公开(公告)号：WO2006025820A1

公开(公告)日：2006-03-09

申请号：PCT/US2004/027728

申请日：2004-08-26

Applicant: MIDWEST RESEARCH INSTITUTE ,  WANG, Qi ,  WANG, Tihu ,  PAGE, Matthew, R. ,  YAN, Yanfa

Inventor： WANG, Qi ,  WANG, Tihu ,  PAGE, Matthew, R. ,  YAN, Yanfa

IPC: H01L21/00

CPC classification number: H01L31/072 ,  H01L31/1804 ,  H01L31/1868 ,  Y02E10/547 ,  Y02P70/521

Abstract: In a method of making a c-Si-based cell or a µc-Si-based cell, the improvement of increasing the minority charge carrier's lifetime, comprising: a) placing a c-Si or polysilicon wafer into CVD reaction chamber under a low vacuum condition and subjecting the substrate of the wafer to heating; and b) passing mixing gases comprising NH 3 /H 2 through the reaction chamber at a low vacuum pressure for a sufficient time and at a sufficient flow rate to enable growth of an a-Si:H layer sufficient to increase the lifetime of the c-Si or polysilicon cell beyond that of the growth of an a-Si:H layer without treatment of the wafer with NH 3 /H 2

Abstract translation: 在制造c-Si基电池或μC-Si基电池的方法中，提高少数电荷载体寿命的方法包括：a）将c-Si或多晶硅晶片放入低于CVD反应室 真空条件，并对晶片的基板进行加热; 和b）将包含NH 3 / H 2 N 2的混合气体在低真空压力下通入反应室足够的时间并以足够的流速使得 a-Si：H层，其足以增加c-Si或多晶硅电池的寿命超过a-Si：H层生长的寿命，而不用NH 3 / H 3 SUB> 2

公开(公告)号：WO2005120235A2

公开(公告)日：2005-12-22

申请号：PCT/US2005/013841

申请日：2005-04-22

Applicant: MIDWEST RESEARCH INSTITUTE, INC. ,  ALBURTY, David, S. ,  BROWN, Kelly, L. ,  PAGE, Andrew, E. ,  FISCHER, Michael, F.

Inventor： ALBURTY, David, S. ,  BROWN, Kelly, L. ,  PAGE, Andrew, E. ,  FISCHER, Michael, F.

IPC: A01N63/00

CPC classification number: A01N25/06 ,  A01N63/00 ,  A01N25/26 ,  A01N2300/00

Abstract: The present invention provides propellant formulations for non-pharmaceutical use in dispersing insoluble particles having biological activity, such as bacterial spores and/or biological analogues, using a dispersion device such as a metered-dose inhaler. It is preferred that the propellant formulations of the present invention are chemically compatible with the biological analogues with which they are to be used, have substantially the same specific gravity as the biological analogues, and have sufficient vapor pressure to prevent agglomeration of the biological analogues. Methods of dispersing said biological analogues in accordance with the present invention are also provided.

Abstract translation: 本发明提供了使用分散装置如计量吸入器分散非药物用于分散具有生物活性的不溶性颗粒的推进剂制剂，例如细菌孢子和/或生物类似物。 优选本发明的推进剂制剂与其使用的生物类似物化学相容，具有与生物类似物基本相同的比重，并且具有足够的蒸气压以防止生物类似物的附聚。 还提供了分散根据本发明的生物类似物的方法。

公开(公告)号：WO2004039731A2

公开(公告)日：2004-05-13

申请号：PCT/US2002/034861

申请日：2002-10-29

Applicant: MIDWEST RESEARCH INSTITUTE ,  NORMAN, Andrew, G. ,  OLSON, Jerry, M.

Inventor： NORMAN, Andrew, G. ,  OLSON, Jerry, M.

IPC: C01G

CPC classification number: B82Y30/00 ,  C23C16/301 ,  C30B25/02 ,  C30B29/60 ,  C30B29/605

Abstract: Nanostructures (18) and methods for production thereof by phase separation during metal organic vapor-phase epitaxy (MOVPE). An embodiment of one of the methods may comprise providing a growth surface in a reaction chamber and introducing a first mixture of precursor materials into the reaction chamber to form a buffer layer (12) thereon. A second mixture of precursor materials may be provided into the reaction chamber to form an active region (14) on the buffer layer (12), wherein the nanostructure (18) is embedded in a matrix (16) in the active region (14). Additional steps are also disclosed for preparing the nanostructure (18) product for various applications.

Abstract translation: 纳米结构（18）及其在金属有机气相外延（MOVPE）期间相分离的方法。 方法之一的实施方案可以包括在反应室中提供生长表面并将前体材料的第一混合物引入反应室中以在其上形成缓冲层（12）。 可以将第二混合物的前体材料提供到反应室中以在缓冲层（12）上形成活性区域（14），其中纳米结构（18）嵌入有源区域（14）中的基质（16）中， 。 还公开了用于制备用于各种应用的纳米结构（18）产品的附加步骤。

公开(公告)号：WO2004037973A2

公开(公告)日：2004-05-06

申请号：PCT/US2003/012726

申请日：2003-04-25

Applicant: MIDWEST RESEARCH INSTITUTE ,  ZHANG, Min ,  CHOU, Yat-Chen ,  HOWE, William ,  EDDY, Christine ,  EVANS, Kent

Inventor： ZHANG, Min ,  CHOU, Yat-Chen ,  HOWE, William ,  EDDY, Christine ,  EVANS, Kent

IPC: C12N

CPC classification number: C12N9/1022 ,  C12N9/1205 ,  C12N9/92 ,  C12N15/52 ,  C12N15/74 ,  C12N15/90 ,  C12N15/902 ,  C12P7/06 ,  C12P7/065 ,  Y02E50/16 ,  Y02E50/17

Abstract: A Zymomonas integrant posseses the ability to ferment pentose into ethanol. The operon encoding for the pentose-fermenting enzymes are integrated into the Zymomonas genome in a two-integration event of homologous recombination and transposition. Each operon may include more than one pentose-reducing enzyme encoding sequence. The integrant in some embodiments includes enzyme sequences encoding xylose isomerase, xylulokinase, transketolase and transaldolase. The Zymomonas integrants are highly stable, and retain activity for producing the pentose-fermenting enzyme for between 80 to 160 generations. The integrants are also resistant to acetate inhibition, as the integrants demonstrate efficient ethanol production even in the presence of 8 up to 16 grams acetate per liter media.

Abstract translation: 发酵单孢菌属具有将戊糖发酵成乙醇的能力。 编码戊糖发酵酶的操纵子在同源重组和转座的双重整合事件中整合到发酵单胞菌基因组中。 每个操纵子可以包含多于一个戊糖还原酶编码序列。 一些实施方案中的整合体包括编码木糖异构酶，木酮糖激酶，转酮醇酶和转醛醇酶的酶序列。 发酵单胞菌整合体高度稳定，并且保持产生戊糖 - 发酵酶80至160代的活性。 这些整合物还能抵抗醋酸盐的抑制，因为即使在每升培养基中含有8至16克醋酸盐的情况下，整合物也表现出有效的乙醇生产。

公开(公告)号：WO2003076334A1

公开(公告)日：2003-09-18

申请号：PCT/US2003/007044

申请日：2003-03-07

Applicant: The Regents of the University of Colorado ,  Midwest Research Institute

Inventor： WEIMER, Alan, W. ,  DAHL, Jaimee, K. ,  LEWANDOWSKI, Allan, A. ,  BINGHAM, Carl ,  BUECHLER, Karen, Raska, J. ,  GROTHE, Willy

IPC: C01B3/24

CPC classification number: B01J8/025 ,  B01J19/127 ,  B01J2208/00451 ,  B01J2208/00513 ,  B01J2219/00006 ,  B01J2219/0272 ,  B01J2219/0883 ,  C01B3/04 ,  C01B3/24 ,  C01B3/344 ,  C01B2203/0222 ,  C01B2203/0272 ,  C01B2203/0805 ,  C01B2203/0833 ,  C01B2203/085 ,  C01B2203/0866 ,  F24S20/20 ,  Y02E10/41 ,  Y02E60/364 ,  Y02P20/134

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for carrying out high temperature thermal dissociation reactions requiring rapid-heating and short residence times using solar energy. In particular, the present invention provides a method for carrying out high temperature thermal reactions such as dissociation of hydrocarbon containing gases and hydrogen sulfide to produce hydrogen and dry reforming of hydrocarbon containing gases with carbon dioxide. In the methods of the invention where hydrocarbon containing gases are dissociated, fine carbon black particles are also produced. The present invention also provides solar-thermal reactors and solar-thermal reactor systems.

Abstract translation: 本发明提供一种使用太阳能进行需要快速加热和停留时间短的高温热解离反应的方法。 特别地，本发明提供了一种用于进行高温热反应的方法，例如含烃气体和硫化氢的解离以产生氢气，并且用含二氧化碳的含烃气体进行干重整。 在含烃气体解离的本发明的方法中，也生产细小的炭黑颗粒。 本发明还提供太阳能热反应堆和太阳能热反应堆系统。

公开(公告)号：WO2003073517A1

公开(公告)日：2003-09-04

申请号：PCT/US2002/005781

申请日：2002-02-27

Applicant: MIDWEST RESEARCH INSTITUTE ,  WANLASS, Mark, W. ,  MASCARENHAS, Angelo

Inventor： WANLASS, Mark, W. ,  MASCARENHAS, Angelo

IPC: H01L31/042

CPC classification number: H01L31/0687 ,  H01L25/0756 ,  H01L27/153 ,  H01L27/156 ,  H01L31/042 ,  H01L31/0475 ,  H01L31/0504 ,  H01L31/0508 ,  H01L2924/0002 ,  Y02E10/544 ,  H01L2924/00

Abstract: A multi-junction, monolithic, photovoltaic (PV) cell and device (600) is provided for converting radiant energy to photocurrent and photovoltage with improved efficiency. The PV cell includes an array of subcells (602), i.e., active p/n junctions, grown on a compliant substrate, where the compliant substrate accommodates greater flexibility in matching lattice constants to adjacent semiconductor material. The lattice matched semiconductor materials are selected with appropriate band-gaps to efficiently create photovoltage from a larger portion of the solar spectrum. Subcell strings (601, 603) from multiple PV cells are voltage matched to provide high output PV devices. A light emitting cell and device is also provided having monolithically grown red-yellow and green emission subcells and a mechanically stacked blue emission subcell.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种多结，单片，光伏（PV）电池和器件（600），用于将辐射能转化为光电流和光电压并提高效率。 PV电池包括在顺应性衬底上生长的子电池阵列（602），即活性p / n结，其中柔性衬底适应将晶格常数与相邻半导体材料相匹配的更大的灵活性。 用合适的带隙选择晶格匹配的半导体材料，以有效地从太阳光谱的较大部分产生光电压。 来自多个PV电池的子电池串（601,603）被电压匹配以提供高输出PV装置。 还提供了具有单片生长的红 - 黄和绿色发射子电池和机械堆叠的蓝色发射子电池的发光单元和器件。

公开(公告)号：WO2003052836A1

公开(公告)日：2003-06-26

申请号：PCT/US2001/048183

申请日：2001-12-14

Applicant: MIDWEST RESEARCH INSTITUTE ,  FRIEDMAN, Daniel, J. ,  GEISZ, John, F.

Inventor： FRIEDMAN, Daniel, J. ,  GEISZ, John, F.

IPC: H01L31/068

CPC classification number: H01L31/0687 ,  H01L31/068 ,  Y02E10/544 ,  Y02E10/547

Abstract: A multi-junction solar cell device (10) is provided. The multi-junction solar cell device (10) comprises either two or three active solar cells connected in series in a monolithic structure. The multi-junction device (10) comprises a bottom active cell (20) having a single-crystal silicon substrate base and an emitter layer (23). The multi-junction device (10) further comprises one or two subsequent active cells each having a base layer (32) and an emitter layer (23) with interconnecting tunnel junctions between each active cell. At least one layer that forms each of the top and middle active cells is composed of a single-crystal III-V semiconductor alloy that is substantially lattice-matched to the silicon substrate (22). The polarity of the active p-n junction cells is either p-on-n or n-on-p. The present invention further includes a method for substantially lattice matching single-crystal III-V semiconductor layers with the silicon substrate (22) by including boron and/or nitrogen in the chemical structure of these layers.

Abstract translation: 提供多结太阳能电池装置（10）。 多结太阳能电池器件（10）包括串联连接在一体式结构中的两个或三个有源太阳能电池。 多结器件（10）包括具有单晶硅衬底基底和发射极层（23）的底部有源电池（20）。 多结器件（10）还包括一个或两个后续的有源电池，每个有源电池具有基极层（32）和发射极层（23），每个有源电池之间具有互连的隧道结。 形成顶部和中间活性单元中的每一个的至少一层由与硅衬底（22）基本上晶格匹配的单晶III-V半导体合金构成。 活性p-n结电池的极性是p-on或n-on-p。 本发明还包括一种通过在这些层的化学结构中包含硼和/或氮使基本上晶格匹配单晶III-V半导体层与硅衬底（22）的方法。

公开(公告)号：WO2003052781A1

公开(公告)日：2003-06-26

申请号：PCT/US2001/048184

申请日：2001-12-14

Applicant: MIDWEST RESEARCH INSTITUTE ,  RIVKINA, Tatiana ,  GINLEY, David, S.

Inventor： RIVKINA, Tatiana ,  GINLEY, David, S.

IPC: H01G4/06

CPC classification number: H01P1/217 ,  H01P1/181

Abstract: A tunable circuit (10) for a capacitively tunable capacitor device (12) is provided. The tunable cirecuit (10) comprises a tunable circuit element (14) and a non-tunable dielectric element (16) coupled to the tunable circuit element (16). A tunable capacitor device (12) and a method for increasing the figure of merit in a tunable capacitor device (12) are also provided.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种用于电容可调谐电容器装置（12）的可调谐电路（10）。 可调谐电路（10）包括可调电路元件（14）和耦合到可调谐电路元件（16）的不可调电介质元件（16）。 还提供了可调谐电容器装置（12）和用于增加可调谐电容器装置（12）中的品质因数的方法。

公开(公告)号：WO2003017384A1

公开(公告)日：2003-02-27

申请号：PCT/US2001/025659

申请日：2001-08-16

Applicant: MIDWEST RESEARCH INSTITUTE ,  WANG, Qi ,  IWANICZKO, Eugene

Inventor： WANG, Qi ,  IWANICZKO, Eugene

IPC: H01L31/20

CPC classification number: H01L31/075 ,  H01L31/056 ,  H01L31/204 ,  Y02E10/52 ,  Y02E10/548 ,  Y02P70/521

Abstract: A thin-film solar cell is provided. The thin-film solar cell comprises an a-SiGe:H (1.6eV) n-i-p solar cell having a deposition rate of at least ten (10) Å/second for the a-SiGe:H intrinsic layer by hot wire chemical vapor deposition. A method for fabricating a thin film solar cell is also provided. The method comprises depositing a n-i-p layer at a deposition rate of at least ten (10) Å/second for the a-SiGe:H intrinsic layer.

Abstract translation: 提供薄膜太阳能电池。 薄膜太阳能电池包括通过热线化学气相沉积对a-SiGe：H本征层具有至少十（10）ANGSTROM /秒的沉积速率的a-SiGe：H（1.6eV）n-i-p太阳能电池。 还提供了一种制造薄膜太阳能电池的方法。 该方法包括以a-SiGe：H本征层至少十（10）ANGSTROM /秒的沉积速率沉积n-i层。

公开(公告)号：WO2003014254A1

公开(公告)日：2003-02-20

申请号：PCT/US2001/024699

申请日：2001-08-07

Applicant: MIDWEST RESEARCH INSTITUTE ,  LEE, Se-Hee ,  TRACY, C., Edwin ,  PITTS, J., Roland ,  JORGENSEN, Gary, J.

Inventor： LEE, Se-Hee ,  TRACY, C., Edwin ,  PITTS, J., Roland ,  JORGENSEN, Gary, J.

IPC: C09K9/00

CPC classification number: G02F1/1523 ,  C23C14/08

Abstract: The present invention discloses an amorphous material comprising nickel oxide doped with tantalum that is an anodically coloring electrochromic martial. The material of the present invention is prepared in the form of an electrode (200) having a thin film (202) of an electrochromic material of the present invention residing on a transparent conductive film (203). The material of the present invention is also incorporated into an electrochromic device (100) as a thin film (102)in conjunction with a cathodically coloring prior art electrochromic material layer (104) such that the devices contain both anodically coloring (102) and cathodically coloring (104) layers. The materials of the electrochromic layers in these devices exhibit broadband optical complimentary behavior, ionic species complimentary behavior, and coloration efficiency complimentary behavior in their operation.

Abstract translation: 本发明公开了一种非晶材料，其包含掺杂有钽的氧化镍，其是阳极着色的电致变色武器。 本发明的材料以具有本发明的电致变色材料的薄膜（202）的电极（200）的形式制成，该电致变色材料驻留在透明导电膜（203）上。 本发明的材料还与阴极着色现有技术的电致变色材料层（104）一起并入作为薄膜（102）的电致变色器件（100）中，使得器件同时含有阳极着色（102）和阴极 着色（104）层。 这些器件中电致变色层的材料表现出宽带光学互补行为，离子物质互补行为和着色效率在其操作中的互补行为。