N-二烷基氨基蒽醌的方法，其包括使取代或未取代的硝基蒽醌或二硝基蒽醌与至少两倍摩尔量的硝基蒽醌或二硝基蒽醌反应， 酸酰胺，在100℃和烷基酰胺的沸点之间。