公开(公告)号：US06353406B1

公开(公告)日：2002-03-05

申请号：US09339740

申请日：1999-06-24

申请人： Colin Lanzl ,  Jay Werb

发明人： Colin Lanzl ,  Jay Werb

IPC分类号： G01S1375

CPC分类号： G06K19/0724 ,  G01S13/84 ,  G01S13/878 ,  G06K7/0008 ,  G06K7/10059 ,  G06K7/10356 ,  G06K17/00 ,  G07C9/00111

摘要： System for tracking mobile tags. Cell controllers with multiple antenna modules generate a carrier signal which is received by the tags. Tags shift the frequency of the carrier signal, modulate an identification code onto it, and transmit the resulting tag signal at randomized intervals. The antennas receive and process the response, and determine the presence of the tags by proximity and triangulation. The recursive-least squares (RLS) technique is used in filtering received signals. Distance of a tag from an antenna is calculated by measuring the round trip signal time. The cell controllers send data from the antenna to a host computer. The host computer collects the data and resolves them into positional estimates. Data are archived in a data warehouse, such as an SQL Server. Also disclosed is an article tracking system that supports both active and passive tags with a cell controller able to read both passive and active tag signals.

摘要翻译： 跟踪移动代码的系统 具有多个天线模块的蜂窝控制器产生由标签接收的载波信号。 标签移动载波信号的频率，将识别码调制到其上，并以随机间隔发送得到的标签信号。 天线接收和处理响应，并通过接近和三角测量来确定标签的存在。 递归最小二乘法（RLS）技术用于滤波接收信号。 通过测量往返信号时间来计算标签与天线的距离。 单元控制器将数据从天线发送到主机。 主机收集数据并将其解析为位置估计。 数据存档在数据仓库中，如SQL Server。 还公开了一种文章跟踪系统，其利用能够读取被动和有源标签信号的单元控制器来支持主动和无源标签。

公开(公告)号：US06456228B1

公开(公告)日：2002-09-24

申请号：US09500305

申请日：2000-02-08

申请人： Magnus Granhed ,  Peter Fuks ,  Gunnar Larsson ,  Anders Rehn

发明人： Magnus Granhed ,  Peter Fuks ,  Gunnar Larsson ,  Anders Rehn

IPC分类号： G01S1375

CPC分类号： H01Q1/2225 ,  H01Q1/22 ,  H01Q1/38 ,  H01Q13/106

摘要： A passive transponder comprises an antenna (1, 2) in the form of a metal body with two main surfaces and a diode (3) connected between the main surfaces and a dielectric (10) surrounding the antenna. A characteristic of the invention is that the impedance of the antenna is adapted to the impedance of the diode by matching unit (13, 14). A transmission line (8) is used as the matching unit. Another characteristic for the invention is that the transmission line is surrounded by a dielectric (10) made of plastic. Yet another characteristic of the invention is that the antenna is surrounded by a dielectric made of plastic which reduces the influence of the surroundings on the near field of the antenna.

摘要翻译： 无源应答器包括具有两个主表面的金属体形式的天线（1,2）和连接在主表面之间的二极管（3）和围绕天线的电介质（10）。 本发明的特征在于天线的阻抗通过匹配单元（13,14）适应于二极管的阻抗。 传输线（8）用作匹配单元。 本发明的另一个特征是传输线被由塑料制成的电介质（10）包围。 本发明的另一个特征是天线被由塑料制成的电介质包围，这减少了周围环境对天线近场的影响。

公开(公告)号：US06825794B2

公开(公告)日：2004-11-30

申请号：US09863944

申请日：2001-05-23

申请人： Peter J. Edmonson ,  Colin K. Campbell

发明人： Peter J. Edmonson ,  Colin K. Campbell

IPC分类号： G01S1375

CPC分类号： H03H9/6406 ,  G01S13/755 ,  H03H9/0028 ,  H03H9/0042

摘要： SAW devices such as interdigital transducers (IDTs) have been widely used in RADAR applications and as filters. An IDT produces a SAW when excited by a single electrical pulse and can be fabricated to embody a code, which code provides for a passive autocorrelation of a SAW input to the IDT and thereby lends itself to further application as a signal generator in a communication device. However, internal dimensions of IDTs are inversely proportional to operating frequency, such that high frequency IDTs present significant manufacturing difficulties. Fabrication of IDTs for high frequency applications is simplified by exploiting a harmonic frequency SAW generated by IDTs. An IDT may therefore be designed according to fundamental frequency internal dimension criteria but can operate at a multiple of the fundamental frequency, thereby providing much higher frequency operation than conventional SAW systems. A communication system based on SAW harmonic techniques would be low-cost, low-power, small and simple alternative to known short range communications schemes, including for example the Bluetooth™ solution. Operation of a second harmonic SAW system at 2.4 GHz based on a fundamental frequency of 1.2 GHz is contemplated.

摘要翻译： 诸如叉指式换能器（IDT）之类的SAW器件已被广泛应用于雷达应用和滤波器。 IDT在由单个电脉冲激励时产生SAW，并且可以被制造为体现代码，该代码提供SAW输入到IDT的无源自相关，从而使其进一步用作通信设备中的信号发生器 。 然而，IDT的内部尺寸与操作频率成反比，使得高频IDT存在显着的制造困难。 通过开发由IDT产生的谐波频率SAW，可以简化高频应用的IDT的制作。 因此，IDT可以根据基本频率内部尺寸标准设计，但是可以以基频的倍数工作，从而提供比常规SAW系统高得多的频率操作。 基于SAW谐波技术的通信系统将是低成本，低功率，小而简单的替代已知的短距离通信方案，包括例如Bluetooth TM解决方案。 考虑到基于1.2GHz的基频的2.4GHz的二次谐波SAW系统的操作。

公开(公告)号：US06657580B1

公开(公告)日：2003-12-02

申请号：US09937422

申请日：2001-12-27

申请人： John David Edwards ,  John Thornton

发明人： John David Edwards ,  John Thornton

IPC分类号： G01S1375

CPC分类号： H01Q1/2225 ,  G01S13/756 ,  G01S13/758 ,  G01S13/78 ,  G01S13/825 ,  G01S13/84 ,  H01Q1/22 ,  H01Q3/2647 ,  H01Q3/46

摘要： A transponder comprises a retro-reflective antenna array in which the length of the transmission lines is given by I=±A n&lgr; where: A is an arbitrary length; n is zero, or an integer, &lgr; is the wavelength of the retro-reflected signal. The array is fabricated on a board (71) of insulating material, using microstrip techniques. Rectangular patches (not shown) form the individual antennae and these are interconnected by transmission lines (75 to 82), each of which pass through a respective modulation device (43) whereby the retro-reflected signal is modulated. A positioning/tracking system incorporating one or more modulated transponders is also disclosed.

摘要翻译： 应答器包括逆反射天线阵列，其中传输线的长度由I =±A nlambda给出，其中：A是任意长度; n为零，或整数λ为反射后信号的波长。 使用微带技术将阵列制造在绝缘材料的板（71）上。 矩形贴片（未示出）形成单独的天线，并且它们通过传输线（75至82）互连，每个天线通过相应的调制装置（43），从而调制后向反射信号。 还公开了包括一个或多个调制转发器的定位/跟踪系统。

公开(公告)号：US06462698B2

公开(公告)日：2002-10-08

申请号：US09864507

申请日：2001-05-24

申请人： Colin K. Campbell ,  Peter J. Edmonson

发明人： Colin K. Campbell ,  Peter J. Edmonson

IPC分类号： G01S1375

CPC分类号： H03H9/44 ,  G01S13/755 ,  H03H9/0274 ,  H03H9/14505

摘要： SAW devices such as interdigital transducers (IDTs) have been widely used in RADAR applications and as filters. An IDT produces a SAW when excited by a single electrical pulse and can be fabricated to embody a code, which code provides for a passive autocorrelation of a SAW input to the IDT and thereby lends itself to further application as a signal generator in a communication device. However, conventional SAW expanders and compressors typically have insertion losses greater than 20 dB, which can have a profound effect on an RF link budget in a communication system. Insertion losses are drastically reduced by using a single phase unidirectional transducer (SPUDT-type) instead of a conventional IDT as a SAW expander/compressor. A SPUDT-type reflects SAW components which are lost in conventional IDT designs so that a stronger SAW is directed toward a transmission element. In a receiver, a SPUDT-type directs a stronger SAW toward a compressor IDT. A communication system based on SPUDT-type techniques would be low-cost, low-power, small and simple alternative to known short range communications schemes, including for example the BLUETOOTH™ solution. Operation of a SAW system at a frequency of 2.4 GHz is contemplated.

摘要翻译： 诸如叉指式换能器（IDT）之类的SAW器件已被广泛应用于雷达应用和滤波器。 IDT在由单个电脉冲激励时产生SAW，并且可以被制造为体现代码，该代码提供SAW输入到IDT的无源自相关，从而使其进一步用作通信设备中的信号发生器 。 然而，传统的SAW膨胀器和压缩机通常具有大于20dB的插入损耗，这可以对通信系统中的RF链路预算产生深远的影响。 通过使用单相单向换能器（SPUDT型）而不是常规的IDT作为SAW膨胀机/压缩机，插入损耗大大降低。 SPUDT型反映了在常规IDT设计中丢失的SAW分量，使得更强的SAW指向传输元件。 在接收机中，SPUDT型可以将更强的SAW引导到压缩机IDT。 基于SPUDT型技术的通信系统将是低成本，低功率，小而简单的替代已知短距离通信方案，包括例如BLUETOOTH TM解决方案。 考虑到以2.4GHz的频率操作SAW系统。