Abstract:
Provided is a method of regenerating an acrylic resin (B2), comprising (A) providing a collection of particles of acrylic resin (B2) that has calculated Hansch parameter of -1.0 to 2.5, wherein one or more humic acid, one or more fulvic acid, or a mixture thereof, is adsorbed onto said acrylic resin (B2), and (B) bringing said collection of particles of acrylic resin (B2) into contact with an aqueous solution (RA) having pH of 4 or lower, to form a mixture B2RA, (C) then separating acrylic resin (B3) from said mixture B2RA.
Abstract:
Provided is a method of purifying water comprising (a) providing an aqueous solution (A) that has pH of 5.5 or lower and that comprises (i) one or more dissolved organic compounds in an amount of 5 mg/L or more, measured as dissolved organic carbon, and (ii) 95% or more water by weight based on the weight of the aqueous solution (A), and (b) bringing the aqueous solution (A) into contact with a collection of particles of acrylic resin (B) that has calculated Hansch parameter of -1.0 to 2.5, and (c) then separating an aqueous solution (C) from the collection of particles of acrylic resin (B).
Abstract:
An improved counter-flow ion exchange system and method for operating the same, including a plurality of vertically aligned columns of packed bed ion exchange resin including: an upstream column including a packed bed of cation exchange resin, and a downstream column including a packed bed of anion exchange resin that is in fluid communication with the upstream column, wherein both columns comprises an upper and lower port for ingress and egress of fluid. The subject method of operation includes the steps of: i) introducing a feed liquid into the upper port of the upstream column such that feed liquid flows downward through the column and exits through the lower port, and subsequently flows into the lower port of the downstream column and upward to exit from the upper port, ii) discontinuing the introduction of feed liquid, iii) introducing a first regenerate into the into the upper port of the downstream column such that regenerate flows downward through the column and exits through the lower port and introducing a second regenerate into the into the lower port of the upstream column such that regenerate flows upward through the column and exits through the upper port, and iv) repeating steps i) through iii).
Abstract:
Electrodeionization methods and apparatus wherein ion exchange membranes are not utilized. Instead, ion exchange materials such as beads, fibers, etc., are disposed in alternating layers of anion exchange (AIX) materials and cation exchange (CIX) materials between opposite polarity electrodes. In a regeneration stage, a current is applied across the electrodes with water splitting occurring along at least one of the interfacial areas between neighboring AIX and CIX materials. The H+ and OH ions formed via water splitting migrate in response to the electrical current and displace the salt ions in the respective AIX and CIX. The stack is flushed during the regeneration stage to remove the concentrated salt solution. During a deionization phase, the electrical current is terminated with influent fed to the stack for deionization. The salt ions in the influent are depleted via ion exchange as the influent contacts the AIX and CIX.
Abstract:
A process for the treatment of effluent, particularly acid mine drainage, is provided which includes the steps of a. neutralising acid; b. removing cations by ion exchange using a cation resin; c. regenerating the cation resin; d. treating the eluates of the cation ion exchange step; e. adsorbing anions from the effluent of the cation removal step using an anion exchange resin; and f. regenerating the anion exchange resin.
Abstract:
The invention is a mobile fluid-purification system for purifying liquids or gas/liquid combinations, including but not limited to, oil operation flow-back water, fracking water, fume gases from refineries, petrochemicals, gas plants, power and nuclear stations. Typically, the system comprises a truck-mounted unit in which multiple activated alumina-filled tanks are mounted in a weather-protected container. The system includes an inlet, an outlet, conductivity measuring equipment for monitoring the quality of the purified fluid, and specially designed conduits and valves which allow the treatment tanks to be operated in series, in parallel, or in some combination of tanks in series or parallel. The treatment tanks can be filled with any desired purification material.