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公开(公告)号：US5341089A
公开(公告)日：1994-08-23
申请号：US858814
申请日：1992-03-27
申请人： Jerry J. Heep
发明人： Jerry J. Heep
CPC分类号： G01R15/125
摘要： A multimeter converts an input voltage into decibels. Preferably, the input voltage is converted into dbm. The multimeter includes a table of voltage values wherein each entry is associated with a given decibel value. The input voltage is compared with entries in the table to locate a first entry which is larger than the input voltage. A second entry having a lower value than the input voltage is then located in the table. A fractional value that is indicative of where the input voltage lies at a range between the first entry and the second entry is calculated using the first and second entries. The fractional value is added to a decibel value corresponding the second entry to produce a decibel value for the input voltage. The input voltage may be scaled down into an appropriate operational voltage range and then the calculated decibel value may be scaled up to compensate for this scaling down.
摘要翻译： 万用表将输入电压转换为分贝。 优选地，输入电压被转换成dbm。 万用表包括电压值表，其中每个条目与给定的分贝值相关联。 将输入电压与表中的条目进行比较，以定位大于输入电压的第一条目。 然后，具有比输入电压低的值的第二条目位于表中。 使用第一和第二项计算指示输入电压位于第一入口和第二入口之间的范围的分数值。 小数值被加到对应于第二个条目的分贝值，以产生输入电压的分贝值。 输入电压可以按比例缩小到适当的工作电压范围，然后计算的分贝值可以按比例放大以补偿该缩小。
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公开(公告)号：US4745309A
公开(公告)日：1988-05-17
申请号：US912526
申请日：1986-09-29
申请人： James K. Waller, Jr.
发明人： James K. Waller, Jr.
摘要： An adjustable RMS circuit for an input signal is first compressed by use of a bipolar logarithmic converter. The low-level, high-frequency accuracy of the converter may be improved by increasing its gain in response to the presence of such components. An inverted half wave rectified signal derived from the compressed signal is then combined with a half intensity signal derived from the compressed signal to produce a signal which is substantially equal to the absolute value of the compressed signal. A reference signal of variably selectable level is further combined with the combined signal to provide an output signal offset to a desired threshold level.
摘要翻译： 用于输入信号的可调RMS电路首先通过使用双极对数转换器进行压缩。 可以通过响应于这种组件的存在而增加其增益来改善转换器的低电平，高频精度。 然后将从压缩信号导出的反向半波整流信号与从压缩信号导出的半强度信号组合，以产生基本上等于压缩信号绝对值的信号。 可变可选电平的参考信号进一步与组合信号组合以提供输出信号偏移到期望的阈值电平。
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公开(公告)号：US4341994A
公开(公告)日：1982-07-27
申请号：US135904
申请日：1980-03-31
申请人： Tetsuro Kawasaki , Hiromichi Toda
发明人： Tetsuro Kawasaki , Hiromichi Toda
CPC分类号： G01R19/1658 , G01R21/00
摘要： A power level measurement system includes a power level sensor having a linear response to power level variations for power levels below a predetermined level and a non-linear response above the predetermined level, a DC amplifier and linearity compensator for measuring power and amplitude levels above the predetermined power level, a switched amplifier circuit containing a DC to AC converter circuit, an AC amplifier and a detector for measuring power levels below the predetermined level, means for determining whether the power level of the high frequency signal is above or below the predetermined power level and for accordingly selecting either the DC amplifier or the switched amplifier system in accordance with this power level, and display means for displaying the output from the selected amplifier system.
摘要翻译： 功率电平测量系统包括功率电平传感器，其具有对于低于预定电平的功率电平的功率电平变化的线性响应和高于预定电平的非线性响应，用于测量高于预定电平的功率和幅度电平的DC放大器和线性补偿器 预定功率电平，包含DC-AC转换器电路的开关放大器电路，AC放大器和用于测量低于预定电平的功率电平的检测器，用于确定高频信号的功率电平是否高于或低于预定功率的装置 电平，并且用于相应地根据该功率电平选择DC放大器或开关放大器系统，以及用于显示来自所选放大器系统的输出的显示装置。
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公开(公告)号：US4325024A
公开(公告)日：1982-04-13
申请号：US168751
申请日：1980-07-11
IPC分类号： G01R19/00 , G01R19/252 , G01R17/06 , G01R15/10
CPC分类号： G01R19/252 , G01R19/0007
摘要： An incoming a-c signal, whose amplitude is to be measured, successively passes through several decadic attenuator stages settable by respective cascaded decadic stages of a reversible counter. The attenuated signal is rectified and its voltage, or the RMS value thereof obtained from a squarer, gives rise to a calibration current, opposed by a constant reference current, for charging a capacitor of a current/frequency converter with a resulting current corresponding to their difference. Two threshold detectors in that converter, responding to a capacitor charge of either polarity beyond a predetermined limit, trigger a monoflop which fully or partly discharges the capacitor and steps the counter forward or backward as determined by a polarity sensor connected across the capacitor. A retriggerable second monoflop, responsive to the trailing edge of each stepping pulse, enables the second-lowest counter stage to be stepped out of turn when these pulses follow one another at high rate. The readings of the counter stages are also fed to a digital/analog converter working into a decibel meter.
摘要翻译： 输入的a-c信号，其幅度将被测量，依次通过可逆计数器的相应级联十进制级可设置的几个十进制衰减级。 衰减的信号被整流，并且其电压或其平均值获得的RMS值产生与恒定参考电流相反的校准电流，用于对电流/频率转换器的电容器进行充电，所得到的电流对应于它们 区别。 该转换器中的两个阈值检测器响应于任一极性的电容器电荷超过预定极限，触发完全或部分地放电电容器并且由连接在电容器两端的极性传感器确定的向前或向后延伸的单脉冲。 响应于每个步进脉冲的后沿的可再触发的第二单通道使得当这些脉冲以高速率彼此相继时，第二低的计数器级能够转出。 计数器级的读数也被馈送到工作在分贝表中的数字/模拟转换器。
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公开(公告)号：US4163940A
公开(公告)日：1979-08-07
申请号：US675863
申请日：1976-04-12
申请人： David Brewerton
发明人： David Brewerton
CPC分类号： G01R19/0053
摘要： Electrical noise is suppressed on an input signal by squaring the input signal and any noise thereon, removing the sinusoidal terms in the squared output (as by averaging), subtracting the d.c. noise component, and taking the square root of the remainder, so as to produce an r.m.s. dependent, substantially noise free output. If desired, the noise suppression circuitry may be combined in a low signal measuring instrument in which the input signal is repetitively sampled and freed of noise in the manner described, the output then being measured on a d.c. meter.
摘要翻译： 通过输入信号的平方和其上的任何噪声来抑制输入信号的电噪声，去除平方输出中的正弦项（如通过平均），减去直流。 噪声分量，并以其余的平方根为基准，以产生一个r.m.s. 依赖的，基本无噪声的输出。 如果需要，噪声抑制电路可以组合在低信号测量仪器中，其中输入信号被重复采样并以所描述的方式消除噪声，然后输出在直流测量上测量。 仪表。
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公开(公告)号：US4145661A
公开(公告)日：1979-03-20
申请号：US865235
申请日：1977-12-28
申请人： George S. K. Wong
发明人： George S. K. Wong
CPC分类号： G01R19/02
摘要： The precision measuring amplifier includes one or more amplifiers, a number of fixed attenuators, a RMS detector and a logarithmic converter for converting the output of the RMS detector to a logarithmic value. A number of fixed voltage sources each providing a voltage precisely related to the attenuation of a corresponding attenuator, are selectively coupled to a summing amplifier to which the logarithmic converter output is also connected. The number of attenuators connected either manually or automatically into amplifier apparatus at one time is dependent on the input signal level, and for every attenuator connected into the amplifier apparatus, a voltage source is connected to the summing amplifier to provide an output signal proportional to the logarithm of the RMS value of the input signal.
摘要翻译： 精密测量放大器包括一个或多个放大器，多个固定衰减器，RMS检测器和用于将RMS检测器的输出转换成对数值的对数转换器。 每个提供与相应衰减器的衰减精确相关的电压的多个固定电压源选择性地耦合到对数转换器输出也连接到的求和放大器。 一次手动或自动连接到放大器装置中的衰减器的数量取决于输入信号电平，并且对于连接到放大器装置中的每个衰减器，电压源连接到求和放大器以提供与 输入信号RMS值的对数。
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公开(公告)号：US4101219A
公开(公告)日：1978-07-18
申请号：US702252
申请日：1976-07-02
申请人： Allan S. Way
发明人： Allan S. Way
CPC分类号： G01J3/42 , G01J2003/2866
摘要： A double beam optical null spectrophotometer having sample and reference optical beam paths, a detector common to both paths, and an attenuator feedback loop from the detector for adjusting the position of an optical attenuator in the reference beam path to balance the energy in the two paths. The slider of an attenuator transmitting potentiometer follows the position of the optical attenuator and a signal level sensitive impedance network connected to the slider calibrates the potentiometer such that an output signal therefrom indicates the true transmittance of a sample in the sample beam path over a range of transmittance values from zero to one hundred percent transmittance.
摘要翻译： 具有采样和参考光束路径的双光束光学零分光光度计，两条路径共同的检测器和来自检测器的衰减器反馈回路，用于调整参考光束路径中光衰减器的位置以平衡两条路径中的能量 。 衰减器传输电位器的滑块跟随光衰减器的位置，并且连接到滑块的信号电平敏感阻抗网络校准电位计，使得其输出信号表示样品光路中的样品在一定范围内的真实透射率 透光率值从零到百分之百的透光率。
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公开(公告)号：US4000463A
公开(公告)日：1976-12-28
申请号：US636632
申请日：1975-12-01
CPC分类号： G01R15/005 , G01R15/09
摘要： A digital display electronic meter apparatus is disclosed which is capable of displaying amplitude ratio measurements directly in decibels over its entire amplitude operating range.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种数字显示电子计量仪器，其能够在其整个振幅操作范围内直接以分贝显示幅度比率测量。
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公开(公告)号：US3822401A
公开(公告)日：1974-07-02
申请号：US15993971
申请日：1971-07-06
申请人： GEN ELECTRIC
发明人： PARKER H
摘要： Apparatus for measuring the root mean square of a signal by applying the signal across a resistance which is the input to an amplifier and controlling the resistance so that a constant level of current will always flow into a multiplier. The average output from the multiplier is compared with a fixed reference, and any error therebetween is effective through servo control mechanisms to vary the input resistance as necessary to reduce the error to zero. The input resistance is coupled to an output resistance and the value of the output resistance will be proportional to the voltage of the signal being measured.
摘要翻译： 用于通过将信号施加到放大器的输入端的电阻并控制电阻以使恒定电流水平始终流入乘法器来测量信号的均方根的装置。 将乘法器的平均输出与固定参考值进行比较，并且通过伺服控制机制可以有效地改变输入电阻以将误差减小到零。 输入电阻耦合到输出电阻，输出电阻的值将与被测信号的电压成比例。
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公开(公告)号：US3634764A
公开(公告)日：1972-01-11
申请号：US3634764D
申请日：1968-04-25
发明人： SARGENT RAYMOND W
CPC分类号： G01D13/26
摘要： A flat scale indicating device for use with servo units having feedback loops, having an indicator arm pivotally mounted to a sector gear, the latter being in meshing engagement with a rotary pinion for transmitting rotary motion of the pinion to a straight line translatory motion at the pointer end of the indicating arm. The indicator arm further functions as a potentiometer wiper and an electrical connection is provided between the arm and a suitable amplifier bridge circuit.
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