Abstract:
A fiber comprises a birefringent fibril discontinuous polymeric phase dispersed in a continuous polymeric phase with prescribed matched and mis-matched refractive indices. A diffusely polarizing organic film, optical element, display, and method of making such a film are also disclosed.
Abstract:
An optical element is formed by co-extruding to have an arrangement of polymer scattering fibers within a polymer matrix. The scattering fibers lie substantially parallel to a first axis. The scattering fibers are arranged at positions across the cross-section of the polymer matrix to scatter light transversely incident on the optical element in a direction substantially orthogonal to the first axis. The positions of the scattering fibers across the cross-section of the optical element may be selected so as to form a two-dimensional photonic crystal structure for light transversely incident on the optical element.
Abstract:
[PROBLEMS] A projection display-use screen formed by a diffusion film capable of arbitrarily controlling diffusion light intensity distribution characteristics with a diffusion angle region not changed by an incident light from a specific angle region, and by a light output direction conversion element being high in output direction conversion efficiency and free from limitation to an output direction conversion angle. [MEANS OF SOLVING PROBLEMS] A screen consisting of a diffusion film having a structure in which a plurality of layers, forming step index type optical waveguides different in refractive index between adjacent ones, extend in a layer inclined angle direction so as to be distributed in an almost top hat type with respect to a film thickness direction, or a structure in which layers, forming refractive index distribution type optical waveguides, extend in parallel or inclined to a film thickness direction with a layer length distributed in an almost top hat type. Or, a screen consisting of a diffusion film and a light output direction conversion film having a structure in which layers, forming step index type and/or refractive index distribution type optical waveguides different in refractive index between adjacent ones, extend to be curved in a film thickness direction.
Abstract:
A composite thin film holding substrate including a substrate (1) and a composite thin film (4) consisting of a filler (2) having a refractive index lower than that of the substrate (1) and a binder having a refractive index higher than that of the filler (2). Light passing through the composite thin film (4) consisting of the filler (2) and the binder (3) having different refractive indexes is effectively scattered. Moreover, the composite thin film (4) containing the filler (2) having a low refractive index has a low refractive index. As a result, the light passing through the composite thin film (4) can be extracted outside from the substrate (1) with a high efficiency.
Abstract:
A coating liquid containing resins having different indexes of refraction is applied to a substrate (14a), dried, and heated so as to cause spinodal decomposition from the resin−containing layer on a transparent substrate. Thus, a light−diffusing layer (16) having at least a bicontinuous phase structure is formed. A transparent conductive layer (or a transparent electrode) (17) can be formed on the light−diffusing layer (16) of the substrate (14a). The transparent conductive layer (17) is opposed to a reflecting electrode (19) formed on another substrate (14b), and a liquid crystal (18) is sealed in the space between the pair of electrodes (17, 19), thus fabricating a liquid crystal cell (13) for a reflection liquid crystal display. Therefore, a light−diffusion layer for displaying a uniform and bright image on the screen of a reflecting liquid crystal display of an internal light−diffusion layer type where a light−diffusion layer is formed on a substrate of a liquid crystal cell.
Abstract:
A liquid crystal display unit comprising an upper polarization plate (11), an optical compensation element, an anisotropic scattering layer (10), a reflection layer (9) and a liquid crystal element (20) incorporating the reflection layer (9), wherein, when a direction of a preferential angle of view of the anisotropic scattering layer is set as Y axis and a direction approximately orthogonal to the Y axis as X axis, a light beam incident onto the anisotropic scattering layer has a scattering angle wider in the Y-axis direction than in the X-axis direction. In addition, angle dependency characteristics of a straight-go transmittance of the anisotropic scattering layer are symmetrical with respect to a layer normal, and a straight-go transmittance from the layer normal direction is lower than that from a slant direction.
Abstract:
A light-diffusing panel (10) includes a sheet (12) of transparent material and a plurality of elongated members (14) on a surface of the sheet (12). The members (14) are circular or semicircular in cross section, and are arranged side-by-side such that their longitidunal axes (L) are parallel to one another. Light incident on a surface of the sheet (12) is diffused along the sheet in a direction (D) normal to the longitudinal axes (L). A median of diffusion (M) remains relatively constant despite changes in the angle of incidence of the light on the sheet (12). The light-diffusing panel (12) can be utilized in a window shade or shutter, or it can be adhered directly to a window.
Abstract:
A lighting device includes (1) one or more solid-state lighting (SSL) devices, (2) a thick, for example prism- or cylinder- or spherical- or dome-shaped scattering element, and (3) an optical extractor with a convex output surface.